2. DEFINE AGRICULTURE?
• Agriculture is the science of growing crops and raising animals to meet the food,
fiber, fuel, and other needs of humans. It includes many areas, such as soil
conservation, pest management, and mechanics.
3. INTRODUCTION
• All humans depend on agriculture for food
• Urban industrial societies depends on the base of food surplus
generated by farmer and herders
• Without agriculture there could be no cities, universities,
factories or offices
• Employs 45% of the working population
• In some parts of Asia and Africa, over 80% of labor force is
engaged in agriculture.
5. WORK FORCE
• More than 25% of people work in agriculture or some related field.
• Many changes have occurred throughout the years.
• People living on farms
• 18oo’s = 70%
• Amount of time to produce an acre of wheat
• 1800’s =55 hours
6. HISTORY OF THE ENGINE
• John Froelich
• First gasoline tractor (1892)
• Rudolph diesel
• Produced the first diesel engine (1898)
7. AGRICULTURE IN PAKISTAN
• About 25% of Pakistan’s total land area is under cultivation
• It is watered by on of the largest irrigation system in the world
• Pakistan irrigates three times more acres than Russia
• Agriculture accounts for about 21% of GDP he
• Employs about 41% of labor force.
• In Pakistan account of agriculture these are includes
• Crops (wheat, sugar cane, cotton, rice) is about 75 %
• Fishery
• livestock
8. OLD METHODS OF CULTIVATION
AND HARVESTING
• Pakistan has low yield per acre that means the average crop in
Pakistan is just 1/4th of that of advance states
• Where as Nepal , India, and Bangladesh are using modern
scientific methods to increase their yield per acre or to improve
their yield.
12. WHAT IS MODERN AGRICULTURE?
• Modern agriculture is a term used to describe the wide type of
production practices employed by American farmers.
• It makes use of hybrid seeds of selected variety of a single crop.
• Technologically advanced equipment and lots of energy subsidies in the
form of irrigation water, fertilizers and pesticides
• More than 90% of farmers today work using the most innovative
practices and growing techniques to produce enough food, fuel and fiber
for a growing world, while minimizing their environmental footprint at
the same time.
13. • More than 90% of farmers today work using the most
innovative practices and growing techniques to produce enough
food, fuel and fiber for a growing world, while minimizing
their environmental footprint at the same time.
• People living on farms
• Now = 2%
• Amount of time to produce an acre of wheat
• Now = 1 hour
20. ADVANTAGES
During the latter half of the twentieth
century, what is known today As
modern agriculture was very successful
in meeting a growing demand for food
by the world’s population.
Yields of primary crops such as rice
and wheat increased dramatically, the
price of food declined, the rate of
increase in crop yields generally kept
pace with population growth and the
number of malnourished people was
reduced slightly
we now import many of our fruits and
vegetables from foreign borders.
New technology like pesticides and
mechanical farm equipment's make it
possible to grow large amounts of food
with relatively few human hands
21. DISADVANTAGES
Use of fertilizers can alter the
biology of rivers and lakes.
Some environmentalists
attribute the hypoxic one in
the gulf of Mexico as being
encouraged by nitrogen
fertilization of the algae
bloom
Removal of buffers to make
large fields for maximum
efficiency leading to lower
food costs and greater food
availability to the poor.
It limits the natural habitat of
some wild creatures and can
lead to soil erosion.
22. RECOMMENDATION
• Pakistan is still far from realizing the large potential yield.
• Well-irrigated and fertile soil from the Indus irrigation system could
produce more than present yield.
• The key to a much-needed improvement of productivity lies in a more
efficient use of resources, principally land and water.
• Increase investments in research and technology development.
• Accelerate development of high yielding/disease resistant varieties.
• Training centers should be made for the farmers.
• Micro financing should be introduced at a bigger scale in Pakistan for
enhancement of rural areas.
