PERSONALITY.

1. Presented By:
Ms. Ranjana Prasad
CHRISTIAN TRAINING COLLEGE,
LUCKNOW

2.  PERSONALITY TERM IS DERIVED FROM THE
LATIN WORD “PERSONA” WHICH MEANS MASK .
 GREEK ACTORS USED TO WEAR FOR THE
CHARACTERS THEY PORTRAYED.
 EFFECT WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL WEARING MASK
LEFT ON AUDIENCE

3. PERSONALITY AS STIMULUS
How an individual affects other person
with whom he comes in contact .
Governed by physical appearance,
clothing , conversation and ettiquettes.

4. SUMMATIVE APPROACH
 This approach lays emphasis on the
importance of innate dispositions , habits
impulses and emotions .
 It lays emphasis upon the innate and
acquired characteristics .
 It does not emphasizes on the interaction
between the social and cultural
environment.

5. Totality approach
 A man’s personality is the
total picture of his organised
behaviour.

6. PERSONALITY AS ADJUSTMENT
PERSONALITY IS THE SUM
OF THE MOVEMENTS AS HE
ADAPTS HIMSELF TO THE
ENVIRONMENT IS HIS
PERSONALITY.

7. ALLPORT’S DEFINITION
“Personality is a dynamic organization
within the individual of those
psychophysical systems that determine
his unique adjustment with the
environment.”

8. TYPE THEORIES
TYPE IS SIMPLY A CLASS OF
INDIVIDUALS TO SHARE A
COMMON COLLECTION OF
CHARACTERISTICS.

9. ON THE BASIS OF BODY FLUIDS
BODY FLUID
TEMPERAMENT
CHARACTERISTICS
 YELLOW BILE
CHOLERIC
 BLACK BILE
MELANOCHOLIC
 BLOOD
SANGUINE
 PHLEGAM
PHLEGMATIC
 IRRITABLE
 DEPRESSED ,
PESSIMISTIC
 ACTIVE ,HOPEFUL
 CALM, SLUGGISH

10. CONSTITUTIONAL TYPE
TYPE CHARACTERISTICS
 PYKNIC
 ASTHENIC
 ATHLETIC
 DYPLASTIC
 STOCKY, FULL CHESTED,
POPULAR IN GROUPS
 TALL THIN , IRRITABLE
 STRONG , MUSCULAR
,VERY ADJUSTING HIGH
SOCIAL PRESTIGE
 MIXED TYPE

11. JUNG’S TYPOLOGY
 INTOVERT – THE Y ARE SHY , AVOIDS
PEOPLE,AND ENJOYS TO BE ALONE.
 EXTROVERT- ORIENTED TOWARDS THE
EXTERNAL WORLD . THEY ARE CONVENTIONAL,
OUTGOING ,SOCIAL , FRIENDLY AND FREE FROM
WORRIES.
 AMBIVERT- MIXED TYPE

12. TRAIT THEORY
 TRAIT MAY BE DEFINED AS A PROPERTY
WITHIN THE INDIVIDUAL THAT ACCOUNTS
FOR HIS UNIQUE BUT RELATIVELY STABLE
REACTION TO THE ENVIRONMENT .
 A BEHAVIOUR WHICH IS MANIFESTED IN A
NUMBER OF LIFE SITUATIONS.
 IN MODERN PSYCHOLOGY THIS APPROACH IS
USED TO UNDERSTAND THE DEVELOPMENT
OF PERSONALITY.

13. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRAITS
SCALABLE
INFLUENCES BEHAVIOUR
TRAITS ARE LEARNED
HIGHER ORDER HABITS
FLEXIBLE

14. ALLPORT’S CLASSIFICATION
 COMMON TRAITS- FOUND IN MOST OF THE
INDIVIDUALS IN A SOCIETY AND CULTURE.
INDIVIDUALS CAN BE COMPARED.
 PERSONAL TRAITS- LIMITED ON A FEW
INDIVIDUALS IN THE SOCIETY. THERE ARE MORE
THAN 18000 PERSONAL TRAITS IDENTIFIED BY
ALLPORT. THEY ARE OF 3 TYPES
 CARDINAL DISPOSITIONS
 CENTRAL DISPOSITIONS
 SECONDARY DISPOSITIONS

15. CATTELL’S TRAIT THEORY
 HE REDUCED THE NUMBER OF TRAITS FROM
18000 TO 4500.
 HE COMBINED THE SYNONMS AND REDUCED
THE NUMBER TO 200 .
 LATER STATISTICALLY REDUCED THE NUMBER
TO 35.
 HE CLASSIFIED THE TRAITS IN 2 CATEGORIES
 SURFACE TRAITS
 SOURCE TRAITS

16. Assessment of personality
 Refers to the identification of various traits
in individuals .
 Helps in studying the developmental
process of the individuals
 Assigning duties to individuals
 Selecting individuals for various jobs
 Providing guidance and counseling

17. METHODS
NON PROJECTIVE PROJECTIVE
 PERSONALITY
INVENTORIES
 QUESTIONNAIRE
 INTERWIEW
 RATING SCALE
 AUTOBIOGRAPHY
 WORD
ASSOCIATION
TEST
 RORSCHACH INK
BLOT
 TAT
 PICTURE
COMPLETION

18. NON PROJECTIVE METHODS
 THEY ARE DIRECT METHODS OF PERSONALITY
ASSESSMENT
 TE QUESTIONS ARE CLEAR AND DIRECT
 FOR EXAMPLE
 Do you have sleeping disorder ? Yes/no
 Do you enjoy in social gatherings?yes/no

19. PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUES
 INDIRECT MEASUREMENT OF PERSONALITY
 SOME VAGUE AND UNSTRUCTURED
STIMULUS IS PRESENTED IN FROT OF THE
IDIVIDUAL
 IN DOING SO THE INDIVIDUAL
UNCONSCIOUSLY PROJECTS HIS INNER
HIDDEN DESIRES, FEARS, HOPES AND
REPRESSED WISHES .

20. THANK YOU