This document discusses and compares the climates of Canada and Australia. It defines climate and its key components. For Canada, it describes the four distinct seasons and notes that winter temperatures can drop as low as -25 degrees Celsius. For Australia, it states that the hottest months are December through February, with average maximum temperatures from 32 to 40 degrees Celsius. The document also notes how the seasons are opposite between the two countries in the same time periods. It discusses some effects of each country's climate, such as Canada's harsh winters affecting its ability to grow certain foods locally.

1. CLIMATE
PRESENTED BY:
PRABHJOT SINGH
HARNOOR SINGH
RAMANDEEP SINGH

2. WHAT’S INSIDE
1.Climate and its components .
2.Climate of Canada.
3.Climate of Australia.
4.How climates of Australia and
Canada differs.
5.Effect of climate on lifestyle
and environment of both
countries.

3. What is climate
“It is a change which is attributed directly or
indirectly to human activity that alters the
composition of the global atmosphere and which is
in addition to natural climate variability observed
over comparative time periods”

4. Components of climate
1.Insolation
2.Temperature
3.Pressure
4.Air masses
5.Precipitation

5. Climate of Canada
Spring - March 20 to June 20. Spring is a rainy season in most
parts
Summer - June 21 to September 21. ...
Fall (or Autumn) - September 22 to December 20. ...
Winter - December 21 to March 19.
Canada's climate varies wildly based on geography, from perms-frost in the north to
four distinct seasons towards the equator. In this region the temperature can climb up
to 35 degrees Celsius in the summer and descend to a chilly -25 degrees Celsius during
winter.

6. Winter in Canada
 Winter starts from December 21st and stay till march 19th.
Toronto is the most populated city of Canada in which people
survive at lowest temp around –20 degree Celsius.
The annual precipitation totals are averages of weather data
collected during 1981 to 2010. The calculation of days includes
those when precipitation totalled at least 0.2 millimetres (0.008
inches).

7. Summer in Canada
Summer in Canada starts from June 21 and stay
till September 21.
APRIL : temperature 5°C (1°C above avg.); precipitation 120mm (20mm above avg.); Apr 1-7:
Rain to snow, then showers, mild; Apr 8-12: Showers, mild north; rain to snow, cold
south; Apr 13-21: Heavy rain, then showers, cool; Apr 22-30: Rain, then showers, cool.
MAY : temperature 8.5°C (1°C above avg.); precipitation 80mm (40mm below avg.); May 1-6:
Scattered showers, seasonable; May 7-14: Rainy periods, then sunny, warm; May 15-21:
Scattered showers, seasonable; May 22-31: A few showers; warm, then cool.

8. Spring season
 Starts from march 20 to June 20.
 . At the spring equinox, days are approximately 12 hours long with
day length increasing as the season progresses. Spring and
"springtime" refer to the season, and also to ideas of rebirth,
rejuvenation, renewal, resurrection and regrowth.

9. Autumn season in Canada
Autumn, interchangeably known as fall in North America,[1] is
one of the four temperate seasons. Autumn marks the
transition from summer into winter, in September (Northern
Hemisphere) or March (Southern Hemisphere), when the
arrival of night becomes noticeably earlier and the
temperature cools considerably. One of its main features is
theshedding of leaves from deciduous trees.

10. Climate of Australia
Australia is so large that its climate varies. The greater part of
the continent is desert or semi-arid. Only the south-east and
south-west corners have a temperate climate and moderately
fertile soil. The northern part has a tropical climate, varied
between tropical rainforests, grasslands, and part desert

11. Seasons in Australia
 Australia is a continent that experiences a variety of climates
due to its size.
 Australia's seasons are opposite to those in the northern
hemisphere. December to February is summer; March to May
is autumn; June to August is winter; and September to
November is spring.

12. Summer in Australia
 the three hottest months December, January and February.
 Summer daytime temperatures range from 32 to 40 °C (90 to 104 °F).

13. Winter season in Australia
 Winter - the three coldest months June, July and August.
 Winter minimum 6 and Winter maximum 14, all in degrees Celsius.

14. Spring in Australia
 It’s a season of generally fine weather although late spring could bring cyclones, and
wind and rain, to parts of the northern regions of Queensland, Western Australia and
the Northern Territory, when the northern wet season begins around late October.
 Generally, spring weather lies between the cold of winter and the heat of summer
with minimum mean averages in the Capricorn band of around 12°C to 15°C and
maximum mean averages of around 24°C to 27°C. Spring is usually considered a
time of less rain.
 It is a time of Australia’s best known flower festival.

15. Difference between climate of Australia and
canada
When we think of Australia the
first thing comes into our
mind is “HOT & SUNNY
WEATHER”
If somebody is planning to
move Canada the first thing
a person gonna buy is a
heavy weather proof jacket

16. Seasons are opposite in both countries at same
time
In Australia
 Summer –(December – February )
 temperature 32 to 40 °C
 Winter –( June to august)
 temperature 3°C to 14 °C.
 Autumn –(march to may )
 Temperature 11 to 25 °C.
 Spring –(September to November)
 Temperature 10 to 22 °C.
In Canada
 Summer –( June - September )
 Temperature July is the hottest month
in Toronto with an average temperature
of 21°C
 Winter –( December- March ) the
coldest is January at -3°C to -15°C|
 Autumn –(September -December)
 Temp stays between 4.5°C to 10°C
 Spring-(march to June ) temp ranges
from 4.5°C to 16°C

17. How harsh climate effect the lifestyle and
environment of Canada.
Melting ice sheets  Sea level rise

18. Effects - Extreme weather events
(adapted from Warren & Lemmen, 2014)
Storm (including
snow)
Wildfire
Tornado
Hurricane
Flooding
These types of losses are expected to become more frequent
with increasing climate change.

19. Example from past
 Hurricane Hazel - October 15, 1954, the most famous hurricane in Canadian
history struck Southern Ontario , winds that reached 110 kilometres per hour (68
mph) and 285 millimetres (11.23 inches) of rain in 48 hours. . Thousands were left
homeless, and 81 people were killed , The total cost of the destruction in Canada
was estimated at $100 million (about $1 billion today).

20. ……………………………………………............
 Canada's harsh climate does not allow Canadians to grow a lot of
foods like fruits and vegetables in the winter time. Also we can't grow
certain plants. Canada's cold climates Affect the affects the soil which
a quality of vegetation. Due to this Canada often get's food from
other countries.
 Canada's harsh climate does not allow Canadians to grow a lot of
foods like fruits and vegetables in the winter time. Also we can't grow
certain plants. Canada's cold climates Affect the affects the soil which
a quality of vegetation. Due to this Canada often get's food from
other countries.
 The cold climate can cause diseases and sicknesses such as
hypothermia which is
a condition of having very low body temperature. It can also cause
frostbites which is a result of frozen tissues in your body.

21. Effects of climate in Australia

22.  Australia was once a part of Antarctica. It was a pretty
cold place back then. But since it broke away from
Antarctica millions of years ago and started moving
north the weather has been getting warmer
(thankfully).

23. …………………….
 Natural disasters due to climate in Australia including bushfires, floods, severe
storms, earthquakes and landslides. These events cause great financial hardship
for individuals and communities, and can result in loss of life, which has become
part of Australian folklore.
 Bushfires - Bushfires in Australia are frequent events during the hotter months of
the year, due to Australia's mostly hot, dry climate. Bushfires in Australia are
frequent events during the hotter months of the year, due to Australia's mostly hot,
dry climate.

24. Drought
 A drought is a prolonged, abnormally dry period when there is not enough water
for users' normal needs. Drought is not simply low rainfall; if it was, much of inland
Australia would be in almost perpetual drought. Because people use water in so
many different ways, there is no universal definition of drought.
 Australia is the driest of all inhabited continents, with its climates varying markedly
over time and space. At any given moment, large parts of the country may be in
drought. Research has showed that major droughts include clusters in the mid-
1860s, 1877, 1888, 1895–1903, 1911–16, 1918–20 and variously between 1926–30,
1934–44, 1944–54, 1958–68 and 1972–81. The early 1980s and 1990s also saw
punishing droughts. Australia has experienced two significant '100-year droughts'
in the last 100 or so years.

25. Summary
 “It is a change which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters
the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural
climate variability observed over comparative time periods”
 Components of climate : Insolation, Temperature, Pressure, air masses ,
Precipitation.
 the three hottest months in Australia December, January and February.
 Summer daytime in Australia temperatures range from 32 to 40 °C (90 to 104 °F).

26. References
 http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/sep/19/climate-change-affect-
food-production.
 http://www.calendar-updates.com/info/holidays/canada/autumn.aspx
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_in_Canada
 http://ca.searchnow.com/?q=the%20effect%20of%20climate%20change&dev=c&g
clid=CLvV8aqg9ssCFQgoaQodV6gPIA
 http://www.australian-information-stories.com/climate-of-australia.html
 http://www.australia.com/en/facts/weather.html

27. Thank you