The First genetic maps used genes as markers becauseplease answer.pdf

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The First genetic maps used genes as markers because: please answer both questions with correct answer! thank you! The First genetic maps used genes as markers because: Select one: a. The locations of genes on chromosomes could be observed by stining the DNA with dyes. X b. Phenotypes specified by genes could be visually identified and their inheritance patterns studied. c. Individual genes specifying easily identifiable phenotypic traits were easily cloned. d. Singel nucleotide polymorphisms were used to identify point mutations that resulted in clearly observable phenotypic differences. Eukaryotic Genomes are mapped using DNA markers in addition to genes because: Select one: a. DNA markers do not require the presence of two or more alleles for mapping b. Gene maps may not cover large regions of the genome c. Most genes contain multiple alleles that can be easily mapped X d. DNA markers are less variable than genetic markers Solution 1. Option D is correct. The First genetic maps used genes as markers because single nucleodite plymorphism were used to identify any changes in gene. 2. Opttion A is correct.

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Two chains are available to hold up an object. A student arranges t.pdf

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This is a modeling problem in Interger programming. We have a problem that dealt with different cities—some city that have factories that made an item and others that didn’t have factories. There are specific capacities on each of the routes between cities (“number of trains”). Each city had a demand of the items that had to be fulfilled. Items could be shipped to cities that are not adjacent as well (with a connection through another city/cities). We had to find a way fulfill these constraints that minimized the cost of transportation. Solution In order to approach these problems with no data, there will be demand of different items Let us suppose there are 3 items I1,I2,I3 and demands of which are D1,D2 and D3 Then the demands of all the three items must be fulfilled, items can be shipped from other cities i.e. D1 can send an item through D3, if there exists a path from D1 to D3 by connecting over other cities Please provide the constraints.

This is a modeling problem in Interger programming.We have a probl.pdf

Rahul04August

There is a surge of mergers and acquisitions among television networks, entertainment, and internet-related companies since 2010. Some have been completed, some have been stopped by regulators, and others are still in progress. How are these different from the AOL-Time Warner merger of the year 2000? Are the recent mergers and acquisitions likely to be successful? Why or why not? Solution A decade ago, America Online merged with Time Warner in a deal valued at a stunning $350 billion. It was then, and is now, the largest merger in American business history. After gaining Federal Trade Commission approval, the deal had its skeptics. AOL was the majority shareholder, and for the financials to add up, AOL would have to continue making bundles of money in advertising revenue. Before the ink was even dry on the deal, the dot-com bubble had burst, Internet stocks plummeted, and the bottom fell out of the online advertising market. To make matters worse, increased availability of high-speed Internet access cut deeply into AOL\'s dial-up revenue The merger proved poisonous for both companies and downright deadly for investors. About $100 billion in stock value was wiped out . In 2009, Time Warner spun AOL off as its own company. Today, the AOL-Time Warner marriage is the standard business school case study for the worst merger ever. It was an odd merger, where both companies retained their independence. In fact, Time Warner appears to have retained more power than AOL, even though technically, AOL bought Time Warner. There was a great potential to a merger - just imagine having the largest ISP (dial-up) with millions of internet accounts merging with one of the largest cable network providers with millions of homes connected to coaxial and then fiber networks. Yet, they could not make it work. The rumor has it that the executives of both companies after the merger (yet, again - they were never one company) went to negotiate their consumer offering, specifically, AOL over Time Warner boradband network. Nobody wanted to give up any revenue. The outcome? If you want AOL over broadband, you can pay the current price for Time Warner internet (around $45/mo back then) plus the standard AOL fee (around $20/mo). Needless to say, it was not a popular offer. AOL slowly died. Time Warner spun it off. NOW A days mergers and acquistions are going smoothly Here’s a list of examples of good mergers and acquisitions transactions: Human factors almost always have a significant impact on both a deal’s success and the amount of additional cost and effort required to recover when they were not sufficiently considered. The five human factors below differentiate successful deals: Managing human factors increases the likelihood of value being realized: people are complicated, and building a team that has the capacity and inclination to attend to them is a differentiator in an industry where many still focus on the technical elements of the deal..

There is a surge of mergers and acquisitions among television networ.pdf

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The purpose of this C++ programming project is to allow the student to perform parallel array and multidimensional array processing. The logic for string and Cstring has already been completed, so the assignment can be started before we actually cover string and Cstring in detail. This program has the following three menu options: Solution /* This program uses simple arrays, multidimensional arrays, cstrings, strings, and files. It allows a payroll clerk to choose an option from a menu. The choices are: A: List the Payroll Information by Employee Name B: Search Payroll Information by Employee Name X: Exit the Payroll Information Module The following items for each employee are saved in the file p10.txt: Employee ID (1000 - 9999) Last Name (15 characters) First Name (15 characters) Rate (5.00 - 10.00) Hours W1,W2,W3,W4 (0-60) */ #include // file processing #include // cin and cout #include // toupper #include // setw #include // cstring functions strlen, strcmp, strcpy stored in string.h #include // string class #define stricmp strcasecmp #define strnicmp strncasecmp using namespace std; //Disable warning messages C4267 C4996. //To see the warnings, comment out the following line. //#pragma warning( disable : 4267 4996) //Warning C4267: coversion from size_t to int, possible lost of data //size_t is a data type defined in and is an unsigned integer. //The function strlen returns a value of the type size_t, but in //searchByName we assign the returned value to an int. //We could also declare the variable as size_t instead of int. // size_t stringLength; //Warning C4996: strnicmp strcpy, stricmp was declared deprecated, means //the compiler encountered a function that was marked with deprecated. //The deprecated function may no longer be supported in a future release. //Global Constants //When using to declare arrays, must be defined with const modifier const int ARRAY_SIZE = 20, HOURS_SIZE = 4, NAME_SIZE = 16; //Declare arrays as global so we don\'t have to pass the arrays to each function. //Normally we wouldn\'t declare variables that change values a global. int employeeId[ARRAY_SIZE]; string firstName[ARRAY_SIZE]; char lastName[ARRAY_SIZE][NAME_SIZE]; double rate[ARRAY_SIZE]; int hours[ARRAY_SIZE][HOURS_SIZE]; int numberOfEmps; //count of how many employees were loaded into arrays int sumHours[ARRAY_SIZE] = {0}; //initialize arrays to zero by providing a double avgHours[ARRAY_SIZE] = {0}; //value for the first element in the array //Function Prototypes void loadArray( ); void sumAndComputeAvgHours( ); void listByName( ); void searchByName( ); void sortByName( ); void swapValues(int i, int minIndex); void listEmployees( ); void listEmployeesHeadings( ); void listEmployeesDetails(int i); void listEmployeesTotals( ); void displayContinuePrompt( ); //Program starts here int main() { //Declare and initialize local main variables char choice; //menu option //Load the arrays with data loadArray(); //Sum and compute the average hours sumAndComputeAv.

The purpose of this C++ programming project is to allow the student .pdf

Rahul04August

the input to a frequency translation system has a bandwidth of 19 to 20 Mhz and it is desired to shift the spectrum to the range of 50 to 51 Mhz while reversing the spectral sense. determine the required frequency in Mhz of the LO frequency. please show with steps. Solution The mixer frequency(Fm) have two frequency componenets that iare Fi+FL and Fi-FL, where Fi is in put frequency and FlL is local oscilator frquency Fm=51 Mhz Fi=20Mhz FL=Fm-Fi=51-20 Mhz so required local osc frequency is 31 mhz.

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the consistent joining of two specific bases in nucleotides within DNAS is called DNA replication base doubling complementary base pairing base transcription The nucleotide sequence AUGGUC could be part of a single strand of DNA could be part of an mRNA contains three codons contains one anticodon Which process requires the participating of all three types of RNA? translation transcription RNA processing replication. The A site on a ribosome function is rtecei8ving a new RNA with the correct amino acid. Holding a polypeptide as amino acids are added. Attacking the small subunits to the large subunits. releasing the compound polypeptide. DNA is a polymer of Deoxyribnucleotides Amino acid None of the above. Solution 7. Ans: C In the DNA, joining of two bases by hydrogen bonds is known as complementary base pairing. In DNA, complementary base of guanine is cytosine and complementary base of adenine is thymine. 8. Ans: B Given nucleotide sequence AUGGUC could be a part of mRNA because sequence contain U (Uracil) base which is found only in RNA not in DNA. In the DNA in place of Uracil thymine is found. Codon is a sequence of three bases. 9. Ans:B In translation is a process of protein synthesis, in which all three types of RNA participate to complete the task of protein synthesis. mRNA encodes amino acid sequence of polypeptide. tRNA brings amoino acids to ribosomes during translation. rRNA with ribosomal proteins makes up the ribosome, organelles that translate the mRNA. 10. Ans: A A site of ribosome occupied by amino acyl- tRNA which act as a acceptor for the growing protein chain during peptide bond formation. P site of ribosome occupied by peptidyl- tRNA which carry the growing peptide chain.P site is also known as puromycin (antibiotic) sensitive site. E site, ribosomal site harboring decylated tRNA on transit out from the ribosome. 11. Ans: B DNA is a polymer of deoxyribonucleotides, carries genetic information for the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all living cells..

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Technology is advancing at an alarming rate. We now have more methods of interaction than ever before: phone, text, instant messenger, GPS, Skype, etc. Businesses today must be connected at multiple levels via multiple media in order to be competitive. Ponder and develop a strategy for future forensic applications in an increasingly digitalized and connected world. Discuss the challenges that these new media and technologies present to the forensic analyst and begin to frame some solutions. Solution Computer forensics is the practice of collecting, analysing and reporting on digital data in a way that is legally admissible. It can be used in the detection and prevention of crime and in any dispute where evidence is stored digitally. Computer forensics follows a similar process to other forensic disciplines, and faces similar issues. The phrase “digital forensics” invokes an image of law enforcement officers conducting criminal investigations. The breadth of digital forensics practices goes far beyond this narrow definition. Civil cases use forensic analysis. Large corporations and organizations use their own forensics groups to investigate internal issues, compliance, and insider threats that are rarely publicly released. Governments have forensic resources that are applied in many areas, such as military intelligence. Forensic Applications of New Analytical Technologies Multiply hyphenated techniques, such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with retention time locking (GC/MS/RTL), liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/MS/TOF), microfluidic-based capillary electrophoretic analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA/ICP/MS), are able to uncover forensically germane information by providing unprecedented levels of analytical selectivity and sensitivity, extracting genetic signatures from previously overlooked biological sources, and sequentially microdeconstructing samples so as to map the spatial variation and concentration of elemental constituents. These new ranges of information and rich data sets can contribute facts crucial to the reconstruction of events and thereby increase the probability of an accurate finding in the matters under investigation..

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Suppose a mutant fruit fly with blue eyes was recently discovered. It is later determined that the blue eye trait is recessive to the wild-type red eye trait. What is the most common way to represent the mutant and wild-type alleles? Choices are Mutant: Bl, bl Wild-type: Bl+ , re, bl+, or wt Solution A gene is a discrete unit of DNA that codes for a particular trait (e.g., eye color). Alternate forms of a gene (e.g., brown, blue, or white eyes) are called alleles and the allele’s physical location on a chromosome is its locus (pl... loci). The following are loci of various fruit fly traits: TABLE 26.Loci of some fruit fly traits. Traits beginning with a capital letter denote the allele is dominant. yellow body 0.0 Curly wings 6.1 purple eyes 54.5 HWrinkled wings 46.0 eyeless 0.2 Diploid organisms possessing the same allele at the same locus on each homologue are homozygous for that trait; whereas, those having different alleles at a particular locus are heterozygous. For genetics studies, it is important to know which alleles are present on each homologous chromosome—that is, the genotype. For example, a fruit fly with the purple-eye allele on both chromosome-3 homologues is homozygous for purple eyes and will physically show purple eyes (i.e., it will have the purple-eye phenotype). If, however, the fruit fly has the purple-eye allele on one chromosome and the normal, red-eye allele on its homologue, then it is heterozygous for eye color. The allele appearing in the phenotype of heterozygous individuals is the dominant allele and the one hidden in the heterozygous condition is the recessive allele. Red eyes are dominant over purple eyes; therefore, flies in the example above would have the red-eye phenotype, but have a heterozygous purple-eye genotype. Recessive traits are only expressed in homozygous genotypes..

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Students should research and identify an article on the subject of stakeholder mapping and its role as a critical tool for leaders. The article should discuss the purpose of stakeholder mapping and explain how it is used. Articles must come from a reputable source (no Twitter, Facebook or Wikipedia), be submitted a copy of or link to the article must be included in the submission. Students should write a paragraph on their thoughts about stakeholder mapping. Solution Stakeholders are individuals or organizations that will be affected in some significant way by the outcome of the evaluation process or that are affected by the performance of the intervention, or both. Not all stakeholders have the same stake in the interventions and it is important to recognize the level of influence each stakeholder has on the project and its evaluation. This information will guide the data-collection process and allow you to identify the stakeholders who will serve as the main sources of data for the evaluation. Stakeholder mapping in 4 steps When initally mapping stakeholders it is important to consider these questions:.

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Questions: 1. Research the Master Boot Record. Write a long paragraph and answer the following: a). How does this file play into the BIOS and its attempt to load the operating system? b). Can you think of a situation in which this knowledge would help diagnose a failure to boot? c).Why is it that the installation of Linux in a dual-boot configuration can cause problems for the Windows OS? 2. The use of solid state memory in lieu of a hard drive is starting to receive some attention. a). What benefits or drawbacks could crop up for this new type of secondary storage? b). In what way is solid state memory subject to the same failure as a hard drive? Solution A master boot record is a special sector of data at the very start of the device which is marked as bootable. It can reside on a hard disk partition, a CD / DVD, a pen drive or any other form of storage. The MBR is a small piece of executable code (usually micro instructions) that is executed at the startup by the system. The address of the MBR is fixed and during system startup, this location is accessed and read. If the MBR is found in this location, it is executed by the system, else error is thrown. The MBR primarily contains 2 things: Ans 1. Some BIOS use a different location like Compaq, which uses 0x07C0:0x0000. Although this resolves to the same memory location in read mode, it should be avoided. The Initial Program Loader (IPL) of the BIOS starts executing the MBR by passing control to this location. Prior to execution, it is setup with the following CPU registers: Ans 2..

Questions1. Research the Master Boot Record. Write a long paragra.pdf

Rahul04August

Problem Find the z-transform, in closed form, of the number sequence generated by sampling, every T seconds the function f(t) whose Laplace transform is given by F(s) = 2(1 - e^-5s)/s(s = 2), T = 1 s Solution F(s)=2(1-e^-5)/(s(s+2)) =(1-e^-5)(1/s-1/(s+2)) As we know: z=e^(sT)=e^s Henc . e^-5=z^-5 Z transform of 1/s=z/(z-1) Z transfrom of 1/(s+2)=z/(z-e^-2) F(z)=(1-z^-5)[z/(z-1)-z/(z-e^-2)] F(z)=(1-z^-5)z(1-e^-2)/[(z-1)(z-e^-2)].

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Rahul04August

Please give me as detailed as possible answers! I\'m really struggling to understand Moments and MLE methods, and my professor isn\'t very helpful :/ QUESTION 1: Use the MLE method to build estimators for the parameters of the following distributions: (a) Bernoulli (b) Exponential (c) Lognormal QUESTION2: Use the method of moments to build estimators for the parameters of the following distributions: (a) Bernoulli (b) Exponential (c) Lognormal Solution.

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Rahul04August

Overview In response to the variable effects of conservation efforts and loss of biodiversity, zoos began to turn their attention to the conservation of endangered species and wildlife in the 1970s and 1980s. Supporting conservation efforts became an important goal for the modern zoo. A major milestone towards this goal was the Convention on Biodiversity which was signed at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. As the modern zoo continues to focus its efforts towards conservation, it has been seen by many as a sort of “Noah’s Ark”, primarily focused on conserving the precious few endangered species. Unfortunately, genetic, ecosystem and economic issues have created challenges for the conservation model of the modern zoo. Read the following articles that expand on the conservation efforts of zoos and their use of technology towards this goal. Readings Keulartz, J. (2015). Captivity for Conservation? Zoos at a Crossroads. Accessed at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273902031_Captivity_for_Conservation_Zoos_at_a_C rossroads on August 13, 2016. Kobilinsky, D. New live cam technology might help conservation. Accessed at http://wildlife.org/new-live-cam-technology-might-help-conservation/ on August 13, 2016. Genetics Research has shown that zoos currently hold about 15% of the endangered land animals in captivity. There remains a continual struggle to breed these animals due to low numbers. A zoo’s ability to maintain enough genetic variability among individual species is impossible and space limitations prevent expansion to allow the influx of more animals. Economics The secondary goal for many zoos, that of reintroduction to the wild, also faces challenges due to the costs involved, from financial to ecological. Animals living in captivity often lose the necessary skills to survive in the wild once released. Ecosystems Lastly, the ecosystems into which the captive animals are eventually released are constantly changing. Many factors may have affected their previous habitat, preventing the animal’s chance at a successful re-introduction to the wild. Education and Technology Technology and education have also been identified as important components in maintaining the biodiversity of the natural world. Zoos are in a unique position to educate the public about conservation issues and they are continually looking for ways to convey this information to visitors. The Metro Richmond Zoo uses video cam technology to encourage cheetah conservation by streaming live footage of cheetah litters online. Viewers witness the day-to-day lives of the cheetah cubs without human interference or disturbance. Answer the following questions in complete sentences using an essay format. See the “SLP Assignment Expectations” for further directions on formatting and organization. Assignment Directions: Discuss how zoos have evolved over the last 50 years to become conservation centers. Incorporate the role of zoos in educating the public into your response. .

OverviewIn response to the variable effects of conservation effort.pdf

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Part I: Write a program that uses a function that takes in two integers as inputand returns a minimum value (using pass-by-value). (HINT: the prototype lookslike: int minimum(int num1, int num2); Part II: Modify your original program to include a function that take in fourintegers; two of which are passed-by-value, and the other two are passed-by-reference. The pass-by-reference integers are the min and max of the two pass-by-value integers. Find the min and max and \"return\" the values back to main.The prototype here is: void minmax(int &min, int &max, int num1, int num2); Solution Question1: #include using namespace std; int minimum(int num1, int num2); int main() { int num1, num2, min; cout<<\"Enter first number: \"; cin >> num1; cout<<\"Enter second number: \"; cin >> num2; min = minimum(num1, num2); cout<<\"The minimum number is \"<< min< using namespace std; void minmax(int &min, int &max, int num1, int num2); int main() { int num1, num2, min, max; cout<<\"Enter first number: \"; cin >> num1; cout<<\"Enter second number: \"; cin >> num2; minmax(min, max, num1, num2); cout<<\"The minimum number is \"<< min< num2){ min = num2; max = num1; } else{ min = num1; max = num1; } } Output: Enter first number: 6 Enter second number: 5 The minimum number is 5 The maximum number is 6 sh-4.3$ g++ -std=c++11 -o main *.cpp sh-4.3$ main Enter first number: 4 Enter second number: 5 The minimum number is 4.

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Math 1140 Test 1 Exercise # 4: According to pew Research, 50% of adults and 75% of teenagers were using a social networking were using a social networking site in early 2012. Most of that activity was on Facebook. Let\'s assume these probabilities apply strictly to Facebook. (After all, my space is empty, right?) Among a group of 10 people, what\'s the probability that a) At least one of the people was not on Facebook if they were all adults? to b) At least one of the people was not on Facebook if they were all teenagers? Solution.

Math 1140 Test 1 Exercise # 4 According to pew Research, 50 of adul.pdf

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Is a trisomic organism best described as an aneuploid or a polyploid? Briefly explain. Solution A trisomic organism is the result of aneuploidism. Aneuploid organisms differ in the chromosome number with wild type by one or two chromosomes. For example if 2n is the normal genotype of wild strain, then in trisomic organism, the genotype would be 2n+1. Non dysjunction during mitosis or meiosis is the most common cause of aneuploid organisms. If it is 2n-1,it is nullisomic..

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Histology is the study of the tissues of the body and how these tissues are arranged to constitute organs. Stop and Think: In order to study tissues, how would you divide the vast field of histology into two interacting components? What kinds of organ systems might be present in all tissues? Solution The vast field of histology can be divided into two interacting components which are cells and the extra cellular matrix. Cells are the structural and functional unit of life. Some substances secreted by cells form the extra cellular matrix that serve to provide structural and biochemical support to these cells. All tissues types (epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues) have blood..

Histology is the study of the tissues of the body and how these tissu.pdf

Rahul04August

How many different kinds of computer networks can you recognize? Solution Computer Networks may be defined as the connection of several devices With each other in order to form a communication between each other. In order to provide such type of communication we require some cables, devices such as routers, switchs. Both router and switch have got different functionality for creation and role in network. We know we have got different type of network like LAN WAN and MAN. If you have small office or building then you can set up LAN connectivity where many computers are connected with the help of switch holding different IPaddress in same network. If u have class type room then you probably can have one switch that can connect many different PCs together with the help of private IP address that you can assign on each PCs. You can each creat DHCP SERVER with the help of which each IP will be assigned automatically to every computer without assigning them one by one. Now there are different type of computer networks that we can see. Like LAN local area network, WAN wide area network, MAN metropolitan area network, distributes networks, VANET vehicular ad hoc networks, MANET mobile ad hoc networks. Every network depends upon the range and distance of network when established. We have network that are connected throughout the world which forms WAN that means every node which are in network are connected publicly that means each node is given an public IP address which ISP Provides us. If we are talking about LAN then each node is connected through private IP address. Every network in the world is connected through ISP internet service providers with the help of routers thus forms an Internet..

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How does herbivory on seeds and fruits differ from herbivory on leaves and stems of plants? Can both of these types of herbivory result in positive interaction between the plant and it\'s herbivore? How does herbivory on seeds and fruits differ from herbivory on leaves and stems of plants? Can both of these types of herbivory result in positive interaction between the plant and it\'s herbivore? Solution herbivory on leaves and stems- Plants have many external structural defenses that discourage herbivory. Depending on the herbivore’s physical characteristics (i.e. size and defensive armor), plant structural defenses on stems and leaves can deter, injure, or kill the grazer. Some defensive compounds are produced internally but are released onto the plant’s surface; for example, resins, lignins, silica, and wax cover the epidermis of terrestrial plants and alter the texture of the plant tissue. The leaves of holly plants, for instance, are very smooth and slippery making feeding difficult. Some plants produce gummosis or sap that traps insects. A plant\'s leaves and stem may be covered with sharp prickles, spines, thorns, or trichomes- hairs on the leaf often with barbs, sometimes containing irritants or poisons. Plant structural features like spines and thorns reduce feeding by large ungulate herbivores (e.g. kudu, impala, and goats) by restricting the herbivores\' feeding rate, or by wearing down the molars.Raphides are sharp needles of calcium oxalate or calcium carbonate in plant tissues, making ingestion painful, damaging a herbivore\'s mouth and gullet and causing more efficient delivery of the plant\'s toxins. The structure of a plant, its branching and leaf arrangement may also be evolved to reduce herbivore impact. herbivory on seeds and fruits- Coconut palms protect their fruit by surrounding it with multiple layers of armor. Trees such as coconut and other palms, may protect their fruit by multiple layers of armor, needing efficient tools to break through to the seed contents, and special skills to climb the tall and relatively smooth trunk..

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