2. DIFFRERENT FOOD ITEMS WE EAT
IN DAILY LIFE
• In India a meal generally consists of chapati(tortilla), dal, various curries, rice,
sambhar, meat and vegetables and various other things.
• There are many states in India where different types of food items are eaten
according to their cultures.
• In northern part's like Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Gujarat and
Madhya Pradesh dishes like chole bhature, rogan josh, dal bati, chaat and many
more things are eaten
• In southern parts like Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil nadu, Kerala, Karnataka
dishes like dosa, idlis, vadas, uttapams, banana chips and biryani are eaten.
3. WHAT DO DIFFERENT FOOD ITEMS
CONTAIN
The ingredients needed by our body for
growth and function are called nutrients.
The major nutrients needed by our body
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and
minerals and in addition the food also
contains dietary fibers and water which are
also very essential for our body.
4. TESTING OF CARBOHYDRATES
There are many types of
carbohydrates but the
carbohydrates found in
our body are starch and
sugars.
For testing the presence
starch and sugars we will
require solutions of iodine,
copper sulphate, and
caustic soda.
Take a small quantity of
food item
Put 2-3 drops of dilute
iodine solution on it.
If the food item turns
black then it contains
starch and if does not
turns then it doe not
contain starch.
5. TESTING OF PROTEIN
Take a small quantity of food item.
We need to make a paste or powder of the food item.
Add 10 drops of water and shake it well.
Now using a dropper, add 2 drops of copper sulphate and ten drops of solution of caustic soda to the food item.
If it turns in violet color then it has protein
6. TESTING OF FATS
Take small
quantity of food
item.
Fold it in a piece
of paper or
Crush it and then
observe that
the tissue paper
have an oily
patch.
If it has a oil
patch then it
contains fats.
7. WHAT DO VARIOUS NUTRIENTS DO
FOR OUR BODY
• Fats and carbohydrates provides us energy and are also called energy giving food.
• Proteins are needed for growth and repair of our body and are often called body
building foods.
• Vitamin A keeps our skin and eyes healthy.
• Vitamin C helps body to fight against various diseases.
• Vitamin D helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth and gums.
• Minerals are needed in small quantities by our body .
• Our body also needs dietary fibers and water also an they are also called as
roughage.
8. • Whole grains, pulses, potatoes, fresh fruits and vegetables are main sources of
roughage.
• Water helps to absorb nutrients from foods and also helps to throw out some wastes
from body as urine and sweat.
• Vitamins are classified as either fat soluble (vitamins A, D, E and K) or water soluble
(vitamins B and C).
• This difference between the two groups is very important. It determines how each
vitamin acts within the body. The fat soluble vitamins are soluble in lipids (fats).
9. BALANCED DIET
• The diet that contains adequate amount of nutrients, minerals and roughage in it is
called a balanced diet.
• Pulses, groundnut, soya bean, sprouted leaves, fermented foods, a combination of
flours, spinach jaggery provide many nutrients.
• We know that cooking of food makes the taste of food better and making it easier
to digest but it also results in the loss of certain nutrients.
• Too much eating of fat rich foods may end up suffering from condition called
obesity.
10. DEFICIENCY DISEASES
• If a person does not get a necessary nutrient for a longer period of time it would
cause deficiency diseases.
• If a person does not get protein for a long period of time then he is liked to have
stunted growth, swelling of face, discoloration of hair, skin diseases and diarrhea.
• If the diet is deficient in both carbohydrates and fats then the growth may stop,
such person becomes very weak and thin and he may also not be able to move
on his own.
