Explain why conditions that cause destruction ibB lymphocytes and .pdf

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Explain why conditions that cause destruction ibB lymphocytes and / or T lymphocytes cause malfunctioning of both the specific and nonspecific immune responses. Solution B lymphocytes are essential for formation of antibodies against foreign antigen found in the circulation. Where as The lymphocytes are essential to mediate the immune response strongly between cell mediate and humoral immunity systems. Here B cell regulates cell specific or antigen specific and T cells showing nonspecific immune response..

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What is a test cross and why is it used What technology is essential.pdf

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What are homologous traits? a. Traits that are functional and adaptive in one species but are not functional in another species. b. Traits that were originally selected for one function and then co- opted for a different function. c. Traits that are found in two or more species because these species live in similar environments and independently evolved the traits due to shared selective pressures. d. Traits that are found in two or more species because these species have inherited this trait from their common ancestor. Solution The correct answer is D. Traits that are found in two or more species because these species have inherited this trait from their common ancestor..

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The Vietnam War Era Discuss the range of American responses to the war. How did they change over time? How did domestic political concerns shape the country\'s response to the war? How did the war shape domestic politics in the 1960s and early 1970s? Reference: Goldfield, D. R., & In Wheeler, R. A. (2014). The American journey: A history of the United States, Combined Volume (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Solution In the United States, a nationwide debate ensued over participation in the war. The government\'s official position was that it was involved in Vietnam at the request of the government of South Vietnam and was helping to repel Communist aggression from the north. Its only avowed objective was to secure a settlement that would allow the people of Vietnam to decide their own form of government. To achieve this end, it was using only carefully controlled military measures so as not to take innocent lives or bring about active participation by China or the Soviet Union. As United States involvement continued, however, Americans grew increasingly dissatisfied with their nation\'s war policy. Some, described as \"hawks,\" argued that the United States should use maximum military force to gain a quick victory. Others, called \"doves,\" argued that the conflict in Vietnam was essentially a civil war in which the United States had no right to interfere. Some of the doves demanded immediate American withdrawal, while others called for a gradual disengagement from the war. Some critics of the war charged that American use of bombers and of artillery was too indiscriminate and that many innocent civilians had perished. The revelation that United States troops in 1968 had massacred the entire population of My Lai, an enemy-held village, caused much controversy over the way in which the war was being fought. Demonstrations were held in the United States, especially in 1969 and 1970, to protest the war. As the Vietnam War progressed, it lost much support from Americans because it was clear to many that it was not justified. This caused for the country to view war as destructive, and brought about a peace movement that is mostly associated with the decade of the 1960\'s but lasted until the late 1980\'s..

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t hether each of the following statements are true or false: T F Stoke\'s Law can be used to model the oxygen sag curve T F Phosphorus is more often a limiting nutrient than nitrogen T F Hardness is more often a problem in surface water than in groundwater T F BODs measures CBOD, not NBOD T F The amount of available substrate will affect the biomass growth rate cons 2. [4 points] Lis t two advantages and two disadvantages of chlorination as a disinfection method. 3. [4 points] Explain the main advantage and disadvantage of combined sewer systems. secondary clarification in wastewater treatment. Consider removal mechanism(s) and the main constituent(s) to be removed. 4. [4 points) List one similarity and one difference between primary sedimentation and Solution 2. Advantages of Chlorination - Residual chlorine helps in disinfection against further contamination throughout the flow of water through pipes and at the time of usage. -relatively cheap ,simple,reiable and quick Disadvantages of Chlorination -imparts a peculiar taste to the water -toxic to aquatic life -chlorine is corosive 3. Advantages -stormwater and wastewater are managed together -use of runoff for wastewater transportation is helpful in water conservation -moderate costs -health risk and insect problems are reduced by dilution of wastewater Disadvantages -Installation cost is high because of larger size sewers. -Not suitable for areas of unpredictably varying storms. -Larger sized and more efficient pump and pipe systems needed. -Expertise is required for design. 4. Similarity- Sedimentation by gravity is used for settling of matter within a given settling time. Difference: Primary clarifier mainly removes suspended impurities and in secondary clarifier microbes are removed by settlement..

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Need help answering these. Underline the correct answer The fundamental purpose of communication is the _________ of data between two parties. processing exchange mining sorting Which of the following is not a communication task searching routing synchronization flow control In the TCP IP architecture, which of the following layer is responsible for routing. Transport layer Physical layer Application layer Interne layer How many bits are used in the IP addresses of IPv4? 16 20 32 40 Determine whether the following statements are true or false Transmitter coverts data into signal suitable for transmission media. In a packet switching network, the packets can arrive out of sequence. The internet layer of the TC P/IP architecture is implemented not only in the end systems but also in the routers. There is a unique IP address for each host. Write one similarity and one difference between TCP and UDP. Solution Answer: Section - I 3) Internet Layer is responsible for routing in the TCP/IP architecture. 4) 32 bits are used in the IP addresses of IPv4 Section - II 2. In a packet switching network, the packets can arrive out of sequence True..

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Origins of psychology When did it begin as a science? 1879 * • What is an empirical question? * • Nature vs. nurture ABC’s of Psychology – what does each letter stand for? Historical perspectives – what are the key features of each? * • Structuralism * • Functionalism * • Psychoanalytic * • Behaviorism Modern perspectives – what are the key features of each? * • Humanism (Positive) * • Cognitive * • Biopsychological (Neuroscience) * • Sociocultural * • Evolutionary Types of professionals in psychology – what are the differences? * • Psychologist vs. psychiatrist vs. psychiatric social worker Areas of specialization in psychology – know what each covers, in general * • Developmental * • Social * • Educational * • Health * • Physiological * • Experimental * • Cognitive * • Psychometrics * • Abnormal Study skills * • What are the basics? Critical thinking * • What does it involve? Scientific method * • Why do we use it? * • What are the five steps? * • Know these terms: * o Hypothesis * o Variables * o Operational definition Conducting research * o Descriptive methods – know the key features, what each is used for, its benefits and drawbacks * o Natural observation * Observer effect * Participant observation * o Laboratory observation * o Case Study * o Survey * Self-report and social desirability * Representative sample – what does this mean? Correlations – define these terms and be ready to apply these concepts to situations * • Positive, negative, no correlation * • Correlation coefficient – what is the range of possible numbers? * • What’s the big warning about correlations? Experimental methods – understand these terms and identify them in situations * • Variables: Independent and dependent – know the difference * • Groups – how do they differ? * o Experimental * o Control * • Problems & Solution s * o Experimenter bias * o Placebo effect * o Random assignment * o Single-blind and double-blind studies Ethics in research – basic guidelines * • Human subjects * • Animals Neuroscience is the study of what? Neurons – what are they? * • Name the different parts * o How they look, what they do * • Types – what does each type do? * o Sensory, motor, interneurons * • Terminology - know these * o Resting/Action potential * o Synapse * o Reuptake * o Reflex arc Glia: the other brain cells * • What is their role? Neurotransmitters * • Recognize the names * • What do they do? Neural communication * • Electrical impulse travels down the neuron’s axon through a series of action potentials * • When the impulse reaches the axon ending, the message becomes chemical * • Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse * • They are received through specific receptor sites in the post-synaptic neuron * • This continues through a long string of neurons until the message reaches its destination, the brain or other organs or muscles The Nervous System * • Central NS (name the 2 parts) * • Peripheral NS (covers what parts of the body?) * o Somatic NS * Sensory path.

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I am stuck on parts E and F Exercise 1: NumberListTester.java Class NumberList implements a simple list of Integers, using an ArrayList. NumberListTester generates 10 random, positive, 2-digit ints, and adds them to the list. It then calls method printList which prints the items on the list. Run the program until you understand what it does. a. Write the body of the method printReversed, which prints the list items in reverse order. Add a statement in main to call printReversed after the call to printList. Check ______ b. Write the body of the method printEveryOther, which prints every other item on the list, beginning with the first one. In main, replace the statement that calls printReversed with one that calls printEveryOther. Check ______ c. Write the body of the method printEvens, which prints all the even-numbered ints on the list. In main, replace the statement that calls printEveryOther with one that calls printEvens. Check ______ All this printing is getting a bit tedious. Let\'s try some more fun operations. d. 0. Add a new ArrayList-of-integer instance variable called bigList to the NumberList class Add a statement to the NumberList constructor that creates an empty ArrayList object pointed to by bigList Delete the call to printEvens from main. Write the body of the method splitList, which copies all ints that are greater than or equal to 50 from aList to bigList. Add a method to the NumberList class to print bigList. Add a sequence of method calls in main to verify that the splitList method is working correctly. I.e., after calling splitList, call again the method that prints the original list and then call the method you wrote in step 4 to print the bigList. Check _____ E. Add a method insert to the NumberList class that takes two parameters of type int. The first parameter is the index at which to insert a new number into the list, and the second is the number to be inserted. E.g., if the first param is 4 and the second is 37, then 37 will be inserted at index 4 in aList (i.e., as the new 5th list element). The number inserted does not replace the number currently at that position, but is inserted just before it. Hint: The ArrayList class has a method that does exactly this. Call that method from your insert method. Now add statements to main to allow the user to specify the number to insert and the position at which to insert it. Then, after inserting the new number, print the updated list. Check _____ F. Finally, add code to your insert method that will assure that an IndexOutOfBoundsException cannot be thrown. I.e., your insert method should just print an appropriate error message if the first parameter --- the index at which to insert the new Integer --- is illegal. Hint: What are the legal indices for an ArrayList? What is the smallest? What is the largest? What about the special case of inserting a new value at the end of the list? Try it! Check _____ MY CODE SO FAR: import java.util.ArrayList ; import java.util.Random ; /.

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How does differ from evolution systematic? Only cladistics traces evolution relationship and construct classifies that reflects these relationship. Only evolution systematic recognizes that organisms must be compared using specific characters. Only cladistics rigorously defines the kinds of homologies that yields the most useful information. Only clasdictics uses homologous traits to trace to apply evolution relationship Why is the paleospcc.es concept more difficult to apply to organisms than the biological and the ecological species concepts? Because reproductive isolation cannot be studied directly Because ecological distinction are difficult to impossible be past environments Because neither exclusive mating nor ecological separators are usually accessible us fossil specimens. Because homologous Waits are rarely expressed In fossil specimens Parapatric specification is characterized by? Complete reproductive isolation of two populations Partial reproductive isolation of two populations. No reproductive isolation of two populations. Complete ecologic niche separation of two species What is the age of the oldest known fossil found on Earth 3.8 billion years. 3.5 billion years. 2 billion years. 520 million years. Taphonomy is the study of: What happens to organic matter after death. How bones mineralize during fossilization. The rules of classification. Ancestral traits In closely related species. When general and specialized traits of organisms are considered in evolution it is important to recognize that only a generalized ancestor can profit from the flexible evolutionary basis for rapid diversification Which of the following animals is an appropriate example for a highly specialized placental mammal that is structurally to a narrow, rodent/woodpecker-like econiche: The duck-billed platypus. The wallaby. The white-tailed deer. The aye-aye of Madagascar. Solution 41. B. Partial reproductive isolation of two populations. Parapatric speciation occurs when populations are separated not by a geographical barrier, such as a body of water, but by an extreme change in habitat. While populations in these areas may interbreed, they often develop distinct characteristics and lifestyles. Reproductive isolation in these cases is not geographic but rather temporal or behavioral. 42. B. 3.5 billion years. The oldest known fossils, are cyanobacteria from Archaean rocks of western Australia, dated 3.5 billion years old. 43. B. How bones mineralize during fossilization. Taphonomy is the branch of palaeontology that deals with the processes of fossilization. 44. C. The aye aye of Madagascar. From an ecological point of view the aye-aye fills the niche of a woodpecker, as it is capable of penetrating wood to extract the invertebrates within..

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Giving your lawn more nutrients than it can absorb, can cause pollution of streams rivers, takes and oceans as the nutrients are washed out of the True False Solution Considering nitrogen, phosphate, and potash (NPK). All these when used in lawn would promote growth of the plants but an excess use may cause problems.Excessive amount of nitrogen and phosphorus run off from the soil into the water bodies causing eutrophication which results into excessive growth of algae and results into algal bloom. This can deplete bottom dwelling organisms from nutrients and sunlight. Thus, causing water pollution..

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Exercise 5. Let L Q5 Q5 e the linear operator defined by a, b, c, d, e) E (2a e, -a 2b, c 3d, -2c d, a-b 2e) Part 1 (1.1) Find the number k such that e1, L (e1), LR-1 (e1) are l.i., but L (e1) is linearly dependent to e1, L -1 (e) (1.2) Write a basis for the cyclic subspace of e 1, i.e. Ce1. (1.3) Write L3(e1) as a linear combination of e1, L(e1), L (e1) (1.4) rite its companion matriz, i.e write the matriz representing Cer with re spect to the basis e1, L(e1),..., LK-1(e1) Solution L[U]=L*U=V.

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Do the data shown in the boxplot below have a greater amount of variability within levels A, B, C, and D or between the four levels? Explain. Solution By inspection, we see that the 4 intervals pretty much coincide. Thus, there is small variability between levels. Also, we see that the intervals are quite long. Thus, there is great variability within the level. Thus, there is greater variability WITHIN LEVELS than between levels. [ANSWER].

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Demonstrate your understanding of tree data structure: Write a Java program in pseudo code to accomplish the following tasks: Identify and display the number of files in the current directory where the file is located. Solution import java.io.File; public class CurrentDirectory { public static void main(String[] args) { File currentDir = new File(\"\").getAbsoluteFile(); File[] listOfFiles = currentDir.listFiles(); int count = 0; for (int i = 0; i < listOfFiles.length; i++) { if (listOfFiles[i].isFile()) { System.out.println(\"File \" + listOfFiles[i].getName()); count++; } else if (listOfFiles[i].isDirectory()) { System.out.println(\"Directory \" + listOfFiles[i].getName()); } } System.out .println(\"Number of files in the current directory: \" + count); } } OUTPUT: File .classpath File .project File babynamerank2006.txt Directory bin Directory src Number of files in the current directory: 3.

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advantages and disadvantages of metro(or)MRT advantages and disadvantages of metro(or)MRT Solution Adavantages: * It can hold so many people * Road traffic will be reduced(eases congestion) * Pollution levels in the city will be controlled because of less rod traffic * Possibility of accidents is very low * Modernity Disdvantges: * Construction cost is very high * Can not construct where ever we want * Low population cities are not feasible * Disruption is another disadvantage.

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2.4. What are the differences between analogue and digital instruments? What advantages do digital instruments have over analogue ones? Solution Advantages of digital over analog instruments: 1) They are very easy to read. 2) Since there are very few moving parts in the electronic instruments, they are usually more accurate than theanalogue instruments. Even the human error involved in reading these instruments is very less, which adds to the accuracy of digital instruments. 3) The electronic items tend to be cheaper than the mechanical items. 4) The data from the instruments can be recorded for future reference. 5) The output of the digital devices can be obtained in the computerANALOG INSTRUMENTSDIGITAL INSTRUMENTS1.Signals in continuous fashion,gives infinite no of values in given periodIt gives finite values in given period of time2.These occupy more spaceoccupies less space3.Accuracy is poorAccuracy is good4.Chance of parallox errorno such problem5.More chances of error due to operatorvery less6.Not effects with temperatureThese are effected by temperature.

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