Exercise 5. Let L Q5 Q5 e the linear operator defined by a, b, c, d, .pdf
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Exercise 5. Let L Q5 Q5 e the linear operator defined by a, b, c, d, e) E (2a e, -a 2b, c 3d, -2c d, a-b 2e) Part 1 (1.1) Find the number k such that e1, L (e1), LR-1 (e1) are l.i., but L (e1) is linearly dependent to e1, L -1 (e) (1.2) Write a basis for the cyclic subspace of e 1, i.e. Ce1. (1.3) Write L3(e1) as a linear combination of e1, L(e1), L (e1) (1.4) rite its companion matriz, i.e write the matriz representing Cer with re spect to the basis e1, L(e1),..., LK-1(e1) Solution L[U]=L*U=V.
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![Exercise 5. Let L Q5 Q5 e the linear operator defined by a, b, c, d, e) E (2a e, -a 2b, c 3d, -2c d,
a-b 2e) Part 1 (1.1) Find the number k such that e1, L (e1), LR-1 (e1) are l.i., but L (e1) is
linearly dependent to e1, L -1 (e) (1.2) Write a basis for the cyclic subspace of e 1, i.e. Ce1. (1.3)
Write L3(e1) as a linear combination of e1, L(e1), L (e1) (1.4) rite its companion matriz, i.e write
the matriz representing Cer with re spect to the basis e1, L(e1),..., LK-1(e1)
Solution
L[U]=L*U=V](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exercise5-230706230310-f7acdfe7/85/Exercise-5-Let-L-Q5-Q5-e-the-linear-operator-defined-by-a-b-c-d-pdf-1-320.jpg)
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******OUTPUT******
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* o Somatic NS
* Sensory path.
Listings for BinaryHeap.java and BinaryHeapTest.java are shown in th.pdf
Listings for BinaryHeap.java and BinaryHeapTest.java are shown in the menu at left
Everything in the BinaryHeap class has been written except the add and remove methods, which
you must write:
First, implement add, then run the test class and observe the testAdd results
Next, implement remove, then run the test class and observe the testRemove results
testAdd and testRemove should both run without errors
Note:
A comp object implementing the Comparator interface is passed to the binary heap\'s
constructor. You will need to use the comp object\'s compare method when making comparisons
in the add and remove operations.
The parent, leftChild, and rightChild methods in BinaryHeapTest are for testing purposes only,
and should not be used to implement add and remove
Solution
BinaryHeapTest.java
import java.util.Comparator;
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
public class BinaryHeapTest {
/**
* A binary heap of Integer objects
*/
private BinaryHeap bh;
/**
* Some Integer nodes for testing
*/
private Integer n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9, n10;
/**
* An object for comparing Integer nodes
*/
private Comparator comp;
public BinaryHeapTest() {
comp = new Comparator() {
public int compare(Integer t, Integer t1) {
return t.compareTo(t1);
}
};
bh = new BinaryHeap(10, comp);
n1 = new Integer(1);
n2 = new Integer(2);
n3 = new Integer(3);
n4 = new Integer(4);
n5 = new Integer(5);
n6 = new Integer(6);
n7 = new Integer(7);
n8 = new Integer(8);
n9 = new Integer(9);
n10 = new Integer(10);
}
@Test
public void testAdd() {
buildHeap();
assertTrue(leftChild(n1) == n2);
assertTrue(rightChild(n1) == n5);
assertTrue(leftChild(n2) == n4);
assertTrue(rightChild(n2) == n3);
assertTrue(leftChild(n5) == n9);
assertTrue(rightChild(n5) == n6);
assertTrue(leftChild(n4) == n10);
assertTrue(rightChild(n4) == n7);
assertTrue(leftChild(n3) == n8);
assertTrue(rightChild(n3) == null);
assertTrue(leftChild(n9) == null);
assertTrue(rightChild(n9) == null);
assertTrue(leftChild(n6) == null);
assertTrue(rightChild(n6) == null);
assertTrue(parent(n10) == n4);
assertTrue(parent(n7) == n4);
assertTrue(parent(n8) == n3);
assertTrue(parent(n4) == n2);
assertTrue(parent(n3) == n2);
assertTrue(parent(n9) == n5);
assertTrue(parent(n6) == n5);
assertTrue(parent(n2) == n1);
assertTrue(parent(n5) == n1);
assertTrue(parent(n1) == null);
}
/**
* An auxiliary method that builds a heap that should look like:
*
* 1
* / \\
* 2 5
* / \\ / \\
* 4 3 9 6
* / \\ /
* 10 7 8
*/
private void buildHeap() {
bh.clear();
assertTrue(bh.isEmpty());
bh.add(n10);
bh.add(n9);
bh.add(n8);
bh.add(n7);
bh.add(n6);
bh.add(n5);
bh.add(n4);
bh.add(n3);
bh.add(n2);
bh.add(n1);
assertTrue(bh.size() == 10);
}
@Test
public void testRemove() {
buildHeap();
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n1);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n2);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n3);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n4);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n5);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n6);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n7);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n8);
assertTru.
In hypothesis testing, what is a Type I error Type II errorSol.pdf
In hypothesis testing, what is a Type I error? Type II error?
Solution
In testing of hypothesis,
{Type I error} is the error committed due torejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.
{Type II error} is the error byaccepting a null hypothesis when it is false.
REMARK: It is obvious that Type I error is more serious than Type II error..
I am stuck on parts E and FExercise 1 NumberListTester.java.pdf
I am stuck on parts E and F
Exercise 1: NumberListTester.java
Class NumberList implements a simple list of Integers, using an ArrayList. NumberListTester
generates 10 random, positive, 2-digit ints, and adds them to the list. It then calls method
printList which prints the items on the list.
Run the program until you understand what it does.
a. Write the body of the method printReversed, which prints the list items in reverse order. Add a
statement in main to call printReversed after the call to printList.
Check ______
b. Write the body of the method printEveryOther, which prints every other item on the list,
beginning with the first one. In main, replace the statement that calls printReversed with one
that calls printEveryOther.
Check ______
c. Write the body of the method printEvens, which prints all the even-numbered ints on the list.
In main, replace the statement that calls printEveryOther with one that calls printEvens.
Check ______
All this printing is getting a bit tedious. Let\'s try some more fun operations.
d. 0. Add a new ArrayList-of-integer instance variable called bigList to the NumberList class
Add a statement to the NumberList constructor that creates an empty ArrayList object pointed to
by bigList
Delete the call to printEvens from main.
Write the body of the method splitList, which copies all ints that are greater than or equal to 50
from aList to bigList.
Add a method to the NumberList class to print bigList.
Add a sequence of method calls in main to verify that the splitList method is working correctly.
I.e., after calling splitList, call again the method that prints the original list and then call the
method you wrote in step 4 to print the bigList.
Check _____
E. Add a method insert to the NumberList class that takes two parameters of type int. The first
parameter is the index at which to insert a new number into the list, and the second is the number
to be inserted. E.g., if the first param is 4 and the second is 37, then 37 will be inserted at index
4 in aList (i.e., as the new 5th list element). The number inserted does not replace the number
currently at that position, but is inserted just before it.
Hint: The ArrayList class has a method that does exactly this. Call that method from your insert
method.
Now add statements to main to allow the user to specify the number to insert and the position at
which to insert it. Then, after inserting the new number, print the updated list.
Check _____
F. Finally, add code to your insert method that will assure that an IndexOutOfBoundsException
cannot be thrown. I.e., your insert method should just print an appropriate error message if the
first parameter --- the index at which to insert the new Integer --- is illegal.
Hint: What are the legal indices for an ArrayList? What is the smallest? What is the largest?
What about the special case of inserting a new value at the end of the list? Try it!
Check _____
MY CODE SO FAR:
import java.util.ArrayList ;
import java.util.Random ;
/.
How does differ from evolution systematic Only cladistics traces e.pdf
How does differ from evolution systematic? Only cladistics traces evolution relationship and
construct classifies that reflects these relationship. Only evolution systematic recognizes that
organisms must be compared using specific characters. Only cladistics rigorously defines the
kinds of homologies that yields the most useful information. Only clasdictics uses homologous
traits to trace to apply evolution relationship Why is the paleospcc.es concept more difficult to
apply to organisms than the biological and the ecological species concepts? Because
reproductive isolation cannot be studied directly Because ecological distinction are difficult to
impossible be past environments Because neither exclusive mating nor ecological separators are
usually accessible us fossil specimens. Because homologous Waits are rarely expressed In fossil
specimens Parapatric specification is characterized by? Complete reproductive isolation of two
populations Partial reproductive isolation of two populations. No reproductive isolation of two
populations. Complete ecologic niche separation of two species What is the age of the oldest
known fossil found on Earth 3.8 billion years. 3.5 billion years. 2 billion years. 520 million
years. Taphonomy is the study of: What happens to organic matter after death. How bones
mineralize during fossilization. The rules of classification. Ancestral traits In closely related
species. When general and specialized traits of organisms are considered in evolution it is
important to recognize that only a generalized ancestor can profit from the flexible evolutionary
basis for rapid diversification Which of the following animals is an appropriate example for a
highly specialized placental mammal that is structurally to a narrow, rodent/woodpecker-like
econiche: The duck-billed platypus. The wallaby. The white-tailed deer. The aye-aye of
Madagascar.
Solution
41. B. Partial reproductive isolation of two populations.
Parapatric speciation
occurs when populations are separated not by a geographical barrier, such as a body of water, but
by an extreme change in habitat. While populations in these areas may interbreed, they often
develop distinct characteristics and lifestyles. Reproductive isolation in these cases is not
geographic but rather temporal or behavioral.
42. B. 3.5 billion years.
The oldest known fossils, are cyanobacteria from Archaean rocks of western Australia, dated 3.5
billion years old.
43. B. How bones mineralize during fossilization.
Taphonomy is the branch of palaeontology that deals with the processes of fossilization.
44. C. The aye aye of Madagascar.
From an ecological point of view the aye-aye fills the niche of a woodpecker, as it is capable of
penetrating wood to extract the invertebrates within..
Giving your lawn more nutrients than it can absorb, can cause polluti.pdf
Giving your lawn more nutrients than it can absorb, can cause pollution of streams rivers, takes
and oceans as the nutrients are washed out of the True False
Solution
Considering nitrogen, phosphate, and potash (NPK). All these when used in lawn would promote
growth of the plants but an excess use may cause problems.Excessive amount of nitrogen and
phosphorus run off from the soil into the water bodies causing eutrophication which results into
excessive growth of algae and results into algal bloom. This can deplete bottom dwelling
organisms from nutrients and sunlight. Thus, causing water pollution..
Explain why conditions that cause destruction ibB lymphocytes and .pdf
Explain why conditions that cause destruction ibB lymphocytes and / or T lymphocytes cause
malfunctioning of both the specific and nonspecific immune responses.
Solution
B lymphocytes are essential for formation of antibodies against foreign antigen found in the
circulation. Where as The lymphocytes are essential to mediate the immune response strongly
between cell mediate and humoral immunity systems. Here B cell regulates cell specific or
antigen specific and T cells showing nonspecific immune response..
Do the data shown in the boxplot below have a greater amount of vari.pdf
Do the data shown in the boxplot below have a greater amount of variability within levels A, B,
C, and D or between the four levels? Explain.
Solution
By inspection, we see that the 4 intervals pretty much coincide. Thus, there is small variability
between levels.
Also, we see that the intervals are quite long. Thus, there is great variability within the level.
Thus, there is greater variability WITHIN LEVELS than between levels. [ANSWER].
Architectural Innovation The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Te.pdf
Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure
of Established Firms\" defines four types of innovations: incremental, modular, architectural, and
radical. Established and stable firms are inherently organized such that incremental and modular
innovations are successfully handled. Radical innovations are easily recognized and are managed
accordingly by forming specialty design groups to develop them. Architectural innovations use
existing core design concepts in a new architecture that have a significant impact on the
relationships between components than on the technologies of the components themselves.
Architectural innovations are often mistaken for incremental innovations. Management needs to
be able to identify architectural innovations such that proper resources are allotted and design
groups are restructured.
Questions
How are component versus architectural knowledge managed inside an organization?
How do you identify an architectural innovation?
How do you allocate existing resources to develop an architectural innovation successfully?
Solution
(1) Answer:- Component knowledge is very useful for organization . Component knowledge is
the knowledge that relates to a subroutine or discrete aspect of an organization’s operations. It is
knowledge that relates to parts or components rather than the whole.
Architectural knowledge, conversely, relates to the whole that is, to organization-wide routines
and schemas for coordinating the various components of the organization and putting them to
productive use.
(2) Answer:- We can identify architectural innovation in organization by help of this.
Architectural innovation is useful and needs to be applied in the new product, but some of what it
knows is not only not useful but may actually handicap the firm.
(3) Answer:- Architectural innovation presents established firms with a more subtle challenge.
Architectural innovation is embedded in channels, filters, and strategies, the discovery process
and the process of creating new information usually takes time..
Discuss the major capabilities of DBMS and why is a relational DBMS .pdf
Discuss the major capabilities of DBMS and why is a relational DBMS so powerful?
Solution
DBMS :-
DBMS is a software or tool which can be used for managing and maintaining the data within the
database.
Major Capabilities of DBMS :-
1.Data Storage
2.Data Retrieval
3.Data Update
4.Security
5.Data Independence
Explanation :-
Generally a person has to work with huge amount of information everyday. Inorder to interact
with the large amount of data we need a system where we can store, manipulate, security,
sharing the information all over the world. It is a core reason the industries are maintaining
database management tools.
A relational DBMS is so powerful. Because :-
* In RDBMS model the data will be stored in the form of tabular format. where as table is
nothing but a collection of rows and columns.
* RDBMS model will provide high level security by using authentication and autherisation.
* RDBMS maintains accurate and consistency of the data with the help of data integrity
mechanism.
* RDBMS supports the data manipulations by using DML commands.
* RDBMS provides faster rate retrieving the data by using index mechanism..
Demonstrate your understanding of tree data structure Write a Java .pdf
Demonstrate your understanding of tree data structure: Write a Java program in pseudo code to
accomplish the following tasks: Identify and display the number of files in the current directory
where the file is located.
Solution
import java.io.File;
public class CurrentDirectory {
public static void main(String[] args) {
File currentDir = new File(\"\").getAbsoluteFile();
File[] listOfFiles = currentDir.listFiles();
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < listOfFiles.length; i++) {
if (listOfFiles[i].isFile()) {
System.out.println(\"File \" + listOfFiles[i].getName());
count++;
} else if (listOfFiles[i].isDirectory()) {
System.out.println(\"Directory \" + listOfFiles[i].getName());
}
}
System.out
.println(\"Number of files in the current directory: \" + count);
}
}
OUTPUT:
File .classpath
File .project
File babynamerank2006.txt
Directory bin
Directory src
Number of files in the current directory: 3.
advantages and disadvantages of metro(or)MRT advantages and dis.pdf
advantages and disadvantages of metro(or)MRT
advantages and disadvantages of metro(or)MRT
Solution
Adavantages:
* It can hold so many people
* Road traffic will be reduced(eases congestion)
* Pollution levels in the city will be controlled because of less rod traffic
* Possibility of accidents is very low
* Modernity
Disdvantges:
* Construction cost is very high
* Can not construct where ever we want
* Low population cities are not feasible
* Disruption is another disadvantage.
2.4. What are the differences between analogue and digital instrumen.pdf
2.4. What are the differences between analogue and digital instruments? What advantages do
digital instruments have over analogue ones?
Solution
Advantages of digital over analog instruments:
1) They are very easy to read.
2) Since there are very few moving parts in the electronic instruments, they are usually more
accurate than theanalogue instruments. Even the human error involved in reading these
instruments is very less, which adds to the accuracy of digital instruments.
3) The electronic items tend to be cheaper than the mechanical items.
4) The data from the instruments can be recorded for future reference.
5) The output of the digital devices can be obtained in the computerANALOG
INSTRUMENTSDIGITAL INSTRUMENTS1.Signals in continuous fashion,gives infinite no of
values in given periodIt gives finite values in given period of time2.These occupy more
spaceoccupies less space3.Accuracy is poorAccuracy is good4.Chance of parallox errorno such
problem5.More chances of error due to operatorvery less6.Not effects with temperatureThese are
effected by temperature.
Advanced Java[Extra Concepts, Not Difficult].docx
This is part 2 of my Java Learning Journey. This contains Hashing, ArrayList, LinkedList, Date and Time Classes, Calendar Class and more.
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What is a test cross and why is it used What technology is essential.pdf
What is a test cross and why is it used? What technology is essentially replacing the test cross?
Do you think its necessary to know the number of contributors to a mixed DNA sample?
Solution
1)-Test cross- it is a cross between a unknown genotype organism with a known ressesive
genotype.
2)-It is done to know the genotype of unknown perent.
3)- yes it necessary.
What are homologous traits a. Traits that are functional and adapti.pdf
The document defines homologous traits as traits found in multiple species that were inherited from a common ancestor rather than evolving independently or being co-opted for different functions. Specifically, homologous traits are those shared between species because they descended from the same traits present in an ancestor species due to common descent, not because of convergent evolution or having served different purposes.
The Vietnam War EraDiscuss the range of American responses to the .pdf
The Vietnam War Era
Discuss the range of American responses to the war.
How did they change over time?
How did domestic political concerns shape the country\'s response to the war?
How did the war shape domestic politics in the 1960s and early 1970s?
Reference:
Goldfield, D. R., & In Wheeler, R. A. (2014). The American journey: A history of
the United States, Combined Volume (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.:
Pearson
Solution
In the United States, a nationwide debate ensued over participation in the war. The government\'s
official position was that it was involved in Vietnam at the request of the government of South
Vietnam and was helping to repel Communist aggression from the north. Its only avowed
objective was to secure a settlement that would allow the people of Vietnam to decide their own
form of government. To achieve this end, it was using only carefully controlled military
measures so as not to take innocent lives or bring about active participation by China or the
Soviet Union.
As United States involvement continued, however, Americans grew increasingly dissatisfied
with their nation\'s war policy. Some, described as \"hawks,\" argued that the United States
should use maximum military force to gain a quick victory. Others, called \"doves,\" argued that
the conflict in Vietnam was essentially a civil war in which the United States had no right to
interfere. Some of the doves demanded immediate American withdrawal, while others called for
a gradual disengagement from the war.
Some critics of the war charged that American use of bombers and of artillery was too
indiscriminate and that many innocent civilians had perished. The revelation that United States
troops in 1968 had massacred the entire population of My Lai, an enemy-held village, caused
much controversy over the way in which the war was being fought. Demonstrations were held in
the United States, especially in 1969 and 1970, to protest the war.
As the Vietnam War progressed, it lost much support from Americans because it was clear to
many that it was not justified. This caused for the country to view war as destructive, and
brought about a peace movement that is mostly associated with the decade of the 1960\'s but
lasted until the late 1980\'s..
The distance between two successive minimize of a transverse wave.pdf
The distance between two successive minimize of a transverse wave is 3.31 m. Five crests of the
wave pass a given along the direction of travel every 13.4 s. Find the frequency of the wave.
Find the wave speed.
Solution
a) Time period of the wave is
T = 13.4 / 4.5 = 2.977 s
frequency of the wave is
f = 1 / T = 0.335 Hz
b) speed of wave is
v = 2 d / T
= 2( 3.31 m ) / 2.977 s
= 2.223 m/s.
t hether each of the following statements are true or false T F Stok.pdf
t hether each of the following statements are true or false: T F Stoke\'s Law can be used to
model the oxygen sag curve T F Phosphorus is more often a limiting nutrient than nitrogen T F
Hardness is more often a problem in surface water than in groundwater T F BODs measures
CBOD, not NBOD T F The amount of available substrate will affect the biomass growth rate
cons 2. [4 points] Lis t two advantages and two disadvantages of chlorination as a disinfection
method. 3. [4 points] Explain the main advantage and disadvantage of combined sewer systems.
secondary clarification in wastewater treatment. Consider removal mechanism(s) and the main
constituent(s) to be removed. 4. [4 points) List one similarity and one difference between
primary sedimentation and
Solution
2.
Advantages of Chlorination
- Residual chlorine helps in disinfection against further contamination throughout the flow of
water through pipes and at the time of usage.
-relatively cheap ,simple,reiable and quick
Disadvantages of Chlorination
-imparts a peculiar taste to the water
-toxic to aquatic life
-chlorine is corosive
3.
Advantages
-stormwater and wastewater are managed together
-use of runoff for wastewater transportation is helpful in water conservation
-moderate costs
-health risk and insect problems are reduced by dilution of wastewater
Disadvantages
-Installation cost is high because of larger size sewers.
-Not suitable for areas of unpredictably varying storms.
-Larger sized and more efficient pump and pipe systems needed.
-Expertise is required for design.
4. Similarity- Sedimentation by gravity is used for settling of matter within a given settling time.
Difference: Primary clarifier mainly removes suspended impurities and in secondary clarifier
microbes are removed by settlement..
Rewrite the expression as an algebraic expression of x Rewrite the .pdf
Rewrite the expression as an algebraic expression of x: Rewrite the expression as an algebraic
expression of x: sin (tan^-1 x)
Solution
sin(tan-1x)
let tan-1x=t
Therefore tan t= x
Here opposite=x and adjacent=1
Therefore hypotenuse=sqrt(12+x2) = sqrt(1+x2)
sin t=opposite/hypotenuse= x/sqrt(1+x2) x(sqrt(1+x2))/(1+x2)
Hence,sin(tan-1x)= x(sqrt(1+x2))/(1+x2).
Need help answering these. Underline the correct answer The fundame.pdf
Need help answering these. Underline the correct answer The fundamental purpose of
communication is the _________ of data between two parties. processing exchange mining
sorting Which of the following is not a communication task searching routing synchronization
flow control In the TCP IP architecture, which of the following layer is responsible for routing.
Transport layer Physical layer Application layer Interne layer How many bits are used in the
IP addresses of IPv4? 16 20 32 40 Determine whether the following statements are true or
false Transmitter coverts data into signal suitable for transmission media. In a packet switching
network, the packets can arrive out of sequence. The internet layer of the TC P/IP architecture is
implemented not only in the end systems but also in the routers. There is a unique IP address for
each host. Write one similarity and one difference between TCP and UDP.
Solution
Answer:
Section - I
3)
Internet Layer is responsible for routing in the TCP/IP architecture.
4)
32 bits are used in the IP addresses of IPv4
Section - II
2. In a packet switching network, the packets can arrive out of sequence True..
Origins of psychologyWhen did it begin as a science 1879.pdf
Origins of psychology
When did it begin as a science? 1879
* • What is an empirical question?
* • Nature vs. nurture
ABC’s of Psychology – what does each letter stand for?
Historical perspectives – what are the key features of each?
* • Structuralism
* • Functionalism
* • Psychoanalytic
* • Behaviorism
Modern perspectives – what are the key features of each?
* • Humanism (Positive)
* • Cognitive
* • Biopsychological (Neuroscience)
* • Sociocultural
* • Evolutionary
Types of professionals in psychology – what are the differences?
* • Psychologist vs. psychiatrist vs. psychiatric social worker
Areas of specialization in psychology – know what each covers, in general
* • Developmental
* • Social
* • Educational
* • Health
* • Physiological
* • Experimental
* • Cognitive
* • Psychometrics
* • Abnormal
Study skills
* • What are the basics?
Critical thinking
* • What does it involve?
Scientific method
* • Why do we use it?
* • What are the five steps?
* • Know these terms:
* o Hypothesis
* o Variables
* o Operational definition
Conducting research
* o Descriptive methods – know the key features, what each is used for, its benefits and
drawbacks
* o Natural observation
* Observer effect
* Participant observation
* o Laboratory observation
* o Case Study
* o Survey
* Self-report and social desirability
* Representative sample – what does this mean?
Correlations – define these terms and be ready to apply these concepts to situations
* • Positive, negative, no correlation
* • Correlation coefficient – what is the range of possible numbers?
* • What’s the big warning about correlations?
Experimental methods – understand these terms and identify them in situations
* • Variables: Independent and dependent – know the difference
* • Groups – how do they differ?
* o Experimental
* o Control
* • Problems &
Solution
s
* o Experimenter bias
* o Placebo effect
* o Random assignment
* o Single-blind and double-blind studies
Ethics in research – basic guidelines
* • Human subjects
* • Animals
Neuroscience is the study of what?
Neurons – what are they?
* • Name the different parts
* o How they look, what they do
* • Types – what does each type do?
* o Sensory, motor, interneurons
* • Terminology - know these
* o Resting/Action potential
* o Synapse
* o Reuptake
* o Reflex arc
Glia: the other brain cells
* • What is their role?
Neurotransmitters
* • Recognize the names
* • What do they do?
Neural communication
* • Electrical impulse travels down the neuron’s axon through a series of action potentials
* • When the impulse reaches the axon ending, the message becomes chemical
* • Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse
* • They are received through specific receptor sites in the post-synaptic neuron
* • This continues through a long string of neurons until the message reaches its destination, the
brain or other organs or muscles
The Nervous System
* • Central NS (name the 2 parts)
* • Peripheral NS (covers what parts of the body?)
* o Somatic NS
* Sensory path.
Listings for BinaryHeap.java and BinaryHeapTest.java are shown in th.pdf
Listings for BinaryHeap.java and BinaryHeapTest.java are shown in the menu at left
Everything in the BinaryHeap class has been written except the add and remove methods, which
you must write:
First, implement add, then run the test class and observe the testAdd results
Next, implement remove, then run the test class and observe the testRemove results
testAdd and testRemove should both run without errors
Note:
A comp object implementing the Comparator interface is passed to the binary heap\'s
constructor. You will need to use the comp object\'s compare method when making comparisons
in the add and remove operations.
The parent, leftChild, and rightChild methods in BinaryHeapTest are for testing purposes only,
and should not be used to implement add and remove
Solution
BinaryHeapTest.java
import java.util.Comparator;
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
public class BinaryHeapTest {
/**
* A binary heap of Integer objects
*/
private BinaryHeap bh;
/**
* Some Integer nodes for testing
*/
private Integer n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9, n10;
/**
* An object for comparing Integer nodes
*/
private Comparator comp;
public BinaryHeapTest() {
comp = new Comparator() {
public int compare(Integer t, Integer t1) {
return t.compareTo(t1);
}
};
bh = new BinaryHeap(10, comp);
n1 = new Integer(1);
n2 = new Integer(2);
n3 = new Integer(3);
n4 = new Integer(4);
n5 = new Integer(5);
n6 = new Integer(6);
n7 = new Integer(7);
n8 = new Integer(8);
n9 = new Integer(9);
n10 = new Integer(10);
}
@Test
public void testAdd() {
buildHeap();
assertTrue(leftChild(n1) == n2);
assertTrue(rightChild(n1) == n5);
assertTrue(leftChild(n2) == n4);
assertTrue(rightChild(n2) == n3);
assertTrue(leftChild(n5) == n9);
assertTrue(rightChild(n5) == n6);
assertTrue(leftChild(n4) == n10);
assertTrue(rightChild(n4) == n7);
assertTrue(leftChild(n3) == n8);
assertTrue(rightChild(n3) == null);
assertTrue(leftChild(n9) == null);
assertTrue(rightChild(n9) == null);
assertTrue(leftChild(n6) == null);
assertTrue(rightChild(n6) == null);
assertTrue(parent(n10) == n4);
assertTrue(parent(n7) == n4);
assertTrue(parent(n8) == n3);
assertTrue(parent(n4) == n2);
assertTrue(parent(n3) == n2);
assertTrue(parent(n9) == n5);
assertTrue(parent(n6) == n5);
assertTrue(parent(n2) == n1);
assertTrue(parent(n5) == n1);
assertTrue(parent(n1) == null);
}
/**
* An auxiliary method that builds a heap that should look like:
*
* 1
* / \\
* 2 5
* / \\ / \\
* 4 3 9 6
* / \\ /
* 10 7 8
*/
private void buildHeap() {
bh.clear();
assertTrue(bh.isEmpty());
bh.add(n10);
bh.add(n9);
bh.add(n8);
bh.add(n7);
bh.add(n6);
bh.add(n5);
bh.add(n4);
bh.add(n3);
bh.add(n2);
bh.add(n1);
assertTrue(bh.size() == 10);
}
@Test
public void testRemove() {
buildHeap();
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n1);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n2);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n3);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n4);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n5);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n6);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n7);
assertTrue(bh.remove() == n8);
assertTru.
In hypothesis testing, what is a Type I error Type II errorSol.pdf
In hypothesis testing, what is a Type I error? Type II error?
Solution
In testing of hypothesis,
{Type I error} is the error committed due torejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.
{Type II error} is the error byaccepting a null hypothesis when it is false.
REMARK: It is obvious that Type I error is more serious than Type II error..
I am stuck on parts E and FExercise 1 NumberListTester.java.pdf
I am stuck on parts E and F
Exercise 1: NumberListTester.java
Class NumberList implements a simple list of Integers, using an ArrayList. NumberListTester
generates 10 random, positive, 2-digit ints, and adds them to the list. It then calls method
printList which prints the items on the list.
Run the program until you understand what it does.
a. Write the body of the method printReversed, which prints the list items in reverse order. Add a
statement in main to call printReversed after the call to printList.
Check ______
b. Write the body of the method printEveryOther, which prints every other item on the list,
beginning with the first one. In main, replace the statement that calls printReversed with one
that calls printEveryOther.
Check ______
c. Write the body of the method printEvens, which prints all the even-numbered ints on the list.
In main, replace the statement that calls printEveryOther with one that calls printEvens.
Check ______
All this printing is getting a bit tedious. Let\'s try some more fun operations.
d. 0. Add a new ArrayList-of-integer instance variable called bigList to the NumberList class
Add a statement to the NumberList constructor that creates an empty ArrayList object pointed to
by bigList
Delete the call to printEvens from main.
Write the body of the method splitList, which copies all ints that are greater than or equal to 50
from aList to bigList.
Add a method to the NumberList class to print bigList.
Add a sequence of method calls in main to verify that the splitList method is working correctly.
I.e., after calling splitList, call again the method that prints the original list and then call the
method you wrote in step 4 to print the bigList.
Check _____
E. Add a method insert to the NumberList class that takes two parameters of type int. The first
parameter is the index at which to insert a new number into the list, and the second is the number
to be inserted. E.g., if the first param is 4 and the second is 37, then 37 will be inserted at index
4 in aList (i.e., as the new 5th list element). The number inserted does not replace the number
currently at that position, but is inserted just before it.
Hint: The ArrayList class has a method that does exactly this. Call that method from your insert
method.
Now add statements to main to allow the user to specify the number to insert and the position at
which to insert it. Then, after inserting the new number, print the updated list.
Check _____
F. Finally, add code to your insert method that will assure that an IndexOutOfBoundsException
cannot be thrown. I.e., your insert method should just print an appropriate error message if the
first parameter --- the index at which to insert the new Integer --- is illegal.
Hint: What are the legal indices for an ArrayList? What is the smallest? What is the largest?
What about the special case of inserting a new value at the end of the list? Try it!
Check _____
MY CODE SO FAR:
import java.util.ArrayList ;
import java.util.Random ;
/.
How does differ from evolution systematic Only cladistics traces e.pdf
How does differ from evolution systematic? Only cladistics traces evolution relationship and
construct classifies that reflects these relationship. Only evolution systematic recognizes that
organisms must be compared using specific characters. Only cladistics rigorously defines the
kinds of homologies that yields the most useful information. Only clasdictics uses homologous
traits to trace to apply evolution relationship Why is the paleospcc.es concept more difficult to
apply to organisms than the biological and the ecological species concepts? Because
reproductive isolation cannot be studied directly Because ecological distinction are difficult to
impossible be past environments Because neither exclusive mating nor ecological separators are
usually accessible us fossil specimens. Because homologous Waits are rarely expressed In fossil
specimens Parapatric specification is characterized by? Complete reproductive isolation of two
populations Partial reproductive isolation of two populations. No reproductive isolation of two
populations. Complete ecologic niche separation of two species What is the age of the oldest
known fossil found on Earth 3.8 billion years. 3.5 billion years. 2 billion years. 520 million
years. Taphonomy is the study of: What happens to organic matter after death. How bones
mineralize during fossilization. The rules of classification. Ancestral traits In closely related
species. When general and specialized traits of organisms are considered in evolution it is
important to recognize that only a generalized ancestor can profit from the flexible evolutionary
basis for rapid diversification Which of the following animals is an appropriate example for a
highly specialized placental mammal that is structurally to a narrow, rodent/woodpecker-like
econiche: The duck-billed platypus. The wallaby. The white-tailed deer. The aye-aye of
Madagascar.
Solution
41. B. Partial reproductive isolation of two populations.
Parapatric speciation
occurs when populations are separated not by a geographical barrier, such as a body of water, but
by an extreme change in habitat. While populations in these areas may interbreed, they often
develop distinct characteristics and lifestyles. Reproductive isolation in these cases is not
geographic but rather temporal or behavioral.
42. B. 3.5 billion years.
The oldest known fossils, are cyanobacteria from Archaean rocks of western Australia, dated 3.5
billion years old.
43. B. How bones mineralize during fossilization.
Taphonomy is the branch of palaeontology that deals with the processes of fossilization.
44. C. The aye aye of Madagascar.
From an ecological point of view the aye-aye fills the niche of a woodpecker, as it is capable of
penetrating wood to extract the invertebrates within..
Giving your lawn more nutrients than it can absorb, can cause polluti.pdf
Giving your lawn more nutrients than it can absorb, can cause pollution of streams rivers, takes
and oceans as the nutrients are washed out of the True False
Solution
Considering nitrogen, phosphate, and potash (NPK). All these when used in lawn would promote
growth of the plants but an excess use may cause problems.Excessive amount of nitrogen and
phosphorus run off from the soil into the water bodies causing eutrophication which results into
excessive growth of algae and results into algal bloom. This can deplete bottom dwelling
organisms from nutrients and sunlight. Thus, causing water pollution..
Explain why conditions that cause destruction ibB lymphocytes and .pdf
Explain why conditions that cause destruction ibB lymphocytes and / or T lymphocytes cause
malfunctioning of both the specific and nonspecific immune responses.
Solution
B lymphocytes are essential for formation of antibodies against foreign antigen found in the
circulation. Where as The lymphocytes are essential to mediate the immune response strongly
between cell mediate and humoral immunity systems. Here B cell regulates cell specific or
antigen specific and T cells showing nonspecific immune response..
Do the data shown in the boxplot below have a greater amount of vari.pdf
Do the data shown in the boxplot below have a greater amount of variability within levels A, B,
C, and D or between the four levels? Explain.
Solution
By inspection, we see that the 4 intervals pretty much coincide. Thus, there is small variability
between levels.
Also, we see that the intervals are quite long. Thus, there is great variability within the level.
Thus, there is greater variability WITHIN LEVELS than between levels. [ANSWER].
Architectural Innovation The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Te.pdf
Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure
of Established Firms\" defines four types of innovations: incremental, modular, architectural, and
radical. Established and stable firms are inherently organized such that incremental and modular
innovations are successfully handled. Radical innovations are easily recognized and are managed
accordingly by forming specialty design groups to develop them. Architectural innovations use
existing core design concepts in a new architecture that have a significant impact on the
relationships between components than on the technologies of the components themselves.
Architectural innovations are often mistaken for incremental innovations. Management needs to
be able to identify architectural innovations such that proper resources are allotted and design
groups are restructured.
Questions
How are component versus architectural knowledge managed inside an organization?
How do you identify an architectural innovation?
How do you allocate existing resources to develop an architectural innovation successfully?
Solution
(1) Answer:- Component knowledge is very useful for organization . Component knowledge is
the knowledge that relates to a subroutine or discrete aspect of an organization’s operations. It is
knowledge that relates to parts or components rather than the whole.
Architectural knowledge, conversely, relates to the whole that is, to organization-wide routines
and schemas for coordinating the various components of the organization and putting them to
productive use.
(2) Answer:- We can identify architectural innovation in organization by help of this.
Architectural innovation is useful and needs to be applied in the new product, but some of what it
knows is not only not useful but may actually handicap the firm.
(3) Answer:- Architectural innovation presents established firms with a more subtle challenge.
Architectural innovation is embedded in channels, filters, and strategies, the discovery process
and the process of creating new information usually takes time..
Discuss the major capabilities of DBMS and why is a relational DBMS .pdf
Discuss the major capabilities of DBMS and why is a relational DBMS so powerful?
Solution
DBMS :-
DBMS is a software or tool which can be used for managing and maintaining the data within the
database.
Major Capabilities of DBMS :-
1.Data Storage
2.Data Retrieval
3.Data Update
4.Security
5.Data Independence
Explanation :-
Generally a person has to work with huge amount of information everyday. Inorder to interact
with the large amount of data we need a system where we can store, manipulate, security,
sharing the information all over the world. It is a core reason the industries are maintaining
database management tools.
A relational DBMS is so powerful. Because :-
* In RDBMS model the data will be stored in the form of tabular format. where as table is
nothing but a collection of rows and columns.
* RDBMS model will provide high level security by using authentication and autherisation.
* RDBMS maintains accurate and consistency of the data with the help of data integrity
mechanism.
* RDBMS supports the data manipulations by using DML commands.
* RDBMS provides faster rate retrieving the data by using index mechanism..
Demonstrate your understanding of tree data structure Write a Java .pdf
Demonstrate your understanding of tree data structure: Write a Java program in pseudo code to
accomplish the following tasks: Identify and display the number of files in the current directory
where the file is located.
Solution
import java.io.File;
public class CurrentDirectory {
public static void main(String[] args) {
File currentDir = new File(\"\").getAbsoluteFile();
File[] listOfFiles = currentDir.listFiles();
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < listOfFiles.length; i++) {
if (listOfFiles[i].isFile()) {
System.out.println(\"File \" + listOfFiles[i].getName());
count++;
} else if (listOfFiles[i].isDirectory()) {
System.out.println(\"Directory \" + listOfFiles[i].getName());
}
}
System.out
.println(\"Number of files in the current directory: \" + count);
}
}
OUTPUT:
File .classpath
File .project
File babynamerank2006.txt
Directory bin
Directory src
Number of files in the current directory: 3.
advantages and disadvantages of metro(or)MRT advantages and dis.pdf
advantages and disadvantages of metro(or)MRT
advantages and disadvantages of metro(or)MRT
Solution
Adavantages:
* It can hold so many people
* Road traffic will be reduced(eases congestion)
* Pollution levels in the city will be controlled because of less rod traffic
* Possibility of accidents is very low
* Modernity
Disdvantges:
* Construction cost is very high
* Can not construct where ever we want
* Low population cities are not feasible
* Disruption is another disadvantage.
2.4. What are the differences between analogue and digital instrumen.pdf
2.4. What are the differences between analogue and digital instruments? What advantages do
digital instruments have over analogue ones?
Solution
Advantages of digital over analog instruments:
1) They are very easy to read.
2) Since there are very few moving parts in the electronic instruments, they are usually more
accurate than theanalogue instruments. Even the human error involved in reading these
instruments is very less, which adds to the accuracy of digital instruments.
3) The electronic items tend to be cheaper than the mechanical items.
4) The data from the instruments can be recorded for future reference.
5) The output of the digital devices can be obtained in the computerANALOG
INSTRUMENTSDIGITAL INSTRUMENTS1.Signals in continuous fashion,gives infinite no of
values in given periodIt gives finite values in given period of time2.These occupy more
spaceoccupies less space3.Accuracy is poorAccuracy is good4.Chance of parallox errorno such
problem5.More chances of error due to operatorvery less6.Not effects with temperatureThese are
effected by temperature.
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