PPT about Gaseous Fuel

1. Gaseous Fuel
 Gaseous fuels are those which exist in gaseous state at
room temperature. For Example :- Natural Gas, CNG,
Petroleum gas etc.

2. Natural Gas
 It is a mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbons in which
methane is the main constituent. It occurs in the gas
field (Under the crust of earth) and also in association
with petroleum in oil field.

3. Dry and Wet Natural Gas Natural gas containing less recoverable condensate
(less than 15 gm/m3) is known as Dry natural gas.
 Whereas natural gas containing more than 50 gm/m3
recoverable condensate is known as Wet natural gas.

4. Composition and Properties
Parameters Composition Volume Percentage
Dry Natural Gas Wet Natural Gas
CH4 96.91 % 77.22 %
C2H6 1.33 % 11.18 %
C3H8 0.19 % 5.83 %
C4H10 0.05 % 2.34 %
C5H12 0.02 % 1.18 %
CO2 0.82 % 0.80 %
N2 0.68 % 1.39 %
Properties Dry Natural Gas Wet Natural Gas
Gross Calorific Value 9000 KCal/Nm2 11200 KCal/Nm2
Specific Gravity 0.547 0.741

5. Uses of Natural Gases
 Enriching the gaseous fuels of low calorific value.
 Making water gas.
 Production of methyl chloride.
 Production of methyl alcohol.
 Gas turbine also use natural gas as a fuel.

6. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)
 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a fuel source that is
made from compressing natural gas to less than 1% of
its standard atmospheric volume. CNG can be used in
place of gasoline or diesel in any vehicle.

7. Advantage of CNG
 It is a light weight gas with high ignition temperature
and is no more dangerous than petrol.
 Ignition of Co and unburned Hydrocarbon is
comparatively less in the exhaust.
 Its combustion is more regular and it rapidly
disappears in the atmosphere at NTP.

8. Disadvantage of CNG
 CNG storage tank take up five times higher trunk
space for comparable energy storage.
 Refueling station cost of CNG is very high.
 CNG driven vehicles have shorter operating range.

9. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)
 It is mainly a mixture of Propane and Butane used
mainly as cooking gas in domestic oven as well as for
industrial heating in furnace. LPG is prepared from
wet natural gas and refinery gas. It is an highly volatile
liquid which expands 247 times to its volume as
vapour.

10. Water Gas
 It is the medium calorific value gas comprising mainly
carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas. Water gas is made
by passing steam over heated hydrocarbon.
 Specific gravity of water gas is 0.5-0.55
 Calorific value is 2500-2800 KCal/Nm3

11. Carbureted Water Gas
 Water gas that has been enriched by hydrocarbon gas
es of high calorific value.
 Calorific value is 10,000-13,000 KCal/Nm3

12. Thank you