Lighting and calculation of an IT building

1. ILLUMINATION OF an IT BUILDING
PRESENTED BY:
SWAGATO MAJUMDER,SHUVAM GUPTA,SAMEER SAGAR,PRIYANKAR
MUKHERJEE & MD. SURAJ

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my appreciation to all
those who provided me the possibility to
complete this presentation.
A special thanks I give to our respected Dr.
Ashok Kumar Basu and Prof. Sujit Dhar
whose contribution in suggestions and
encouragement , helped me to coordinate
my presentation.

3. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Types of light
• How to measure light
• Instruments for measuring light
• Illumination level
• Floor plan
• Floor classification
• Calculation
• Conclusion

4. Introduction
Lighting or illumination is the deliberate use of light to achieve a
practical or aesthetic effect. Lighting includes the use of both
artificial light sources like lamps and light fixtures, as well as
natural illumination by capturing daylight. Daylighting (using
windows, skylights, or light shelves) is sometimes used as the
main source of light during daytime in buildings. This can
save energy in place of using artificial lighting, which represents a
major component of energy consumption in buildings. Proper
lighting can enhance task performance, improve the appearance
of an area, or have positive psychological effects on occupants.

5. As a general rule your workplace will have 1 of three types of light fitting,
these are light sources based on heat know as incandescent, Fluorescent
lights and LED’s. Each one of these produces light in a different manner.
◘ Incandescent light is radiated electromagnetic energy that is emitted
across all wavelengths, when we see all wavelengths things appear white.
Different temperatures will alter the amount that each wavelength is used.
◘ Fluorescent Lights are technically outside of our visible range, they are
ultraviolet and below 400nm. However, an interaction with a coating on the
inside of their tubes makes is visible white light that we can use.
◘ LED lights are a little more complex and achieve white light through a
mixture of red, green and blue LEDS or methods similar to Fluorescents
Types of light

6. The easiest way to understand how light is measured is by picturing the
typical light bulb with a filament that heats up producing light
(Incandescent if you read the previous section). The filament is the
source of the light and is at the centre of a sphere with light being
emitted in every direction. The total amount of energy of all the light
produced is known as the “luminous flux”.
We are probably familiar with the Lumen; this is the measure of light
intensity people have generally heard of. The base unit of luminous
intensity is the candela, (a single lit candle gives off roughly 1 candela).
One candela per steradian (an area in a cone shape starting from the
source of light) is known as a lumen.
When we measure light, we are interested in how many Lumens fall on
a surface; this is what we know as lux. One lux is one lumen per square
meter.
How to measure light

7. The simplest way to measure light is to buy a light
meter/ lux meter, the two phrases are often
interchangeable. Light meters contain a sensor that
converts the light energy into an electrical charge that
can give the user a reading. They are typically small
enough to be hand-held and easily carried about.
Using the light meter is simple. After taking the cap off
the sensor, simply place it on a surface where a task is
carried out such as the centre of a desk. It is important
the sensor is placed on the surface as this is where
the light is reflected into the user eye and represents
the true level of light they receive. Holding the light
meter above the surface would produce potentially
inaccurate readings. The lux reading should then be
displayed on the display.
Instruments for measuring light

8. Open plan office area 400lux
Toilets 200lux
Office lighting 6w/m2 of net office space
Small power 25w/m2 of net office space
Classification L2 classification.
Light has different functions that have to be taken into consideration for
comprehensive assessment of a lighting concept in a room. Illumination does
not only support the visual perception but it also signified by physical
emotional and physical biological effect.
Illumination level

9. At work place if we make a table of activities and required lux it will show
the clear view of our requirement.
Activity
Illumination
(lux,
lumen/m2)
Public area with dark surrounded 300
Working area visual task performed occasionally 50-100
Office work
400
Pc work, study, rooms 500
Detailed drawing work 1500 -2000
Visual task of low contrast 2000-5000
Performance of very prolonged visual task 5000-10000

10. FLOOR PLAN

11. DIVISION LUX/EACH
NUMBERS
OFFICE 400 14
CONFERENCE ROOM 550 2
BATHROOM 250 3
LUNCH ROOM 300 1
SERVER ROOM 300 1
ELECTRICAL ROOM 250 1
WAITING ROOM 400 1
EMERGENCY EXIT 200 1
ENTRANCE 350 1
CORIDOOR 300 2
Therefore, total Lux required=
[(400*14)+(550*2)+(250*3)+(300*1)+(300*1)+(250*1)+(400*1)+(200*1)+(350*
1)+(300*2)]
=9864 LUX.
FLOOR CLASSIFICATION

12. Considering: IT sector of 20X10 m with 40W -4ft fluroscent lamp.
Assuming room height is 5meter and mounting height above working plane as 4
meters, we found out the coefficient of utilization as:
b/h=20/4=5
a/h=10/4=2.5
Assuming direct fitting and ‘A’ conditions, we get
ηua=53%
Therefore, ηua=44+(53-44)/3=47%
Depreciation factor factor is assumed to be 0.8 and coefficient of absorption as
unity and light flux per 40 W fluorescent lamp as 3000 lumens and taking 2 in a
room.
We get,
2400=(300*200)/(.47*.8*1*N)
N=(300*200)/(2400*0.47*.8)
=67 pairs of lamp as an average.
CALCULATION

13. In many lighting applications, including residences, restaurants and retail stores, good
color characteristics are often considered more important than lamp efficacy. Lighting
specifiers consider the most important color performance characteristics of a light
source to be the color appearance of the source, most often expressed by CCT, and
the color rendering ability of the light source, most often expressed by CRI.
Given the present state of knowledge about predicting objects' color appearance
under different light sources, no single metric can capture the multidimensional
aspects of color rendering. NLPIP recommends the use of three metris (CRI, GA,
and FSCI) to represent the color rendering properties of light sources. A high CRI
implies that colors will appear natural; a high FSCI implies that the light source will
enable good discrimination between small color variations; and a large GA implies
colors will be highly saturated. By recommending all three, NLPIP suggests that
specifiers will be more likely to "triangulate" to the most useful light source for a
particular color application.
Light level is as important as the color rendering properties of a lamp; at high light
levels, many non-monochromatic light sources will render colors well, and at very low
light levels no light source can render colors well.
CONCLUSION