3. MEANING OF RESEARCH
The systematic method consisting of enunciating the
problem, formulating a hypothesis, collecting the
facts or data, analysing the facts and reaching certain
conclusion either in the form of solutions towards the
concerned problem or in certain generalisations for
some theoretical formulation.
4. OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
Find out truth which is hidden and which has not been discovered
yet
Gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new insights into
it
Portray accurately the characteristics of a particular individual,
situation or a group
Determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which
it is associated with something else
Test a hypothesis of a casual relationship between variables
5. MOTIVATION IN RESEARCH
Research degree along with its consequential
benefits
Face the challenge in solving the unsolved
problem
Get intellectual joy of doing some creative work
Service to society
Get respectability
7. INFERENTIAL APPROACH
•To form a data base from which to infer
characteristics or relationships of population
• Usually means survey research where a sample of
population is studied to determine its characteristics
8. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
• Some variables are manipulated to observe their effect on other
variables
• Much greater control over the research environment
• Simulation approach
• Involves construction of an artificial environment within which
relevant information and data can be generated
9. QUALITATIVE APPROACH
• Subjective assessment of,
- Attitudes
- Opinions
– Behaviour
• Not subjected to rigorous quantitative analysis
10. CRITERIA OF GOOD RESEARCH
• Purpose should be clearly defined
• common concepts to be used
• explain procedure clearly - for continuity
• results should be as objective as possible
• report with frankness - acknowledge, procedural flaws -
limitations of the study
11. PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED BY RESEARCHES
• Lack of scientific training in methodology of research
• Insufficient interaction
• Need for generating the confidence that the information/data obtained
from a patient will not be misused
• Research studies overlapping one another are undertaken quite often
for want of adequate information
• Timely and adequate secretarial assistance, including computerial
assistance
12. TYPES OF RESEARCH
• Descriptive
• analytical
• Applied
• fundamental
• quantitative
• qualitative
• conceptual
• Empirical
• one-time research /
longitudinal
• field-setting
research/laboratory/simulation
• clinical / laboratory
• historical
• conclusion oriented
• Decision oriented
13. SOME OTHER TYPES OF RESEARCH
Clinical research - case-study method
Diagnostic research - in depth approaches to reach
basic casual relations
Historical research - utilizes historical sources like
documents, remains, etc
14. RESEARCH METHODS
•All those methods/techniques that are used for
conduction of research
• Refer to the methods the researchers use in
performing research operations
•Method used by the researcher
15. RESEARCH METHODS
Put into 3 groups,
I. Methods which are concerned with data collection
II. Statistical techniques for establishment of relationship
b/w data & unknown
III. Evaluating the accuracy of results obtained
16. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A systematic way to solve the research problem
Science of understanding how research is done
Study varies steps adopted by a researcher
researchers should know the relevant method and
which are not
17. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
When we talk of RM we not only talk of the research methods
but also consider the logic behind the methods we use in the
context of our research study and explain why we are using a
particular method and why we are not using others, so that
research results are capable of being evaluated by the
researcher himself or by others .
