5. Working principle (Anemometer)
• The general design of anemometers simply consist of some
form of weather vane with cups or other devices on the ends.
These cups/vane are designed to catch the wind and spin the
entire setup. A magnet is built into one of the arms and causes
a pulse when it passes the reed switch at a certain position.
These pulses are recorded and the time between them gives a
very accurate estimate of the speed that the wind is moving.
8. Gas Monitoring/Detection Instrument
Gas detection instrument are designed to detect and
monitor the presence of a wide range of gas types and
concentrations that could result in a fire, an explosion
and a toxic or oxygen-deficient atmosphere as well as to
provide early warning of an outbreak of spontaneous
combustion.
9. Gas Monitoring/Detection Instrument
Different types of instrument are available, but before deciding which to
use in a particular situation, the following questions must be answered:
• What are the properties of these gases?
• Where and in what circumstances do they occur?
• Which gas detecting instrument or device is most suitable for
those circumstances?
• How does this instrument work?
• What are its limitations?
10. Personal Multi/Single Gas Monitor
The personal/multi Gas
detector sounds an
alarm when they sense a
certain amount of gas in
the air over time.
Different sensors set off
different types of alerts.
11. VOCs Detector
in a photoionization detector high-energy photons break
molecules into positively charged ions. As compounds enter the
detector they are bombarded by high-energy UV photons and
are ionized when they absorb the UV light, resulting in ejection
of electrons and the formation of positively charged ions. The
ions produce an electric current, which is the signal output of
the DETECTOR,
VOCs Detector works by PID principles,
12. Flue & Vehicle Exhaust Gas Analyser
O2 by electrochemical sensor, range
0-25.0%
CO by infrared detector, range 0-
2,000 PPM to 0-10.0%
CO2 by infrared detector, range 0-
20.0%
NO by electrochemical sensor, range
0-2,000 PPM
NO2 by electrochemical sensor, range
0-800 PPM
SO2 by infrared detector, range 0-
2,000 PPM
Stack Temperature by thermocouple,
range 32F – 1800F or 0C – 1000C
14. Dust Sampling & Particulate Monitoring
These equipment uses light
scattering technique to
determine the concentration of
airborne particles, the air
sample is continuously drawn
into the instrument by a pump,
the incoming dusty air passes
through a laser beam in a
photometer and then through a
filter to trap the particles
before reaching the pump.
Particulate Monitoring
16. SOUND/NOISE & RADIATION MONITORING
Noise is unwanted or objectionable sound
Element of environmental noise monitoring
Source and direction
Propagation path
Receiver and distance
Sound/Noise (dB)
17. RADIATION MONITORING
• Radiation detectors operates on Geiger-Mueller tube.
• The Geiger tube generates a pulse of electrical current each time radiation
passes through the halogen quenched tube. Each pulse is electronically
detected and registers as a count.
• The counts is displayed in the mode you choose.
