The document discusses Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) which are diagrams used in process industries to show piping, equipment, instrumentation and process flow. It provides details on the components of P&IDs such as abbreviations, instrument symbols and tagging philosophies. It also includes examples of equipment lists and coding systems used for P&IDs.

1. P & I DIAGRAM AND TAGGING
PHILOSPHY FOR PLANT EQUIPMENT
& INSTRUEMENT

2. P & I DIAGRAM
A piping and instrumentation
diagram/drawing (P&ID) is a diagram in
the process industry which shows the
piping of the process flow together with
the installed equipment and
instrumentation. P&IDs is important to
everyone involved in the planning, design,
and construction through operation of a
process plant.

4. Abbreviations
P&ID- stands for "Piping and Instrumentation
Diagram
PACS- means Process and Control Systems, Inc
PACE- means Process and Control Engineering
PCI -means PROCESS CONTROL INSTRUMENTATION
PCED- means Process Control Event Diagram
PNID- means Process and Instrumentation Diagram

5. 1. A diagram which shows the
interconnection of process equipment and
the instrumentation used to control the
process. In the process industry, a
standard set of symbols is used to prepare
drawings of processes. The instrument
symbols used in these drawings are
generally based on International Society
of Automation (ISA) Standard -S5. 1.
2. The primary schematic drawing used
for laying out a process
control installation.

6. P&IDs play a significant role in the maintenance and
modification of the process that it describes. It is
critical to demonstrate the physical sequence of
equipment and systems, as well as how these systems
connect. During the design stage, the diagram also
provides the basis for the development of system
control schemes, allowing for further safety and
operational investigations, such as a Hazard and
operability studycommonly pronounced as HAZOP.
For processing facilities, it is a pictorial representation
of
1. Key piping and instrument details
2. Control and shutdown schemes
3. Safety and regulatory requirements
4. Basic start up and operational information

7. TAGGING PHILOSPHY
Tag “numbers” are letters and numbers placed
within or near the instrument to identify the
type and function of the device
PRESSURE LEVEL FLOW TEMP
PIC
PRC
LIC
LRC
FIC
FRC
TIC
TRC

8. TAG DESCRIPTORS
X Y Z
1 2 3
The first letter is used to
designate the measured
variable
The succeeding letter(s) are used to
designate the function of the
component, or to modify the meaning of
the first letter
1. PRESSURE
2. LEVEL
3. FLOW
4. TEMPERATURE
1. INDICATOR
2. RECORDER
3. CONTROLLER
4. TRANSMITTER

9. LETTER USED FOR EQUIPMENTSr.
No.
NAME OF EQUIPMENTS LETTER USED
1 REACTOER VESSEL R,V
2 PUMP P
3 COMPRESSOR/BLOWER K
4 TURBINE T
5 ABSORBER C
6
7
SEPERATOR
HOLDER
MV
ME
8 EJECTOR EJ
9 HEAT EXCHANGER E

10. EXAMPLES FOR EQUIPMENTS
Sr. No. Equipment's Code
1 Reactor 31-R-1 41-R-1
2 Hydrolyzer 31 R-2
3 Stripper 31–E-1 41-E-1
4 Ammonia Feed Pump 31-P-1 A/B 41-P-1A/B
5 Carbamate Pump 31-P-2A/B 41-P-2A/B
6 Compressor 31 K-1 41-K-1
7 Compressor Turbine 31 TK-1 41-TK-1

11. CODE USE FOR SECTIONWISE
For HP section digit are used single digit e.g. 31 R-1
31 used for section R—equipment(Reactor)
For MP section Digit Series used for101,
e.g. LIC 101
For LP section series used for 131 e.g LIC 131
Vacuum section used Series 141
e.g. PIC 141
For Common Section series used 160
e.g PIC 161

12. TAG NUMERS
Tag “numbers” are letters and numbers placed
within or near the instrument to identify the type
and function of the device
TI
TRC
FCV

13. Piping and Connection Symbols

14. Valve Symbols

15. ANGLE
VALVE
ANGLE VALVE
(MOTORIZED)

16. GLOBE
VALVE GATE
VALVE

17. BUTTERFLY VALVES

18. GLOBE VALVE

19. DIAPHRAGM VALVE

20. PRESSURE SAFETY VALVES
Safety Valve is a one type of valve that
automatically actuates when the pressure of
inlet side of the valve increases to a
predetermined pressure, to open the valve disc
and discharge the fluid ( steam or gas ) ; and
when the pressure decreases to the prescribed
value, to close the valve disc again.

22. CHECK VALVES
Check Valve symbol
A check valve, non-return valve or one-way
valve is a valve that normally
allows fluid (liquid or gas)to flow through it
in only one direction.

23. CONTROL
VALVE
ISOLATION
VALVE
ISOLATION
VALVE
BYPASS VALVE
DRAIN VALVE
STEAM LINE

24. Process Flow Diagram - PFD
A PFD shows less detail than a P&ID and is used
only to understand how the process works

25. PUMPS

26. HEAT
EXCHANGERS

27. CODING FOR PIPPING SYSTEM
ID of the pipe
Section Name
Fluid Name
Line Code

31. UREA–II(P)EQUIPEMENTLIST
31UNIT
SR.NO EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION TAG NO
1 MP ABSORBER 31-C-1
2 DISTILLATION TOWER 31-C-2
3 STRIPPER 31-E-1
4 HP AMMONIA PREHEATER 31-E-4
5 CARBAMATE CONDENSOR 31-E-5
6 MP CONDENSER 31-E-7
7 LP CONDENSER 31-E-8
8 AMMONIA CONDENSER 31-E-9A/B
9
MP AMMONIA ABSORBER / INERT GAS WASHING
TOWER
31-E-31/C-3
10
LP AMMONIA ABSORBER / INERT GAS WASHING
TOWER
31-E-12/C-4
11 I VACUUM CONCENTRATOR 31-E-14 A/B
12 II VACUUM CONCENTRATOR 31-E-15
13
DISTILLATION TOWER OVERHEAD CONSENSER 31-E-17
14
DISTILLATION TOWER OVERHEAD PREHEATER 31-E-18
15 HYDROLYSER PREHEATER 31-E-19A/B
16 PURIFIED WASTE WATER COOLER 31-E-20A/B
17 STEAM CONSENSOR COOLER 31-E-41A/B
18 I INTERSTAGE COOLER (K-1) 31-E-25
19 II INTERSTAGE COOLER (K- 1) 31-E-26
20 III INTERSTAGE COOLER (K-1) 31-E-27
21 FINAL STEAM CONDENSER COOLER 31-E-30A/B
22 I AND II VACUUM SYSTEM CONDENSERS 31-E -41,42
23 CARBAMATE RECYCLE EJECTOR 31-EJ-1
24 CO2 COMP 31-K-1
25 PASSIVATION AIR COMP TO K-1 31-K-2 A/B
26 PASSIVATION AIR COMP TO C.T 08 K-2 A/B
27 I AND II VACUUM SYSTEM 31-ME-4/ 5
28 PRILLING BUCKET 31-ME-8
29 PRILLING BUCKET SUPPORT 31-ME-9
30 ROTARY SCRAPPER 31-ME-10
31 BLOW DOWN 31-ME-14
32 FIRST VENT STACK 31-ME-15
33 DISC OIL 31-ME-20
34 II VENT STACK 31-ME-41

32. 35 HP AMMONIA FEED PUMP MOTOR 31-MP-1 A/B
36 CARBAMATE SEPERATOR 31-MV-1
37
MP DECOMPOSER 31-MV-2, E-2, ME-
2
38
LP DECOMPOSER 31-MV-3, E-3, ME-
3
39 STRIPPER STEAM COND SEPERATOR 31-MV-4
40 I VACUUM SEPERATOR 31-MV-6
41 II VACUUM SEPERATOR 31-MV-7
42 CO2 COMP.DELIVERY DRUM 31-MV-8
43 CO2 COMP. K. O DRUM 31-MV-9
44 I INTERSTAGE SEPERATOR (K-1) 31-MV-16
45 II INTERSTAGE SEPERATOR (K-1) 31-MV-17
46 III INTERSTAGE SEPERATOR (K-1) 31-MV-18
47 HP AMMONIA FEED PUMP 31-P-1 A/B
48 COOLING WATER PUMPS 08 P-1 A/B/C
49 HP CARBAMATE SOLUTION PUMP 31-P-2 A/B
50 MP CARBAMATE SOLUTION PUMP 31-P-3 A/B
51 CW CIRCULATION PUMP FOR E-7 31-P-4 A/B
52 AMMONIA BOOSTER PUMP 31-P-5 A/B
53 MP STEAM COND FLUSHING PUMP 31-P-6 A/B
54 AMMONIA SOLUTION PUMP 31-P-7 A/B
55 UREA MELT PUMP 31-P-8 A/B
56 UREA SOLUTION PUMP FOR V-5 31-P-9 A/B
57 HP WASHING PUMP 31-P-11 A/B
58 DRAIN RECOVERY PUMPS FOR V-7 31-P-12 A/B
59 STEAM COND TO B.L. PUMP 31-P-13 A/B
60 HYDROLYZER FEED PUMPS 31-P-14 A/B/C
61 DISTILLATION TOWER REFLUX FEED PUMP 31-P-15 A/B
62 C2 FEED PUMPS 31-P-16 A/B
63 STRIPPER DP CELL FLUSH PUMP 31-P-17 A/B
64 PURIFIED WASTE WATER PUMP 31-P-18 A/B
65 UREA SOLUTION RECOVERY PUMP FOR V-4 31-P –19 A/B/C
66 CARBAMATE SOLUTION RECOVERY PUMPS 31-P-20 A
67 BUFFER WASTE WATER TANK FEED PUMPS 31-P-41 A/B
68 OILY WATER PUMPS 31-P-23 A/B
69 COND PUMP OF TK-1 31-P-27 A/B
70 EFFLUENT DISPOSAL PUMPS 31-P-33 A/B
71 UREA REACTOR 31-R-1
72 HYDROLYZER 31-R-2
73 TURBINE FOR K-1 31-TK-1
74 AMMONIA RECEIVER 31-V-1
75 STEAM CONDENSOR TANK 31-V-2

33. 77 UREA LUMP DISSOLVING TANK 31-V-4
78 UREA SOLUTION TANK 31-V-5
79 BUFFER WASTE WATER TANK 31-V-6
80 DRAIN COLLECTING TANK 31-V-7
81 REFIUX ACCUMULATOR 31-V-8
82 WASTE WATER TANK 31-V-9
83 SLOP OIL TANK 31-V-20
84 INSTRUMENT AIR RECEIVER TANK 31-V-41
85 MAIN OIL PUMP FOR K-1 31 P-24 A/B
86 EMERGENCY OIL PUMP FOR K-1 31 P- 25
87 CONDENSATE COOLER 31/E-13

34. UREA–II(P)EQUIPEMENTLIST
41UNIT
SR.NO EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION TAG NO
1 MP ABSORBER 41-C-1
2 STRIPPER 41-E-1
3 HP AMMONIA PREHEATER 41-E-4
4 CARBAMATE CONDENSOR 41-E-5
5 MP CONDENSER 41-E-7
6 LP CONDENSER 41-E-8
7 AMMONIA CONDENSER 41-E-9A/B
8 MP AMMONIA ABSORBER / INERT GAS WASHING TOWER 41-E-31/C-3
9 LP AMMONIA ABSORBER / INERT GAS WASHING TOWER 41-E-12/C-4
10 II VACUUM CONCENTRATOR 41-E-15
31 I INTERSTAGE COOLER (K-1) 41-E-25
12 II INTERSTAGE COOLER (K- 1) 41-E-26
13 III INTERSTAGE COOLER (K-1) 41-E-27
14 I AND II VACUUM SYSTEM CONDENSERS 41-E -41,42
15 CARBAMATE RECYCLE EJECTOR 41-EJ-1
16 CO2 COMP 41-K-1
17 PASSIVATION AIR COMP TO K-1 41-K-2 A/B
18 I AND II VACUUM SYSTEM 41-ME-4/ 5
19 HP AMMONIA FEED PUMP MOTOR 41-MP-1 A/B
20 CARBAMATE SEPERATOR 41-MV-1
41 MP DECOMPOSER 41-MV-2, E-2, ME-2
22 LP DECOMPOSER 41-MV-3, E-3, ME-3
23 STRIPPER STEAM COND SEPERATOR 41-MV-4
24 I VACUUM SEPERATOR 41-MV-6
25 II VACUUM SEPERATOR 41-MV-7
26 CO2 COMP.DELIVERY DRUM 41-MV-8
27 CO2 COMP. K. O DRUM 41-MV-9
28 I INTERSTAGE SEPERATOR (K-1) 41-MV-16
29 II INTERSTAGE SEPERATOR (K-1) 41-MV-17
30 III INTERSTAGE SEPERATOR (K-1) 41-MV-18
31 HP AMMONIA FEED PUMP 41-P-1 A/B
32 HP CARBAMATE SOLUTION PUMP 41-P-2 A/B
33 MP CARBAMATE SOLUTION PUMP 41-P-3 A/B
34 CW CIRCULATION PUMP FOR E-7 41-P-4 A/B
35 AMMONIA BOOSTER PUMP 41-P-5 A/B
36 AMMONIA SOLUTION PUMP 41-P-7 A/B
37 UREA MELT PUMP 41-P-8 A/B
38 DRAIN RECOVERY PUMPS FOR V-7 41-P-12 A/B
39 STRIPPER DP CELL FLUSH PUMP 41-P-17 A/B
40 BUFFER WASTE WATER TANK FEED PUMPS 41-P-21 A/B
41 COND PUMP OF TK-1 41-P-27 A/B
42 UREA REACTOR 41-R-1
43 TURBINE FOR K-1 41-TK-1
44 AMMONIA RECEIVER 41-V-1
45 CARBAMATE SOLUTION TANK 41-V-3
46 DRAIN COLLECTING TANK 41-V-7
47 WASTE WATER TANK 41-V-9
48 MAIN OIL PUMP FOR K-1 41 P-24 A/B

35. BLOCK DIAGRAM
A block diagram is a diagram of a system in which the
principal parts or functions are represented by blocks
connected by lines that show the relationships of the
blocks. They are heavily used in engineering in
hardware design, electronic design, software design,
and process flow diagrams. A block diagram is a
specialized, high-level flowchart used in engineering. It
is used to design new systems or to describe and
improve existing ones. Its structure provides a high-
level overview of major system components, key
process participants, and important working
relationships.