This document discusses various barrier contraceptive methods. It describes barrier methods as preventing pregnancy by blocking the egg and sperm from meeting and notes they have higher failure rates than hormonal methods due to design and human error. The main barrier methods discussed are male condoms, female condoms, diaphragms, vaginal sponges, and spermicides. Advantages and disadvantages of each method are provided.

1. Contraception- Barrier MethodsContraception- Barrier Methods
-Dr. Prachi Adsule
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Community Medicine

3. Contraceptive Methods:
Contraceptive methods are, by definition, preventive methods to
help women avoid unwanted pregnancies.
Cafeteria Choice:
Conventional Contraceptive:

4. Criterias for Ideal Contraceptive:
• Safe’
•Effective
• Acceptable
•Inexpensive
•Reversible
•Simple to administer
•Independent of coitus
•Long lasting enough to obviate frequent administration
•Requires little or no medical supervision

5. Types of ContraceptiveTypes of Contraceptive
Methods:Methods:
1. Spacing Methods
2. Terminal Methods

7. 1. Spacing Methods-
• Barrier Methods
• Intra-uterine devices
• Hormonal Methods
• Post-conceptional Methods
• Miscellaneous
2. Terminal Methods-
• Male sterilization
• Female Sterilization

9. BARRIER METHODSBARRIER METHODS
1. Male Condom
2. Female Condom
3. Diaphragm
4. Vaginal Sponge
5. Chemical Methods

11. BARRIER METHODBARRIER METHOD
Prevents pregnancy blocks the egg and sperm from
meeting
Barrier methods have higher failure rates than
hormonal methods due to design and human error

12. Barrier Method- AdvantagesBarrier Method- Advantages
Absence of side-effects
Protection from STDs
Reduction in incidence of PID
Protection from risk of Cervical cancer

13. 1. MALE CONDOM1. MALE CONDOM
• Most common and effective barrier
method when used properly
• Latex and Polyurethane should only be
used in the prevention of pregnancy and
spread of STD’s (including HIV)

14. MALE CONDOMMALE CONDOM
 Trade name- Nirodh, a Sanskrit word meaning
Prevention
 Pregnancy rates-
2-3/ HWY
More than 14 in typical users

15. Advantages:Advantages:
1. Easily available
2. Safe & inexpensive
3. Easy to use
4. No side effects
5. Light, compact & disposable
6. Provides protection against STD

16. Disadvantages:Disadvantages:
1. May slip off or tear
2. Interferes with sex sensation locally

17. 2. FEMALE CONDOM2. FEMALE CONDOM
Made as an alternative to male condoms
Polyurethane
Physically inserted in the vagina
Prelubricated with silicon and spermicide need not
be used
Woman can use female condom if partner refuses
Problems- High cost and acceptability
Failure rates- 5/ HWY to 21 in typical users

21. 3. DIAPHRAGM3. DIAPHRAGM
Vaginal barrier
Invented by German physician in 1882
Also known as Dutch cap
Shallow cup made of synthetic rubber or plastic
Fitted by physician
Spermicidal jelly to be used before insertion
Inserted up to 18 hours before intercourse and can be left in
for a total of 24 hours (must remain in place for not less than 6
hrs after sexual intercourse)
Failure rate- 6-12 per HWY

22. DIAPHRAGMDIAPHRAGM
Advantages-
- Total absence of risk and medical contraindications.
Disadvantages-
- Practice at insertion
- Privacy for this
- Facility for washing and storing
- Remote possibility of TSS

23. DIAPHRAGMDIAPHRAGM

24. 4. Vaginal Sponge:4. Vaginal Sponge:
Soaked in vinegar or olive oil
Commercially marketed in USA under trade name- TODAY
Small polyurethane foam sponge, saturated with spermicide-
nonoxynol-9
Far effective than Diaphragm
Failure rates- In parous women- 20-40
In nulliparous women- 9-20

25. SpongeSponge
The sponge is inserted by the woman into the vagina and covers the
cervix blocking sperm from entering the cervix. The sponge also
contains a spermicide that kills sperm. It is available without a
prescription

26. 5. SPERMICIDES5. SPERMICIDES
 Chemicals kill sperm in the vagina- Surface active agents-
Inhibit oxygen uptake
 Different forms:
-Jelly -Film
-Foam -Suppository
 Only 76% effective (used alone), should be used in
combination with another method i.e., condoms