The document outlines various barrier methods of contraception, including male and female condoms, diaphragms, vaginal sponges, and spermicides, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Barrier methods prevent pregnancy by obstructing sperm from meeting the egg and have higher failure rates compared to hormonal methods. The document emphasizes the effectiveness, side effects, costs, and user requirements for each method.

1. Contraception- Barrier Methods
by:-
Aakarsh chandra 02

2. BARRIER METHODS
1. Male Condom
2. Female Condom
3. Diaphragm
4. Vaginal Sponge
5. Chemical Methods

3. BARRIER METHOD
● Prevents pregnancy by blocking the egg and
sperm from meeting
● Barrier methods have higher failure rates than
hormonal methods due to design and human error

4. Barrier Method- Advantages
● Absence of side-effects
● Protection from STDs
● Reduction in incidence of PID
● Protection from risk of Cervical cancer

5. 1. MALE CONDOM
• Most common and effective barrier
method when used properly
• Latex and Polyurethane should only be
used in the prevention of pregnancy and
spread of STD’s (including HIV)

6. MALE CONDOM
● Trade name- Nirodh, a Sanskrit word meaning
Prevention
● Pregnancy rates- 2-3/ HWY
More than 14 in typical users

7. Advantages:
1. Easily available
2. Safe & inexpensive
3. Easy to use
4. No side effects
5. Light, compact & disposable
6. Provides protection against STD

8. Disadvantages:
1. May slip off or tear
2. Interferes with sex sensation locally

9. 2. FEMALE CONDOM
● Made as an alternative to male condoms
● Polyurethane
● Physically inserted in the vagina
● Prelubricated with silicon and spermicide need
not be used
● Woman can use female condom if partner refuses
● Problems- High cost and acceptability
● Failure rates- 5/ HWY to 21 in typical users

12. 3. DIAPHRAGM
● Vaginal barrier
● Invented by German physician in 1882
● Also known as Dutch cap
● Shallow cup made of synthetic rubber or plastic
● Fitted by physician
● Spermicidal jelly to be used before insertion
● Inserted up to 18 hours before intercourse and can be left in
for a total of 24 hours (must remain in place for not less than 6
hrs after sexual intercourse)
● Failure rate- 6-12 per HWY

13. DIAPHRAGM
Advantages-
- Total absence of risk and medical contraindications.
Disadvantages-
- Practice at insertion
- Privacy for this
- Facility for washing and storing
- Remote possibility of TSS

14. DIAPHRAGM

15. 4. Vaginal Sponge:
● Soaked in vinegar or olive oil
● Commercially marketed in USA under trade name-
TODAY
● Small polyurethane foam sponge, saturated with
spermicide- nonoxynol-9
● Far effective than Diaphragm
● Failure rates- In parous women- 20-40
 In nulliparous women- 9-20

16. Sponge

17. 5. SPERMICIDES
● Chemicals kill sperm in the vagina- Surface active
agents- Inhibit oxygen uptake
● Different forms:
-Jelly -Film
-Foam -Suppository
● Only 76% effective (used alone), should be used in
combination with another method i.e., condoms

18. Thank you