This presentation tells about the causes and effects of acid rain and also the remediation measures.

1. S.G.Mohanapourani,
2015006028,
B.Sc., Horticulture,
HC&RIW, Trichy
ACID RAIN :
CAUSES,EFFECTS
AND REMEDIATION

2. • Acid rain refers to the deposition of acidic components in
either wet or dry forms
• Acid rain is basically rain that has a higher than normal acid
level (low pH).
• Natural acid rain can be caused by volcanic emissions and
biological processes

3. Forms of acid rain :
 Wet deposition
 Dry deposition

4. Wet Deposition:
• When the wind blows the acidic chemicals in the air to the
areas where the weather is wet, the acids fall to the ground in the
form of rain, sleet, fog, snow or mist.
Dry Deposition:
• If the wind blows the acidic chemicals in the air to the areas
where the weather is dry, the acidic pollutants slip into dust or
smoke and fall to the ground as dry particles.

6. Causes of acid rain
Natural causes :
 Volcanic emissions
 Decaying vegetation
 Wildfires
 Biological processes

7. Man-made sources
• Human activities
• Automobiles and factories
• Electric power generation by burning coal

8. Effects of Acid Rain
• Effect on Aquatic Environment:
Species including fish, plant and insect types in some lakes, rivers
and brooks have been reduced

9. Effect on Forests:
• Makes trees vulnerable to disease, extreme weather insects
• Forest damage due to acid rain is most evident in Eastern
Europe – especially Germany, Poland and Switzerland.

10. Effect on Soil:
• highly impacts on soil chemistry and biology
• soil microbes and biological activity as well as soil chemical
compositions such as soil pH are damaged

11. Vegetation Cover and Plantations:
• lead to stunted growth and even death of some forests and
vegetation cover.

12. Effect on Architecture and Buildings:
• Acid rain on buildings, especially those constructed with
limestone, react with the minerals and corrode them away.
• Modern buildings, cars, airplanes, steel bridges and pipes are
all affected by acid rain.

14. Effect on Public Health:
• Intensified levels of acid depositions in dry form in the air can
cause lung and heart problems such as bronchitis and asthma.

15. Solutions to Acid Rain : Reducing Acid
Rain
• Understand acid deposition’s causes and effects
• Clean up smokestacks and exhaust pipes
• Use alternative energy sources
• Restore a damaged environment
• Look to the future
• Take action as individuals

16. REFERENCES:
http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/acid-rain-1a.jpg
http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/phfield.gif
http://nadp.sws.uiuc.edu
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rain
http://www.epa.gov/acidrain/effects/surface_water.html