A presentation about Transportation Engineering Sessional on our Transportation Engineering subject. Due to privacy concern, only the group members names are kept where the student ID's were removed.

1. Transportation
Engineering
Sessional I
Presentation

2. Presented By,
68B Group 3
2
Md. Lekhon Miah
Parvez Ahmed
Pallob Sikder
Aysha Siddika
Rajib Roy
196
197
194
198
195
Presented to,
Ms. Anika Nowshin Mowrin
Assistant Professor, SUB

3. Experiment Name: Determination of Flakiness Index.
3
General: It is the percentage by weight of flaky particles in a sample. A flaky
particle is the one whose least dimension (thickness) is than 0.6 times the mean
size. However this test is not applicable to material passing a 6.30 mm BS test
sieve or retained on a 63.0 mm BS test sieve.
Md. Lekhon Miah

4. 4
Apparatus:
 Metal Thickness Gauge
 BS Test Sieves
 A Balance
Balance BS Test Sieves
Metal Thickness Gauge
Md. Lekhon Miah

5. Procedure:
 At first a sieve analysis is done.
 All aggregate retained on the 63.0 mm BS
test sieve and all aggregate passing the 6.30
mm BS test sieve are discarded.
 Sieve sample with the BS test sieve is
weighted with each of the individual size
fractions retained on these sieve.
 Other than the 63.0 mm sieve and store them
in separate trays with their size marked on
the trays.
Sieve Analysis
5
Md. Lekhon Miah

6. 6
Calculations:
∴Flakiness Index =
𝑀3
𝑀2
× 100
=
752
3792
× 100
= 19.83% ≈ 20%
Results: The flakiness index of the sample is 20%
Md. Lekhon Miah

7. 7
Data Table:
Sieve Size
(mm)
Gauge Size
Used (mm)
W.T of the
material retained
(gm)
Percent of
the material
retained
Check if
greater than
5%
Flaky
particles
(amount
passed) (gm)
63.0 - - -
50.0 33.9 - -
37.5 26.3 - - -
28.0 19.7 229 6.039% OK -
20.0 14.4 1927 50.817% OK 411
14 10.2 1297 34.20% OK 341
10.0 7.2 339 8.939% OK -
6.3 4.9 - - -
Total Weight M1 = 3792 M2 = 3792 M3 = 752
Md. Lekhon Miah

8. Experiment Name: Flash And Fire Points Of
Bituminous Material.
8
General: Flash point is the lowest temperature corrected to a barometric
pressure of 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg), at which application of a test flame causes
the vapor of a specimen to ignite under specified conditions of test. The material
is deemed to have flashed when a large flame appears and instantly spread itself
over the surface of the specimen.
Parvez Ahmed

9. Fire point is the lowest temperature at which a
specimen will sustain burning for 5 seconds. A
flammable material is the one, which form
flames, but does not sustain fire while a
combustible material is the one, which sustains
fire/burning.
9
Parvez Ahmed

10. 10
Apparatus:
 Cleveland Open Tester
 Shield
 Thermometer
Cleveland Open Tester
Parvez Ahmed

11. 11
Procedure:
Parvez Ahmed
 Clean all the parts of the cup and its accessories thoroughly and allow
them to dry. Ensure all the traces of solvent used for cleaning are
removed.
 Take the bitumen sample in a beaker and heat it to a temperature of 75-
100°C- above its approximate softening point and fill the melted bitumen
in the cup up to the filling mark.
 Fix the clip in position on the cup, insert a thermometer and adjust the
test flame to a size of a bead of about 4 mm diameter.

12. 12
Procedure:
 Note down the temperature when the first distinct flash appears at any
point on the surface of the material. Record this temperature as the flash
point.
 Continue the heating beyond the flash point and applying the test flame
at intervals of 1 °C.
 Note down the temperature when the material ignites and continues to
burn for at least 5 seconds. Record this temperature as fire point.
Pollob Sikder

13. Observed flash point to the nearest 2.8°C, C = 397°C
Observed fire point to the nearest 2.8°C, C = 447°C
Barometric pressure, P = 837 mm Hg.
Calculations:
Corrected flash point, = C + 0.03(760-P)
= 397+0.03×(760-837)
= 394.69°C
Corrected fire point, = C + 0.03(760-P)
= 447+0.03×(760-837)
= 444.69°C
Results: Corrected flash point is 394.69°C and Corrected fire point is 444.69°C.
Pollob Sikder 13

14. Experiment Name: Asphalt Concrete Mix Design By
Marshall Method.
14
General: The Marshall Method of mix design is intended both for laboratory
design and field control of bituminous hot-mix dense graded paving mixtures.
Originally developed by Bruce Marshall of the Mississippi State Highway
Department, the US Army Corps of Engineers refined and added certain features
to Marshall’s approach. Bituminous mixes are used in the surface layer of road
and airfield pavements. The mix is composed usually of aggregate and asphalt
cements. Some types of bituminous mixes are also used in base coarse.
Pollob Sikder

15. 15
The Marshall mix design method consists of 6 basic steps:
1.Aggregate selection
2.Asphalt binder selection
3.Sample preparation (including compaction)
4.Stability determination using the Hveem Stabilometer
5.Density and voids calculations
6.Optimum asphalt binder content selection
Pollob Sikder

16. 16
Apparatus:
 Flat Bottom Metal Pans
 Round Metal Pans
 Oven and Hot Plate
 Scoop
 Containers
 Thermometers
 Balances
 Large Mixing Spoon
 Large spatula.
 Mechanical Mixer
 Compaction Pedestal
 Compaction Mold
 Compaction Hammer
 Mold Holder
 Paper disks
 Steel specimen extractor
 Welders gloves
 Marking Crayons
Aysha Siddika

17. “
”
17
Aysha Siddika
Marshall testing machine Compacted Specimen Specimen is testing on Marshall machine

18. Procedure:
Aysha Siddika
 Prepare the specimen.
 Prepare the Marshall Mold for Marshall test.
 Compact the specimen by using a Compaction Hammer.
 Extract the sample using Marshall machine after 24 hours.
 Test the Marshall stability and flow test in Marshall testing machine.
 Collect the data and Calculate 𝐺𝑚𝑏, 𝐺𝑠𝑒, 𝐺𝑚𝑚, 𝐺𝑠𝑏.
 Find out the %𝑉
𝑎, %VMA, %VFA
18

19. Calculations:
𝐺𝑚𝑏 =
𝑊
𝑎
𝑊
𝑠 − 𝑊
𝑤
Bulk specific gravity of compacted mixture, =
1265
1200 − 639.8
=2.258
Efective specific gravity of aggregate, 𝐺𝑠𝑒 =
𝑃𝑚𝑚 − 𝑃𝑏
𝑃𝑚𝑚
𝐺𝑚𝑚
−
𝑃𝑏
𝐺𝑏
=
100 − 4
100
2.535
−
4
1.030
= 2.699
Sample Calculations;
Maximum specific gravity of paving mixture, 𝐺𝑚𝑚 =
𝑃𝑚𝑚
𝑃𝑠
𝐺𝑠𝑒
−
𝑃𝑏
𝐺𝑏
=
100
96
2.699
−
4
1.030
= 2.535
Aysha Siddika 19

20. Calculations:
Bulk specific gravity for the total aggregate,𝐺𝑠𝑏 =
𝑃1 + 𝑃2 + 𝑃3
𝑃1
𝐺1
+
𝑃2
𝐺2
+
𝑃3
𝐺3
=
33.33 + 33.33 + 33.33
33.33
2.68
+
33.33
2.68
+
33.33
2.77
= 2.710
Air voids in compacted mixture, percent of total volume,%𝑉
𝑎 = 100 ×
𝐺𝑚𝑚 − 𝐺𝑚𝑏
𝐺𝑚𝑚
= 100 ×
2.535 − 2.258
2.535
= 10.93
Aysha Siddika 20

21. Calculations:
Voids in mineral aggregate, %VMA
= 20.01
Voids filled with asphalt, %VFA
= 100 −
𝐺𝑚𝑏 × 𝑃𝑠
𝐺𝑠𝑏
= 100 ×
20.01 − 10.93
20.01
= 45.40
= 100 −
2.258 × 4
2.710
=
%𝑉𝑀𝐴 − %𝑉
𝑎
%𝑉𝑀𝐴
× 100
Rajib Roy 21

22. 22
Data Table:
Asphalt
Content
(Pb)%
Specimen
wt. in air
(Wa) gm
Specimen
wt. in
water
(Ww) gm
Specimen
wt. in air
(SSD) (Ws)
gm
Gmb Unit wt.
(lb/cft)
Gmbx62.4
Gmm Ps
Gsb %Va %VMA %VFA Height of
specimen
(mm)
Correcti
on
factor
Stability
observed
(lbs.)
Correcte
d
stability
(lbs.)
Flow
value
(1/100in.)
4 1265 639.8 1200 2.23 139.15 2.535 96 2.71 10.9
3
20.01 45.40 63.5 0 2407 0 7.5
4.5 1265 639.8 1200 2.23 139.15 2.535 95.5 2.71 10.9
3
20.43 46.51 63.5 0 2257 0 8.2
5 1265 639.8 1200 2.23 139.15 2.535 95 2.71 10.9
3
20.84 47.58 63.5 0 2397 0 8.97
5.5 1265 639.8 1200 2.23 139.15 2.535 94.5 2.71 10.9
3
21.26 48.61 63.5 0 2250 0 9.7
6 1265 639.8 1200 2.23 139.15 2.535 94 2.71 10.9
3
21.67 49.59 63.5 0 2350 0 9.4
Rajib Roy

23. 23
139.15 139.15 139.15 139.15 139.15
135
136
137
138
139
140
3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5
Unit weight, pcf
2407
2257
2397
2250
2350
2250
2285
2320
2355
2390
2425
3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5
Marshall Stability
Percent AC by wt. of mix Percent AC by wt. of mix
Rajib Roy

24. 24
20.1
20.43
20.84
21.26
21.67
18
19
20
21
22
23
3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5
Percent VMA
7.5
8.2
8.97
9.7 9.4
0
5
10
15
20
25
3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5
Flow value
Percent AC by wt. of mix Percent AC by wt. of mix
Rajib Roy

25. 25
45.4 46.51 47.58 48.61 49.59
20
40
60
80
100
3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5
Percent VFA
Percent AC by wt. of mix
Rajib Roy 25