Relative Clauses - Light Version

1. Relative Clauses (1)
PANIZ ESMAEILLOO

2. Look at this example:
The woman w ho lives next door is a doctor.
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Introduction
who lives next door
Relative Clause
 A clause is part of a sentence: “subject + finite verb”
 A Relative Clause tells us what person or thing we mean.

3. Different Kinds of Relative Clauses
The woman o showed the most determination got the job.
Her CV helped her get the job.
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Specifies which woman we mean
Gives non-essential, extra information
who showed the most determination
Defining Relative Clause
, which made a big impression on the interviewers,
Non-defining Relative Clause

4. Different Kinds of Relative Clauses
Defining
Relative Clause
Non-Defining
Relative Clause
 People
 Animals/Things
 People
 Animals/Things
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 Object
 Subject
 Object
 Subject

5. Defining Relative Clauses: people
Non-defining Relative Clauses
Extra Points
5
 We use who and less formally that to refer to people.
 Whom : less modern/very formal
There are many people who/that prefer to study abroad.
He showed me photos of the girl (who/that) he would like to get married
to. Object Can be omitted
Subject

6. Defining Relative Clauses: Things/Animals
Non-defining Relative Clauses
Extra Points
6
 We use that and more formally which to refer to things or animals.
The study which/that she published last month was remarkable.
I saw some pictures of the university (which/that) I am going to study in.
Subject
Object
Can be omitted
I saw some pictures of the university (which/that) I am going to study in.

7. Defining Relative Clauses
Non-defining Relative Clauses
Extra Points
7
 Who for People
 Which for Things or animals
We stayed in the Hilton Hotel, which is one of the bests world wide.
This movie is directed by Asghar Farhadi, who made his international debut by Separation.

8. Defining Relative Clauses
Non-defining Relative Clauses
Extra Points
8
 No that
 No omission
 Comma before and immediately after it