2. Adverbs
The
Question
word
And individual word that
answers are
Adverbs
Where?
When?
How?
3. An adverb can tell the place of the
subject after the verb Be or tell the place
of the action after other verbs.
ADVERBS OF LOCATION
4. Prepositions as adverbs
Certain
prepositions
function as
adverbs when
they are not
followed by
an object
in, inside, out, outside
in front, in back,
behind over, up down,
below, under,
underneath close, near,
far across,
by, past, and through
5. Prepositions as adverbs
Question Answer
Where is he? He is out.
Where do they live? They don’t live far.
Other Adverbs of Location Meaning
here in this place
there in that place
everywhere in all places
nowhere not in any place
not anywhere not in any place
anywhere in all possible places
away in another place
indoors in a building
inside in a building
outdoors not in a building
outside not in a building
upstairs on the floor above
downstairs on the floor below
high a distance above
low a distance below
underneath beiow
6. Prepositions as adverbs
Adverbs of location are usually placed after the
verb.
Question Answer
Where is the airport? It is there.
Where are Alice and Jerry? They are away.
Where are the stores? They are nearby.
Where is Joe? He is here.
Where are you going? 1 am not going far.
Where does he work? He works upstairs.
Where did she go? She went outside
Where have they gone? They have gone ahead.
Where will we see you? We will see you below.
To show surprise or excitement, put the
adverb before the subject:
Here he is! Up you go! Away they went!
7. An adverb can tell the time of the subject after
be or the time of the action after other verbs.
ADVERBS OF TIME
8. Prepositions as adverbs
The prepositions
before functions
as an adverb
when it is not
followed by an
object
Question Answer
Was he here? Yes. He was here before.
Other Adverbs of Time Meaning
now at the present time
then at that time, or after that
soon a short time after now
later after now, after then
afterwards after now, after then
early before the expected time
late after the expected time
momentarily very soon
yet now, as expected
already before now
recently a short time before now
lately a short time before now
still now, as before
not anymore not now, as before
ago a length of time before now
today the present day
tonight today at night
yesterday the day before today
tomorrow the day after today
9. Adjetive + Noun Combinations as
Adverb of Time
the morning of today; can be present or past
It is 9:00 A.M. The sun is shining this morning.
It is 2:00 P.M. It is raining now. The sur was shining this morning.
the afternoon of today; can be present, past, or future It is 9:00
A.M. The sun is shining. It is going to rain this afternoon.
It is 2:00 P.M. It is raining this afternoon.
It is 10:00 P.M. It is clear now, but it was raining this afternoon.
this morning
present
past
this afternoon
future
present
past
10. Adjetive + Noun Combinations as
Adverb of Time
this evening
future
present
past
this week
this Tuesday
this month
this February
the evening of today; can be presen: past, or future
It is 2:00 P.M. It is going to clear up this evening.
It is 7:00 P.M. It is clear this evening.
It is 10:00 P.M. It stopped raining this evening at 6:00 P.M.
the present week
the nearest Tuesday to today; can be past or future
the present month
the nearest February to now; can be past or future
11. Adjetive + Noun Combinations as
Adverb of Time
last night
last week
the week before last
last Friday
last month
last May
last year
next week
the week after next
the night before today
the week before this week
the week before last week
the Friday before now
the month before this month
the May before now
the year before this year
the week after the present week
the week after next week
12. Adjetive + Noun Combinations as
Adverb of Time
next Friday
next month
next May
next year
sometime
the Friday of the present week or the Friday of next week
the month after the present month
the next future May; can be this year or next year
the year after the present year
an unspecified future time
13. Adjetive + Noun Combinations as
Adverb of Time
Adverbs of time are usually placed after the verb.
Question
What time is it?
When is your birthday? When
is the best time? When are
the parties? When was the
wedding? When are you
coming?
When were they studying?
When did she tell you? When
did they move here?
Answer
It is early.
It is this Friday It is now.
They are tomorrow.
It was last week.
I’m coming now.
They were studying then.
She told me recently.
They moved here five years ago.
14. Adjetive + Noun Combinations as
Adverb of Time
Already is placed
• after a form of be:
I am already a doctor.
• after an auxiliary verb:
I have already finished medical school. Fie is already
working on his thesis.
Is she here yet?Yes, she is already here.
No, she isn’t here yet.
• before or after other verbs:
I already studied chemistry.
I studied chemistry already.
Still is placed
• after a form of be:
I am still here.
We are still upstairs.
• after an auxiliary verb:
We are still waiting.
You should still try.
• before other verbs:
Fie still plays golf every day.
I still want to see you.
Are they still talking? Yes, they are still talking.
No, they are not talking anymore.
Exceptions:
15. An adverb can tell the number of times an
action occurs.
ADVERBS OF INSTANCE
16. Adverbs of instance
These adverbs are placed at the end of
the phrase
once one time
twice two times
again one more time
17. Adverbs of instance
Adjective + noun combinations as adverbs:
three times
ten times
a hundred times
18. Adverbs of instance
Question Answer
How many times are you going to call? I’m going to call once.
How many times did you see the movie? I saw it twice.
How many times will they come back? They will come back agair
How many times did you go to the store? We went four times.
19. An adverb can tell the frequency of an action.
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
20. Adverbs of frequency
An adverb can tell the frequency of an action. The adverb
comes before the verb.
I
Question Answer Meaning
How often do you I never study. 0 percent of the time
study? I hardly ever study. almost never
I rarely study. almost never
I seldom study. almost never
I occasionally study. 25-50 percent of the
Time
I often study. 50-75 percent of the
Time
I frequently study. 50-75 percent of the
Time
I usually study. 75-90 percent of the
Time
I always study. 100 percent of the
Time
Sometimes can be placed after the verb or before the subjec
I study sometimes. 25-50 percent of the
Sometimes I study. Time
Once, twice, or x times a week is placed after the verb :
before the subject.
I study twice a week.
Twice a week I study.
21. An adverb can indicate the way an action is
performed.
ADVERBS OF MANNER
22. Adverbs of manner
Most adverbs of manner are formed by
adding –ly to an adjective:
slowly quickly
softly loudly
sweetly sourly
nicely meanly
carefully carelessly
23. Adverbs of manner
When the adjective ends in y, drop the y
and add –ily.
crazy crazily
noisy noisily
busy busily
happy happily
24. Adverbs of manner
When the adjective ends in le, change the
le to -ly.
responsible responsibly
capable capably
comparable comparably
25. Adverbs of manner
A few adverbs are the same as their
corresponding adjectives.
fast fast
hard hard
late late
early early
26. Adverbs of manner
The adverb that corresponds to the adjective good is well.
The adverb that corresponds to the adjective bad is badly.
The adverb is placed after the verb when there is no object.
How do you dance? I dance well.
I dance fast.
I dance badly.
I dance slowly.
27. Adverbs of manner
When there is a direct object, the adverb is placed after it..
How do you dance? I dance the waltz well.
I dance the waltz fast.
I dance the waltz badly.
I dance the waltz
slowly.
28. Adverbs of manner
Do not place the adverb between the verb and the direct object.
Do Not Use: I dance well the
waltz.
Note : Several words that end in ly are adjectives, not adverbs;
they do not have corresponding adverb forms.
friendly lively
ugly lovely
sickly lonely
deadly cowardly
heavenly
30. A) Before adverbs that end in -ly
use more + adverb for a positive comparison:
She works more slowly than I do.
Brenda checks her work more carefully than
Thomas does.
use the most + adverb for the superlative:
She works the most slowly of all.
Brenda checks her work the most carefully of
all
use not as + adverb + as for a negative comparison:
I don’t work as slowly as she does.
31. A) Before adverbs that end in -ly
The negative superlative is rarely used. Use the adjective
instead:
Awkward: Thomas works the least carefully of a
Better: Thomas is the least careful of all.
Even better: Thomas is not as careful
as the other.
32. B) With fastj hard, late, and early,
add -er for a positive comparison:
I work faster than she does.
Brenda works harder than Thomas does.
Brenda works later than Thomas does.
Thomas leaves earlier than Brenda does.
use the + adverb + est for the superlative:
She works the fastest of all.
Brenda works the hardest of all.
Brenda works the latest of all.
Thomas leaves the earliest of all.
33. B) With fastj hard, late, and early,
use not as + adverb + as for a negative comparison:
She doesn’t work as fast as I do.
Thomas doesn’t work as hard as Brenda
does. Brenda doesn’t leave as early as
Thomas does.
use not as + adverb + as + the others for the negative
superlative:
He does not work as fast as the others.
He does not work as hard as the others.
He does not work as late as the others.
She does not leave as early as the others.
34. C) With well
use better for a positive comparison:
She works better than he does.
use the best for the superlative:
Brenda works the best of all.
use worse for a negative comparison:
She plays worse than her friend.
use the worst for the negative superlative:
She plays the worst of all.
35. D) With badly
use not as badly as for a positive comparison
use worse for the comparative
use the worst for the superlative
36. An adverb can indicate the intensify of the action of a verb
ADVERBS THAT INTENSIFY VERBS
37. Adverbs that intensify verbs
almost not quite
nearly not quite
hardly a little, but not enough
scarcely a little, but not enough
only in a limited way
just a little
somewhat a little
well enough in a satisfactory way
really very well
38. Adverbs that intensify verbs
Almost, nearly, hardly, scarcely, only, just, and really
are placed before the verb. When used with a progressive
tense, they separate the be form from the -ing form—
see §9.
A little, very little, somewhat, well enough, and well are
placed after the verb.
39. Adverbs that intensify verbs
Question Answer Meaning
Does the engine run? It almost runs. It doesn’t run but it micrr
Is the engine running? It is almost running. run soon.
It nearly runs. It doesn’t run yet.
It is nearly running.
It hardly runs. It runs very little.
It is hardly running.
It scarcely runs. It runs very little.
It is scarcely running.
It just runs. It runs a little bit.
It is just running.
It runs somewhat. It runs a little bit.
It only runs a little. It just runs somewhat
It runs well enough. It runs in a satisfactory
way.
It really runs. It runs well.
It is really running.
40. An adverb can indicate the intensify of an adjective or of
another adverb
ADVERBS THAT INTENSIFY
ADJECTIVES AND OTHER ADVERBS
