The short seminar about animal circulatory system

1. The Circulatory
System
Prepared By: Nwa osman | Shahang arf | Ashna shiraz

2.  The Circulatory System is
responsible for transporting
materials throughout the entire
body.
 It transports nutrients, water,
and oxygen to your billions of
body cells and carries away
wastes such as carbon dioxide
that body cells produce.
 It is an amazing highway that
travels through your entire body
connecting all your body cells.

3. Component
s Heart
 Blood
 Vessels
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Heart Bloo
d
Arterie
s
Veins
Capillaries

4.  Which gases are transported to and from the body’s
cells by the blood flowing in the circulatory system?
carbon
dioxide
oxygen
Oxygen is the gas needed for respiration and is
transported to the body’s cells.

5.  The circulatory system carries two types of blood
 Arrangement of the circulatory system means that these
two types of blood do not mix.
Oxygen-rich
blood
Oxygen-poor
blood
Blood travelling
to the body cells
 High oxygen content
 Low carbon dioxide content
 Blood travelling
away from the body cells
 Low oxygen content
 High carbon dioxide content

6. Circulatory system in vertebrate
animals
In all animals, except a few simple types, the
circulatory system is used to transport nutrients
and gases through the body.
In all vertebrate organisms,
as well as some invertebrates
, this is a closed-loop system,
in which the blood is not free in a
cavity.

7. Circulatory system in vertebrate animals
In a closed circulatory system,
blood is contained inside blood vessels and
circulates unidirectionallyfrom the heart around
the systemic circulatory route , then returns to
the heart again.

8. Many invertebrates do not have a circulatory system at all.
Their cells are close enough to their environment for
oxygen, other gases, nutrients, and waste products to
simply diffuse out of and into their cells.
E. g Hydra
CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS IN ANIMALS

9. CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS IN ANIMALS
All animals have:
●circulatory fluid = “blood”
●tubes = blood vessels
●muscular pump = heart
open closed

10. OPEN-
The circulatory fluid – Hemolymph (is the same as
interstitial tissue fluid
Hemolymph returns to the heart through pores.The heart
is a tubular structure.
Certain substances are exchanged between the
hemolymph and the cells.

11.  Taxonomy
• Invertebrates
• insects, arthropods, mollusks
 Structure
• no separation
between blood &
interstitial fluid
• hemolymph
Open circulatory system

12.  Circulate blood entirely within vessels.
CLOSED-
 So the blood is distinct from the interstitial fluid.
 Chemical exchange occurs between the blood
and interstitial fluid as well as between interstitial
fluid and body cells.

13. Taxonomy
• Invertebrates
• earthworms, squid, octopuses
• Vertebrates
 Structure
• blood confined to vessels &
separate from interstitial
fluid
• 1 or more hearts large vessels
to smaller vessels
• material diffuses between
blood vessels & interstitial fluid
closed system = higher pressures
Closed circulatory system

14. fish amphibian reptiles birds & mammals
A A
V
V V V
V
A A
A
A
A
V
2 chamber 3 chamber 3 chamber 4 chamber
Evolution of vertebrate circulatory system

15. Evolution of 4-chambered
heart
convergent
evolution
 Selective forces
• increase body size
• protection from predation
bigger body = bigger stomach for herbivores
• endothermy
• can colonize more habitats
• flight
• decrease predation & increase prey capture
 Effect of higher metabolic rate
• greater need for energy, fuels, O2, waste
removal
• endothermic animals need 10x energy
need to deliver 10x fuel & O2 to cells

16. Thanks for listening