Powerpoint presentation about nutrient support. This has the process on how nutrients were taken, absorbed, utilized and how waste materials were eliminated in the body.

1. Nutrient and
Waste
Transport
System

2. Objective
At the end of the lesson, you should be able
to describe the characteristics of the different
organs in the distribution of nutrients and
transportation of wastes.

4. What are the different organs involved in the
nutrient and waste transport in the body?

5. Main Transport System
The main transport system for animals is the
circulatory system. The circulatory
system plays a central role in an organism’s
survival.

6. human circulatory system
 comprises of the: heart, blood, and blood
vessels (closed system of structures which
include the arteries, the veins, and the
capillaries)
 main functions of the circulatory system are to
distribute the nutrients and oxygen to all body
cells and transport waste products to the liver,
kidneys, and lungs.

7. This system works through diffusion—the movement
of molecules from an area of high concentration to an
area of low concentration. In terms of the distribution
of blood throughout the human body, the process of
bulk flow takes place.
Bulk flow is the movement of the blood from an area
high pressure to an area of low pressure through the
action of the heart that pumps the blood and
pressurizes it to flow. This process allows a rapid
transport of blood in all parts of the body.

8. Components of the Circulatory System

9. 1. The Heart
The heart is the muscle that pumps blood
throughout the body.
It consists of four chambers. The top two
chambers are called atria while the bottom
two are called ventricles.

10. 1. The Heart
atria - the receiving chambers for blood
returning to the heart.
The blood from the circulation enters the right
atrium while the reoxygenated blood from the
lungs enters the left atrium.

11. 1. The Heart
the atria are thin-walled chambers because
they need to contract only minimally to
squeeze blood into the ventricles. In contrast,
the ventricles have thicker walls because they
need to contract harder to pump blood out of
the heart and into the circulation. The right
ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary
trunk while the left ventricle ejects blood into
the aorta.

12. The delivery system of the heart is separated
into two circuits: the pulmonary and the
systemic circuits.
Pulmonary circuit, supplied by the right side
the heart, receives the returning blood and
pumps the blood to the lungs for
reoxygenation and dispatch of carbon dioxide.
Systemic circuit, supplied by the left side of
the heart, transports the oxygenated blood to
the entire body.

14. 2. The Blood Vessels
Blood vessels are responsible for the transport of
blood throughout the body. There are three types of
blood vessels: arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries
carry oxygenated blood away from the heart while
veins carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart.
Capillaries are tiny, thin-walled vessels that allow
water, nutrients, and oxygen from the blood to move
to the surrounding tissues and allow wastes to move
out in the opposite direction.

16. 3. The Blood
The blood is a special connective tissue that
distributes essential nutrients, including oxygen
while collecting wastes, such as carbon dioxide.
It consists of a yellowish fluid called plasma,
which contains red blood cells, white blood cells,
and platelets. The red blood
cells have hemoglobin, the protein that
transports oxygen to the different tissues in the
body. This protein also releases the carbon
dioxide picked up from body tissues.

17. The Path of the Circulatory System
The deoxygenated blood passes through the
right side of the heart which pumps it into large
vessels called pulmonary arteries. It then moves
into the lungs where it is 'cleaned' as the carbon
dioxide is exchanged with oxygen. This process
of exchange between the carbon dioxide and
oxygen is called oxygenation. The oxygenated
blood travels back into the heart through the
pulmonary veins.

18. The Path of the Circulatory System
The oxygenated blood is pumped into the largest
blood vessel and the main artery in the human body
called aorta. Before the blood leaves the aorta, it passes
through the small arteries. Then finally, it passes
through the capillaries which distribute it to all the
tissues of the body. Oxygen and nutrients are delivered
to these tissues. Simultaneously, the waste products of
the cells are carried away by the blood. As soon as all
the oxygen is used up, the blood goes into the veins
and travels back into the heart.

19. Closed and Open Circulatory Systems
Humans have closed circulatory system. In a closed
circulatory system, the circulatory fluid or blood is
limited within vessels. The heart pumps blood into
large vessels, branching into smaller vessels and into
different organs. Other animals with closed
circulatory system include squids and earthworms.

20. Closed and Open Circulatory Systems
On the other hand, in an open circulatory system, the
circulatory fluid called haemolymph coats the body
cells. The heart pumps the haemolymph through
circulatory vessels and goes into the sinuses or the
spaces surrounding the organs. Arthropods such as
grasshoppers have open circulatory systems.

21. Application
Illustrate the flow of blood circulation in our body.
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder that causes
mutation in the hemoglobin of the infected person.
As a result, anemia causes the red blood cells to have
an irregular shape. People infected with this disease
usually get tired easily and are easily short of breath.
What is the effect of this disease in the nutrient and
waste transport system of the body?

22. Generalization
What is an alternative transport system in
animals without the circulatory system?

23.  The main transport system for animals is the circulatory system.
 The circulatory system plays a central role in an organism’s survival and
is interconnected with the respiratory system.
 The heart is the muscle that pumps blood throughout the body.
 The delivery system of the heart is separated into two circuits: the
pulmonary and the systemic circuits.
 The pulmonary circuit receives the returning blood and pumps the blood
to the lungs for reoxygenation and dispatch of carbon dioxide.
 The systemic circuit, supplied by the left side of the heart, transports the
oxygenated blood to the entire body.
 Blood vessels are responsible for the transport of blood throughout the
body.
 There are three types of blood vessels: arteries, capillaries, and veins.

24.  Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
 Capillaries are tiny, thin-walled vessels that allow water, nutrients, and oxygen from
the blood to move to the surrounding tissues and allow wastes to move out in the
opposite direction.
 Veins carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart.
 The blood is a special connective tissue consisting of cells surrounded by a fluid
called plasma.
 The plasma is a yellowish liquid and considered as the biggest component of the
blood.
 Red blood cells carry oxygen to the different tissues in the body and pick up
carbon dioxide to be eliminated.
 In a closed circulatory system, the heart pumps blood into large vessels, branching
into smaller vessels and into different organs. On the other hand, in an open
circulatory system, the heart pumps the circulatory fluid called hemolymph through
through circulatory vessels and goes into the sinuses.