Cell division occurs through mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis involves the division of the nucleus to produce two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell. It has five stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, DNA replicates and the cell grows in preparation for division. Mitosis ensures growth, repair, and formation of sex cells through equal distribution of chromosomes to new cells.

1. Cell Division: Mitosis
GIDEON ROBERT UNIVERSITY
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
NSWANA CHING’AMBU

2. Cell Division
• Know
• Cell life cycle
• What is cell division
• Importance of mitosis
• Overview of DNA replication
• Events of cell division
• What is mitosis
• Discuss stages of mitosis

3. Cell Life Cycle
• Cells have two major periods
1. Interphase
• Cell grows
• Cell carries on metabolic processes
2. Cell division
• Cell replicates itself
• Function is to produce more cells for growth
and repair processes

4. Cell Division
• Cell division is the process by which parent
cell divide to form daughter cells
• There are two types of cell division; mitosis
and meiosis
• Importance of cell division
•Formation of sex cells
•Growth of an organism
•Repair of damaged tissue of an organism

5. Overview of DNA Replication
• DNA replication is duplication of
DNA into two copies.
• Genetic material duplicated and
readies a cell for division into two
cells
• Occurs toward the end of interphase
• DNA uncoils and each side serves
as a template

6. Events of Cell Division
1. Mitosis
• Division of the nucleus
• Results in the formation of two daughter nuclei
2. Cytokinesis
• Division of the cytoplasm
• Begins when mitosis is near completion
• Results in the formation of two daughter cells

7. Mitosis
• Mitosis is the type of cell division in which the genetic
material is duplicated producing two daughter cells
that are genetically identical to parent cells
• Daughter cells maintain the diploid number of
chromosomes. Therefore, after mitosis each daughter
cell has 46 chromosomes
• Mitosis occur in somatic cells
• Mitosis is important for growth and repair of an
organism

8. Stages of Mitosis
1. Interphase
• Longest phase of cell life cycle
• No cell division occurs
• The cell carries out normal metabolic activity and growth
• At the end, DNA replication occurs producing two copies

9. Stages of Mitosis
2. Prophase
• First and longest phase of mitosis
• Chromatin condense into chromosomes
• Nuclear envelopes breaks down and nucleus disappear
• Nucleolus disassembles
• Centrioles migrate to the poles

10. Stages of Mitosis
3. Metaphase
• Mitotic spindles of centrioles attach to each pair of
sister chromatids at the centromere
• The pulling effect of spindles align sister chromatids at
the midline of the cell known as metaphase plate

11. Stages of Mitosis
4. Anaphase
• Mitotic spindles split sister chromatids at the
centromere into daughter chromosomes
• Daughter chromosomes are pulled to the opposite
poles of the cell
• The cell become elongated in readiness to split

12. Stages of Mitosis
5. Telophase
• Daughter nuclei begin forming around daughter
chromosomes on both ends of the cell
• A cleavage furrows form, where splitting of the cell takes
place

13. Stages of Mitosis
6. Cytokinesis
• Cytokinesis is the splitting of cytoplasm into two daughter
cells
• Each new cell is identical to the parent cell and contain
some genetic material
• Daughter cells have a diploid number, 46 chromosomes

14. Stages of Mitosis