Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic microorganisms, Difference between prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

1. R. NITHYA M. Sc., M. Phil., (Ph. D)
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
SRI ADI CHUNCAHNAGIRI WOMEN’S COLLEGE, CUMBUM,
THENI DT, TAMIL NADU.

2. PROKARYOTIC CELL
The organisms which do not
contain a nucleus are called
prokaryotes.
The nuclear material is not
surrounded by a nuclear membrane
is called a nucleoid or incipient
Nucleus.

3. EUKARYOTIC CELL
The organisms which contain
a true nucleus are called
Eukaryotes.
Nuclear materials are surrounded
by a nuclear membrane.

4. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
The size is 0.1 – 5.0 um The size is 5 – 100 um

5. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Cell wall, if present, contains
mucopeptide or peptidoglycan
Cell wall, if present, contains cellulose.
Peptidoglycan is absent.

6. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Plasma membrane is present Plasma membrane is present

7. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Nucleoid or incipient nucleus
(not membrane bound)
Nucleus (membrane bound)

8. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Nucleolus absent Nucleolus present

9. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
DNA content is low
DNA is circular
DNA content is high
DNA is linear

10. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Plasmids may occur. Plasmids are rare

11. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Cell organelles such as
mitochondria, Endoplasmic
reticulum, Lysosomes, golgi
apparatus, centrosome and
glyoxysomes are absent.
Cell organelles such as mitochondria, Endoplasmic
reticulum, Lysosomes, golgi apparatus, centrosome
and glyoxysomes are present.

12. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Ribosomes are 70 S Ribosomes are 80 S

13. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Sexual reproduction is absent
Reproduction occur by binary fission,
Budding and fragmentation
Sexual reproduction is present
Mitosis and meiosis

14. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Flagella are smaller
It may have pili and fimbriae
Flagella are longer, have cilia for
movement
Pili and fimbriae are absent

15. PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Examples
Bacteria and Blue green alage
Example
Protozoa, algae, fungi and all animals

16. THANK YOU