In this ppt i give some information regarding identification of insect parasitoids

1. IMPORTANT GROUPS OF PARASITOIDS AND
THEIR IDENTIFICATION CHARACTERS
By,
L.N.NISHA
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2. IMPORTANT SUPER FAMILIES OF
PARASITOIDS- Hymenoptera
Ichneumonoidea
 Ichneumonidae
 Braconidae
Chrysidoidea
 Bethylidae
 Dryinidae
Evanoidea
 Evanidae
 Gasteruptidae
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3. Chalcidoidea
 Chalcididae
 Encyrtidae
 Mymaridae
 Aphelinidae
 Eulophidae
 Eurytomidae
 Trichogrammatidae
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4. Ichneumonidae
 2 Mcu is present (Presence
of two recurrent vein)
 Tergum movable (2nd & 3rd
abdominal tergum not
fused)
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5. Braconidae
 Presence of one recurrent
vein
 2 Mcu – absent
 Tergum immovable
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6. Bethylidae
 Prognathous head
 Two closed cells
 Curved stigmal vein
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7. Dryinidae
 Ant like structure
 Presence of pincer like
structure in foreleg
 Humps in thorax
 Two segmented thorax
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8. Evanidae
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 Very short abdomen
 Flaglike abdomen
 Base of abdomen high
above hind coxae

9. Closer view of an Evanidae
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10. Platygastridae
 Presence of lateral crease
in the middle of abdomen
 Exclusively egg parasitoids
 Antenna 10-13 segmented
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11. Chalcididae
 Important pupal parasitoid
 Hind femur enlarged
 Curved hind tibia
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12. Encyrtidae
 Mesopluron enlarged
 Middle leg arised from the
middle of the mesopluron
 Advanced cercal plates are
present
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13. Mymaridae
 Exclusively egg parasitoids
 H – shaped marking in
head
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14. Eulophidae
 Important pupal parasitoid
 All tarsi 4 segmented
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15. Aphelinidae
 Presence of deep notular
lines
 Gaster sessile- broadly
attached with thorax
 Presence of long marginal
vein
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16. Eucharitidae
 Ant parasitoids
 Hidden pronotum
 Scutellum produced into a
bizzar like structure
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17. Eurytomidae
 Sculptured rectangular
pronotum
 Shiny abdomen
 Seed chalcids- pest of
alfalfa seeds
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18. Leucospidae
 Ovipositor curved upwards
 Hind femur bulged
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19. Torymidae
 Very long ovipositor
 Host- Preying mantid
ootheca
 Hind femur bulged
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20. Trichogrammatidae
 Very important egg
parasitoid
 Very minute parasitoid
 3 segmented tarsi
 Setae arranged in radiating
straight rows
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21. Agonidae
 Fore wing with stigmal
vein at right angles to
anterior wing margin
 Fig wasp- Caprification
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22. Cynipidae
 Commonly called as gall
wasp
 Presence of triangular cell
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23. Diapriiadae
 Presence of facial
prominence in head
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24. Ceraphronatidae
 Presence of curved stigmal
vein
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25. Gasteruptidae
 Slender neck
 Parasitoids of stem
boring beetles
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26. Important Dipteran parasitoids
 Sturmiopsis inferens
 A tachinid parasitoid
belongs to the family
Tachinidae
 Parasitic on sugarcane
top shoot borer
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27. Tachinid parasitoid
 Spogosia bezziana
 A tachinid parasitoid,
which is parasitic on
coconut black headed
caterpillar (BHC)
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28. Pipunculidae- Big headed flies
 Because of the holoptic
eyes
 Entire head is covered by
eyes
 Parasitc on midges and
gnats
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29. Important Lepidopteran parasitoid
 Epiricania melanoleuca
 Parasitic on sugarcane
leaf hopper Pyrilla
 Only lepidopteran
parasitoid
 Nymphal and adult
parasitoid
 Ecto-parasitoid
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30. Hosts of some important insect parasitoids
 Ichneumonidae- The larvae and pupae of Coleoptera,
Lepidoptera and Diptera
 Braconidae- Feeds on aphids and other lepidopteran
caterpillars
 Bethylidae- Larval parasitoid. Maternal care is present.
Parasitic on caterpillars.
 Dryinidae - Highly parasitic on Delphacidae and Cicadellidae
 Evanidae- Parasitoids of cockroach ootheca
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31. Hosts of some important insect parasitoids
 Encyrtidae- Parasitic on nymphs and adults of mealybugs and
scales
 Mymaridae- Prefer embedded eggs. Eggs of hoppers, Odonates and
Dyticids
 Aphelinidae- Nymphs and adults of scales and whiteflies
 Eucharitidae- Parasitic on ant larva
 Eupelmidae- Eggs of heteropterans. Parasitise fully grown
cockroach
 Eurytomidae- Gall forming hymenoptera. Damage to seeds
 Leucospidae- Larvae of vespidae and specidae
 Torymidae- Preying mantid ootheca
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32. Points to be remember
Poly-embryonic parasitoids
 Platygastridae
 Encyrtidae
 Dryinidae
Exclusively egg parasitoids
 Trichogrammatidae
 Platygastridae
 Mymaridae
Important pupal parasitoids
 Eulophidae
 Chalcididae
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