10. MEDIEVAL PERIOD (700-1400)
Historical and Cultural Background
âť‘ Also known as the Middle Ages or
Dark Ages.
âť‘ It started with the fall of the Roman
Empire.
âť‘ During this time, the Christian Church
influenced Europe’s culture and
political affairs.
11. âť‘ During the Middle Ages, classical civilization
was transformed by contact with three
cultures: Germanic invaders, Christianity, and
Islam.
âť‘ The Western values of individualism,
consensual government, and a recognition of
religious differences began to emerge during
the Middle Ages.
MEDIEVAL PERIOD (700-1400)
Historical and Cultural Background
12. MEDIEVAL PERIOD (700-1400)
Historical and Cultural Background
âť‘ People in the Renaissance named the period the Middle Ages
because it was considered a culturally empty time that
separated the Renaissance from the Classical past, which it
admired.
âť‘ The Middle Ages is mistakenly thought of as a culturally
homogeneous period, but this period contains many different
kinds of people of many different cultures.
13. MEDIEVAL PERIOD (700-1400)
Historical and Cultural Background
âť‘ As the Middle Ages developed, the Catholic
Church gradually extended its spiritual and
institutional authority across most of Europe.
âť‘ Although the period is often described as an
“age of faith,” the commitment to Catholic
Christianity was neither uniform nor lacking
in an understanding of its complexities and
contradictions.
14. MEDIEVAL PERIOD (700-1400)
Historical and Cultural Background
âť‘ The period is also described as an
“age of chivalry.”
âť‘ The code of chivalry stressed
gentility, generosity, concern for the
powerless, and a capacity for
experiencing selfless and passionate
romantic love.
15. Other Arts form
MEDIEVAL PERIOD
âť‘ Medieval Arts were represented by the Byzantine, Romanesque and
Gothic Era. Byzantine art made to glorify the Christian Religion and to
express its mystery.
âť‘ It was filled with spiritual symbolism and illustrated a love of
splendour.
âť‘ It was a combination of Eastern (decorative art forms) and Classical
Western Art (naturalistic art).
16. Other Arts form
MEDIEVAL PERIOD
âť‘ Romanesque art was characterized by its very
vigorous style in painting and sculpture, lavishly
decorated manuscripts and retained many basic
features of Roman Architectural styles.
âť‘ It was greatly influenced by Byzantine Art with a
highly innovative and coherent style.
âť‘ Gothic Art reinforced symbolic meaning.
18. REFLECTION
“Music is timeless. Melodies from the past can be still heard today.
Tunes may be played differently in the techno-world, but one thing
never changes, Music will always be part of man’s everyday life.”
Direction: In 3-5 sentences, answer the passage below.
21. Listen to the sample music from the
Medieval and then identify the mood
of the song or how you feel about
each of the songs. Give as many
adjectives as possible to describe the
song or music.
PRELIMINARY ACTIVITY
22. 1. Which music were you familiar
with? Where did you hear it
before?
2. How were you able to come up
with the words that describe the
song just by listening to it?
FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONS
24. âť‘ Medieval music consists of songs,
instrumental pieces, and liturgical
music from about 500 A.D. to 1400.
âť‘ Medieval music was an era of
Western music, including liturgical
music (also known as sacred) used for
the church, and secular music, non-
religious music.
25. âť‘ The Medieval music is classified into two
types.
âť‘ The Sacred or religious music and the
secular or non-religious music.
âť‘ Sacred music was written specifically
for use in religious services
âť‘ Secular music was composed for
purposes other than religious.
27. âť‘ Gregorian chant is a form of monophonic
religious music in Western Christianity
that accompanied the celebration of
mass and other ritual services.
âť‘ It is named after Pope Gregory I .
âť‘ This vast collection of chants is one of the
oldest music known.
GREGORIAN CHANT
28. âť‘ In the beginning the chants were learnt
orally.
âť‘ Later, in the 10th century, the first
written repertoire appeared.
âť‘ The earliest notation used symbol called
neumes to indicate tone-movements and
relative duration within each syllable
but not specific pitches of individual
notes.
GREGORIAN CHANT
29. âť‘ By the 13th century the neumes of
Gregorian chant were usually written in
square notation on a four-line staff with a
clef.
âť‘ Gregorian chant is written in Latin and was
normally sung in unison without
instruments (acapella) so its texture is
monophonic.
❑ There isn’t a beat or regular metric accent.
GREGORIAN CHANT
32. âť‘ During the latter part of the Medieval
Period, Secular music which was not
bound by Catholic traditions emerged.
âť‘ Most of these songs were performed
across Europe by groups of wandering
poet musicians called Troubadours.
TROUDBADOUR MUSIC
33. âť‘ Troubadour is the generic term for
poets and minstrels who flourished in
Southern France and in Northern Italy
from the 11th through the 13th centuries.
âť‘ These artist converted storytelling into
an arts and often entertained huge
crowds at fairs, weddings and other
medieval celebrations.
TROUDBADOUR MUSIC
34. ❑ It tells of chivalric values “Honor and
bravery of the knights or cavaliers and
one-sided love or unattainable object of
affection.
âť‘ Troubadour music uses French language
and sometimes performed with
instrumental accompaniment.
TROUDBADOUR MUSIC
36. MUSICAL ELEMENTS
GREGORIAN CHANT (Sacred Music) TROUBADOUR MUSIC (Secular Music)
MONOPHONIC USUALLY, MONOPHONIC
FREE METER SOMETIMES WITH IMPROVISED
ACCOMPANIMENT
MODAL TELLS OF CHIVALRY AND COURTLY
LOVE
USUALLY BASED ON LATIN LITURGY ORIGINATED IN FRANCE
USE OF NEUME NOTATION WRITTEN IN FRENCH LANGUAGE
38. INTRODUCTION…
⮚ During the Middle Ages, most of the music was vocal and
unaccompanied.
⮚ The church wanted to keep music pure and solemn because it was less
distracting.
⮚ The oldest Medieval musical instrument was the human voice.
⮚ The spread of Christianity in the Dark Ages and the early Medieval
period led to the popularity of hymns and secular songs.
39. ⮚ The lute was a popular instrument used by medieval musicians.
41. ⮚ There were also some wind
instruments, horns and flutes.
⮚ Some of these instruments are the:
âś” Hurdy-Gurdy
âś” Zither
âś” Recorder
âś” Babypipes
âś” Cornamuse
âś” Bladderpipe
âś” Doleimer
âś” Zink
âś” Serpent.
43. ⮚ Adam de la Halle
o Adam le Bossu (Adam the Hunchback).
o He was the son of a well – known citizen
of Arras, Henri de la Halle.
o He received his education at the
Cistercian Abbey of Vaucelles, near
Cambral. Adam was destined for the
church but he eventually married.
45. ⮚ Adam de la Halle
o His musical play, Jeu de Robin et
Marion‖ was considered the earliest
surviving secular French play with
music.
46. In the next slides are videos of the Philippine
version of music used in the Medieval
period. Listen and answer the questions that
follow.
1. How do you describe a Gregorian Chant? Can
you name a song that can be sung in the same
manner?
2. What can you say about the music during the
Medieval period?
ACTIVITY:
48. 1. Explain briefly the performance practice
of the Medieval, Periods?
2. What was the difference between Sacred
and Secular Music during the Medieval
period?
ESSAY:
