6. 1. Upward Communication
Many firms define formal channels
for upward communications.
These channels encourage
communication from employees to
supervisors and upward to top
management levels.
9. It takes place at different levels in hierarchy.
The transfer of information between people who are
neither in the same department nor on the same level
of organization hierarchy.
10. 2. Informal Communication
• Informal communication occurs when people come together
and talk about their working conditions, family , co-workers
etc
• Rumor, gossip, etc, are the examples of informal
communication