This document presents a process for manufacturing 20 tons of paper per month. It includes: - A flow diagram showing the key steps of web forming, pressure rolling, and drying. - Material balances for each step calculating the mass flow rates of pulp, water, and paper. - An energy balance calculating the heat required to dry the pulp from 60% to 5% water content using hot air at 110°C in a cylindrical dryer. The heat calculations account for the heat of the pulp, water, hot air, and water removed.

1. ERODE SENGUNTHAR
ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(An Autonomous Institution)
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Permanently Affiliated to Anna University- Chennai,
Accredited by National Board of Accreditation (NBA), New Delhi &
National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC), Bangalore with ‘A’ Grade
PERUNDURAI -638 057, TAMILNADU, INDIA.
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER 20 TONNES PER MONTH
PRESENTED BY
HARISH SS (ES20CH20)
MANOJ KUMAR V (ES20CH33)
NAVEEN A (ES20CH39)
LINGESH K (ES21LCH01)
GUIDED BY
Mr. P. AJAY,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING,
ERODE SENGUNTHAR ENGINEERING

2. Flow Diagram:

3. Reaction:
• 10(C6H10O5).H2O 10(C6H10O5)+10H2O

4. Basis:
Manufacture of paper Kg/day=20tons/Month
=20*1000/31Kg/day
=20000/31Kg/day
=645.16Kg/day
99.5%conversion=(645.16*0.995)+645.16
=1055.71kg/day
Feed Of pulp with water=1055.71kg/day

5. Material Balance:
Web Forming
Pulp +Water
10% Fillers
Pulp+80%Water
Stream Inlet(Kgday) Outlet(Kgday)
Pulp+H20 1055.71 -----------------
Fillers 10% 105.571 -----------------
Pulp with 80%H2O ------------------ 1161.288
Total 1161.288 1161.288

6. Material Balance:
Pressure Section or Roll
Pulp +80%Water Pulp+60%Water
Stream Inlet(Kgday) Outlet(Kgday)
Pulp+80%H20 1161.288 -----------------
60%H2O ------------------ 129.032
Pulp with 60%H2O ------------------ 1032.250
Total 1161.288 1161.288

7. Material Balance:
Dryer
Pulp +60%Water Paper
Stream Inlet(Kgday) Outlet(Kgday)
Pulp+60%H20 1032.250 -----------------
5%H2O ------------------ 677.418
Final Roll(Paper) ------------------ 645.16
Total 1032.250 1032.250

8. Material Balance:
Callendria
Paper Smooth Paper
Stream Inlet(Kgday) Outlet(Kgday)
Paper 645.16 645.16

9. Energy Balance
Cylindrical
Dryer
Pulp with
60% Of water
at 800C
Pulp with 5%
Of water at
1050C
Hot Air at
1100C
Removal of
water 55%
at 98°C

10. Cylindrical Dryer
Inlet Temperature(Pulp with water)=800C
Inlet Temperature (Hot Air)=1100C
Outlet Temperature(Pulp with Water)=1050C
Outlet Temperature(Water) =980C
INLET:
Specific Heat Capacity of Pulp(Cp)=1.9J/g0C
Specific Heat Capacity of Water(Cp)=4.179J/g0C
Specific Heat Capacity of Hot Air(Cp)=1.010J/g0C
Q=MCp ∆T
Heat of Pulp= MCp ∆T
=0.4*1032.250*1.9*(105-80)
=19612.75KJ/day

11. Heat of Water = MCp ∆T
=0.6*1032.250*4.179*(105-80)
=64706.59KJ/day
Heat of Hot Air = MCp ∆T
=73666.025*1.010*(110-80)
=892832.2232KJ/day
Total Heat=19612.75+64706.59+892832.2232
=977151.5657 KJ/day

12. OUTLET:
Specific Heat Capacity of Pulp(Cp)=1.75J/g0C
Specific Heat Capacity of Water(Cp)=4.189J/g0C
Specific Heat Capacity of Hot Air(Cp)=1.009J/g0C
Specific Heat Capacity of Water(Cp)at 980C=4.1812J/g0C
Heat of Pulp = MCp ∆T
=0.95*1032.250*1.75*(110-105)
=8580.5781 KJ/day
Heat of Water = MCp ∆T
=0.05*1032.250*4.189*(110-105)
=108.12856KJ/day

13. Heat of Hot Air = MCp ∆T
=73666.025*1.009*(110-98)
=891948.2307KJ/day
Heat of Water(Removed) = MCp ∆T
=0.55*1032.250*4.1812*(110-98)
=19612.75KJ/day
Total Heat = 8580.5781+108.12856+891948.2307+19612.75
=902598.KJ/day
Heat Supplied =INLET-OUTLET
= 977151.56 -929122.81
=48028.75Kg/day

14. THANK YOU