Grammar Review 1

1. Grammar
Review 1

2. Troublesome Verbs
Some pairs of verbs are confusing
because they have similar
meanings or because they look
alike.

3. Sit/Set
Present
Sit
My little brother
sits still for only a
few minutes at a
time.
Past
Sat
My little brother
sat beside my
mom yesterday.
Past Participle
Have/has/had
Sat
My little brother has
sat in that seat before.
Set
Mom set the cake
on the table.
Set
Mom set the
cake on the table
this morning.
Have/has/had
Set
Before mom left, she
had set the cake on
the table.

4. Sit
• Sit means “to be seated”
or “at rest”
• Example: I will sit in the
easy chair.

5. Set
• Set means
• “to put something in a place.”
• Example: The workers have set
their equipment there.
• Hint: replace the verb with
“put” if it makes sense then you
use the verb set.

6. Lie/Lay
Present
Lie
My teddy bear
lies on my bed
all day.
Past
Lay
My teddy bear lay
on my bed
yesterday.
Past Participle
Have/has/had
Lain
Have those bears lain
outside too long?
Lay
Lay the teddy
bear on my bed,
please.
Laid
My friend laid the
teddy bear on the
bed.
Have/has/had
Laid
We have laid the
teddy bear on the
bed.

7. Lie
• Lie generally means “to recline,” “to be in a place,”
or “to remain lying down.”
• Example: The beam is lying near the edge.

8. Lay
Lay generally means
“to put something down.”
The workers are laying the
beams near the edge.
Hint: replace the verb with
“put” if it makes sense then
you use the verb lay.

9. Let/Leave
Let
She lets her
sister use
her i-pad.
Let
She let her
sister use her
i-pad
yesterday.
Have/has/had
Let
She had let her
sister use her i-pad
yesterday before
she left.
Leave
We leave
school early
during
exams.
Left
We left school
early last
week.
Have/has/had
Left

10. Let
“let” means to allow.
My mother lets me help her prepare the salad.

11. Leave
“leave” means to go away.
I don’t want to leave my school.

12. Choose the correct verb to complete the
sentences.
1. I ( sit, set ) in the same desk every period.
2. They ( sit, set ) the books on the table.
3. She ( lays, lies) down on the bed to rest.
4. She had ( laid, lain) the tools on the workbench.
5. Let’s ( leave, let) it up to him.
6. If you told me you needed a ride, I would have
( let, left) earlier.

13. 1. I ( sit, set ) in the same desk every period.
2. They ( sit, set ) the books on the table.
3. She ( lays, lies) down on the bed to rest.
4. She had ( laid, lain) the tools on the workbench.
5. Let’s ( leave, let) it up to him.
6. If you told me you needed a ride, I would have
( let, left) earlier.

14. Prepositions and
Prepositional Phrases

15. A word that shows a relationship
between a noun or pronoun and
some other word in the sentence.
The baseball player in the
white shirt
hit a homerun.

16. Common Prepositions
About around by into over until
Above at down near through up
Across before for of to with
After below from on toward
Against between in onto under

17. The baseball player in the
white shirt
hit a homerun.
OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
The noun or pronoun that ends a
prepositional phrase.

18. It always begins with a
preposition and ends with a
noun or pronoun.
Examples:

19. The lizard climbed uponthe wall.

20. Identify the prepositional phrases and the
objects of the preposition:
1.The paper with the blue border is
floating through the air.
2.With great ease, Michael jumped
up on the table.

21. v
1.The paper with the blue border is
floating through the air.
2. With great ease, Michael jumped
up on the table.

22. Subject
and
Object Pronouns

23. Subject Pronouns
Subject pronouns are pronouns
that are in the nominative case
(That means they are the subject!)

24. Subject Pronouns!
• Example:
o Rita likes books! She loves them so much!
• In this case SHE is the subject pronoun.
• It replaces Rita.

25. Subject Pronouns
Singular Plural
I
You
He, She
It
We
You
They

26. 1. Gwendolyn Brooks writes poems about
everyday life; she is very famous.
2. He was born in Topeka, Kansas but grew
up in Chicago.
3. In 1949 she wrote a poetry collection
called Annie Allen.
4. I have read the book and the poems
fascinate me.
Identify the subject pronouns in the following
sentences.

27. 1. Gwendolyn Brooks writes poems about
everyday life; she is very famous.
2. He was born in Topeka, Kansas but grew
up in Chicago.
3. In 1949 she wrote a poetry collection called
Annie Allen.
4. I have read the book and the poems
fascinate me.

28. Object Pronouns
• An object pronoun is a pronoun in the
objective case of a verb or a preposition.
• It’s “The Receiver” of the action
• This means two things:
o It is in the predicate of the sentence.
o It is the OBJECT of the sentence.

29. Object Pronouns
• Example:
o The burning potato chip truck amuses
Olivia. The potatoes flying everywhere
amuse her, too.
• In this case her is the object pronoun.
Her replaces Olivia.

30. Object Pronouns
Singular Plural
Me
You
Him, her
It
Us
You
Them

31. Identify the object pronouns in the following
sentences.
1. Slang and rhythms of jazz and blues are
important to her.
2. The poet Langston Hughes gave her
literary advice.
3. Brooks taught poetry to student, she was
a role model for them.
4. The poems fascinate me.

32. 1. Slang and rhythms of jazz and blues are
important to her.
2. The poet Langston Hughes gave her
literary advice.
3. Brooks taught poetry to student, she was a
role model for them.
4. The poems fascinate me.

33. Using Pronouns Correctly
When using a pronoun in a pair:
**ALWAYS put the pronoun second
Seth and I read some comic books.
(Not I and Seth)
Notice that “I” is used in the sentence not “me”
because it is the subject.
Science interests Mike and me.
(Not me and Mike).
Notice that “me” is used in the sentence not “I”
because it is the object.
V.
V.

34. PRONOUNS AND ANTECEDENTS
Antecedent:
The noun or group of words that a pronoun
refers to
Example:
Tyler read “The Hungry Caterpillar.” He
found it exciting.
ANTECEDENT of he  Tyler

35. Pronouns
and
Antecedents

36. PRONOUNS AND ANTECEDENTS
RULE FOR PRONOUNS and
ANTECEDENTS:
1. Pronoun must agree with
antecedent in number
(singular or plural) and gender.
2. The gender of a noun may be
male, female, or neuter
(referring to things).

37. Fill in the blanks with the correct pronoun:
1. John gave ______old textbooks to a friend.
2. When Jack and Tim slipped on the step, _____ fell.
3. After we saw the show, _____went out for dinner.
4. ______ always try to be helpful to her classmates.

38. 1. John gave his old textbooks to a friend.
2. When Jack and Tim slipped on the step, they
fell.
3. After we saw the show, we went out for
dinner.
4. She always try to be helpful to her
classmates.

39. Indefinite Pronouns
An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun that does
not refer to a particular person, place, or thing.
Example:
Does anyone know where Mr. Malloy went?
Everyone thought he was hiding in a locker.

40. Some Indefinite Pronouns
Singular Plural
another everybody no one
anybody everyone nothing
anyone everything one
anything much somebody
each neither someone
either nobody something
both
few
many
others
Several
All
some

41. Indefinite Pronouns
When an indefinite pronoun is used as the
subject, the verb must agree with it in number.
EXAMPLE:
Everyone discusses the dance last Friday. (singular)
Both talk about how fun it was! (plural)
All of the middle schoolers were dancing fools. (plural)

42. Reflexive Pronouns

43. Reflexive pronouns reflect the action of the
verb back on the subject.
I
YOU
HE
SHE
IT
WE
YOU
THEY
MYSELF
YOURSELF
HIMSELF
HERSELF
ITSELF
OURSELVES
YOURSELVES
THEMSELVES

44. Fill in the blanks with the correct reflexive pronoun.
• Hugo must be crazy! He is talking to ______________ .
• You owe ____________ a break. Why don’t you two
travel?
• Ben and his brother are buying ____________ a new
BMW.
• Bianca thinks she is really beautiful because she usually
sees ____________ at the mirror for hours.

45. • Hugo must be crazy! He is talking to himself .
• You owe yourselves a break. Why don’t you
two travel?
• Ben and his brother are buying themselves a
new BMW.
• Bianca thinks she is really beautiful because
she usually sees herself at the mirror for hours.