4. Among the three types of conjunctions, this is probably the most
common one. The main function of coordinating conjunctions is to join words,
phrases, and clauses together, which are usually grammatically equal. Aside from
that, this type of conjunctions is placed in between the words or groups of words
that it links together, and not at the beginning or at the end.
5. joins two similar ideas…
and this and that
bread and butter
milk and honey
I am tired. I am hungry.
I am tired and hungry.
I did my homework. I cleaned my room.
I did my homework and cleaned my room.
Conjunction
6. joins two contrasting
(opposite) ideas…
but Not this but that
Not apples but oranges
I looked everywhere. I could not find my book.
I looked everywhere but I could not find my book.
He is small. He is strong.
He is small but strong.
Conjunction
7. shows a choice between two or
more options…
or
We can go to the movies. We can stay at home.
We can go to the movies or stay at home.
Should I have my bath? Should I have dinner?
Should I have my bath or dinner?
Conjunction
coffee or tea
right or wrong
8. Subordinating Conjunction
This type of conjunctions is used in linking two clauses together. Aside
from the fact that they introduce a dependent clause, subordinating conjunctions also
describe the relationship between the dependent clause and the independent clause
in the sentence.
While ,as soon as , although , Before , even if , Because , no matter how ,
Whether ,
Wherever , when etc.
Examples
It is so cold outside, so I brought you a jacket.
Because it is so cold outside, I brought you a jacket.
9. as
shows two events happening at
the same time.
I saw my sister. I was leaving.
I saw my sister as I was leaving.
I was playing the piano. My mother was cooking.
I was playing the piano as my mother was cooking.
Conjunction
10. Correlative Conjunction
The correlative conjunctions are simply pairs of conjunctions which are used to join equal
sentence elements together.
List of Common Correlative Conjunctions:
either… or
neither… nor
not only… but also
both… and
whether… or
so… as
Examples
Both my brother and my father are lawyers.
I can’t decide whether I’ll take Chemical Engineering or take Medical Technology in college.
11. She is both intelligent and beautiful.
I will either go for a hike or stay home and watch TV.
Jerry is neither rich nor famous.
He is not only intelligent, but also very funny.
12. WHAT ARE PRONOUNS???
A pronoun can replace a noun or
another pronoun. You use
pronouns like "he," "which,"
"none," and "you" to make
your sentences less cumbersome
and less repetitive.
14. A personal pronoun refers to a specific person or thing and changes
its form to indicate person, number, gender, and case.
A subjective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting
as the subject of the sentence
An objective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting
as an object of a verb, compound verb, preposition, or infinitive
phrase
15. Subject Of pronouns Object Of Pronouns
I Me
You You
They Them
We Us
He Him
She Her
It It
16. Subjective personal pronoun :
We will meet at the library at 3:30 p.m.
Objective personal pronoun :
Deborah and Roberta will meet us at the newest café in the market.
17. Possessive pronouns are used to talk about things that belong to people. The
words mine, yours, his, hers, ours and theirs are possessive pronouns.
Example :
The red basket is mine.
Theirs will be delivered tomorrow
18. Singular personal pronoun Possessive pronouns
I , me Mine
You Yours
He ,him His
She, her hers
Plural personal pronoun Possessive pronouns
We ,us Ours
You Yours
They , them theirs
19. A demonstrative pronoun points to and identifies a noun or a pronoun. "This" and
"these" refer to things that are nearby either in space or in time, while "that" and
"those" refer to things that are farther away in space or time.
The demonstrative pronouns are "this," "that," "these," and "those." "This" and
"that" are used to refer to singular nouns or noun phrasesand "these" and "those"
are used to refer to plural nouns and noun phrases. Note that the demonstrative
pronouns are identical todemonstrative adjectives, though, obviously, you use
them differently. It is also important to note that "that" can also be used as a
relative pronoun.
20. This must not continue.
That is a good idea.
These are hilarious cartoons.
21. An interrogative pronoun is used in a question. It helps to ask about something.
The interrogative pronouns are what, which, who, whom, and compound words
ending in "ever," such as whatever, whichever, whoever, and whomever.
Example :
What on earth is that?
Who ate the last Fig Newton?
An interrogative pronoun may look like an interrogative adjective, but it is used
differently in a sentence: it acts as a pronoun, taking the place of a noun.
22. An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun referring to an identifiable but not specified
person or thing. An indefinite pronoun conveys the idea of all, any, none, or some.
The most common indefinite pronouns are "all," "another," "any," "anybody,"
"anyone," "anything," "each," "everybody," "everyone," "everything," "few," "many,"
"nobody," "none," “no one," "several," "some," "somebody," and "someone."
23. Many like salsa with their chips.
I don’t know anyone here
No one come to the class today
24. A relative pronoun introduces a clause, or part of a sentence, that describes a
noun. The relative pronouns are that, which, who, and whom.
Examples:
You should bring the book that you love most.
That introduces "you love most," which describes the book.
Hector is a photographer who does great work.
Who introduces "does great work," which describes Hector
25. A reflexive pronoun refers back to the subject of a sentence. The reflexive
pronouns are herself, himself, itself, myself, ourselves, themselves, and
yourselves. Each of these words can also act as an intensive pronoun (see below).
Examples :
I learned a lot about myself at summer camp. (Myself refers back to I.)
They should divide the berries among themselves. (Themselvesrefers back
to they.)
26. An intensive pronoun emphasizes its antecedent (the noun that comes before it).
The intensive pronouns are herself, himself, itself, myself, ourselves,
themselves, and yourselves. Each of these words can also act as a reflective
pronoun (see above).
27. The Prime Minister himself said that he would lower taxes.
They themselves promised to come to the party even though they
had a final exam at the same time.