Computer applications in Management

1. TRANSMISSION
MEDIA
PRESENTED BY:
MUNISH KUMAR
MBA 1ST YEAR
16M910

2. INDEX
 INTRODUCTION
 WIRED/GUIDED MEDIA & UNGIDED/ WIRELESS MEDIA
 TWISTED PAIR
 UTP CABLE
 STP CABLE
 COAXIAL CABLE
 OPTICAL FIBER
 RF PROPAGATION
 MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION
 SATELLITE TRANSMISSION
 INFRARED WAVE, Wi-Fi

3. INTRODUCTION
 TRANSMISSION MEDIA : Refer to physical media through which
data can be transfer from one point to another.
 Electromagnetic signal are transferred.(Electromagnetic
Spectrum)
 Electromagnetic Spectrum consist of power, voice, waves, infrared
light, UV,X-rays etc.
 These signals transmitted through vacuum, air or other media.

4. ELECROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

5. GUIDED
MEDIA
UNGUIDED
MEDIA
TRANSMISSION
MEDIA

6. GUIDED / WIRED MEDIA
 It use cabling system.
 Cables composed of copper, tin, or silver.
 Data signal in guided medium is bound by cabling system.
Wired Media
Twisted
pair Coaxial
cable
Optical
fiber

7. Twisted Pair
 In this there is twisted pair of insulated conductor.
 Its biggest network in the world, telephonic network starts from twisted pair
cabling.
 Each pair consist of wire ,used for receiving data & transmitting the data
signal.
 Used in short distance communication.
UTP
CABLE
STP
CABLE
TWISTED
PAIR

8. Unshielded twisted pair
 Used for both data & voice transmission hence it is used telephone system.
 4 pairs of wire have different nos. of twist/ inch.
 Tighter twist proportional to high transmission rate & cost per foot.
 Each pair consist of two conductors have Own colored insulation.

9. shielded twisted pair
 In addition to UTP there is metal foil covering that cover each pair of
insulated conductor.
 To prevent infiltration of electromagnetic noise.
 It eliminate cross talk in telephonic talk.
 Extra shielding made cable quite bulky.
 All signaling is baseband based for twisted pair.
COAXIAL CABLE

10. Coaxial Cable
 As a name indicates single axis that is solid wire conductor (usually
Cu).
 Conductor is surrounded by insulator.
 Shield is sleeve of metal to block out side interface.
 Jacket it is on shield in thick ratio (PVC)
 Offer high band width ,compare with twisted pairs.
 It support greater cable length b/w networks devices as compare to twisted pairs.
 Highly resistant to signal interface.
 Speed of data transmission 10 MB/s
 Use in TV networks.
 Installation is bit difficult, & cost per foot high.

11. Optical fiber
 As a name indicates it consist of thin glass fiber.
 Narrow stand of glass that is called core.(62.5x 1/10^6 m) diameter.
 Concentric layer of glass called cladding, diameter is twice of core.
 Plastic protective coating called jacket.
 It used for long distance transmission of data.
 Cladding is amplify or modulating the signal.
 TIR : total internal reflection. Working principle of optical fiber.
 One signal fiber = pack of 100 of fiber, 1 fiber =1000 twisted pair wire.
 Most expensive, difficult to install, modification & error finding is also
difficult.

12. OPTICAL FIBER TIR EFFECT

13. UNGUIDED / WIRE LESS
 As name indicates its wireless transmission media.
 Medium is air, water or vacuum.
 Faster & wide area covering.
 Data signals are not guided to follow fixed
channel.

14. RF
propagation
Microwave
transmission
Satellite
transmission
Infrared
wave
transmission
Bluetooth &
Wi-Fi.

15. RADIO FREQUNCY PROPAGATION
Signals carried by carrier waves which have
frequency in RF spectrum . This propagation
further divided .
RF propagation
Ground wave
propagation
Ionosphere
propagation
Line of sight

16. GROUND PROPAGATION
 Ground propagation follows curvature of earth.
 Carrier frequency up to 2MHz.

17. IONOSPHERIC PROPAGATION.
 Signal waves bounces off the earth ionosphere. Layer in upper atmosphere.
 Carrier frequency 30-85 MHz
 It is dependent of timing & weather conditions.

18. LINE OF SIGHT
 As name shows it is based upon line of sight.
 Follow earth curvature ( maximum distance b/w to station is 50 km).
 Also known as tropospheric propagation or space wave propagation.

19. MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION
 Use of MICROWAVE signals having high frequency.
 It uses parabolic antennas.
 It is for long distance data transmission, with the help of repeaters.
 Distance b/w repeaters goes up with square root of tower height. D=h^2

20. Satellite transmission
 It is kind of line of sight transmission.
 satellite placed in geostationary orbits , which rotates in synchronization to
earth.( geostationary orbits 36000 km from earth)
 Communication carried through uplink & down links. Also called earth
stations.
 Area cover by satellite for transmission data called footprint.

21. Infrared wave transmission
 Infrared frequency below the visible spectrum.
 Used for short range communication.
 Waves are cheap , directional can easily built.
 Examples TV remotes, LAN, garage doors, wireless speaker , mobile phone
etc.

22. Bluetooth….
 It is inbuilt in devices like phone & laptops.
 It use to creates personal area network.
 The working range is 10 m.
 Its key feature is low complexity and low power consumption.

23. Wi -fi
 Wi-Fi indicates Wireless fidelity for wireless LANs
& wireless internet access.
 Wi–Fi Range is up to 50 m.
 It eliminate installation cost & complexity of wire
network .
 In disadvantage weak security, because Wi-Fi
signals are not confined.

24. END………