Workshop part-4

2. HAZARD ASSESSMENT : CATTLE FARM
There are many potential hazards when working on a
farm with livestock. In this video, a cattle farmer is
going to highlight some potential hazards when
working with livestock in the yard, corral or pen (small
enclosure for animals). Watch this video for some examples
of how to keep both the livestock and workers safe on
the cattle farm.

4. HAZARD ASSESSMENT : GRAIN HANDLING AND
STORAGE
There are many potential hazards when working on a
grain farm such as working with heavy duty machinery,
to climbing large bins. In this video, a grain farmer will
discuss a few examples of the hazards associated with
grain handling.

6. HAZARD ASSESSMENT : FARM SHOP
There are many hazards present in the farm shop
environment. A farmer will walk us through some
common hazards that exist in a typical farm shop.

8. Safety Tips while working on farms:
Dress warm: Make sure that you are wearing enough layers to
keep yourself warm. Also, remove any wet layers of clothing
immediately and replace with dry clothing. Make sure to
protect the ears, face, hands and feet in extremely cold
weather. Carry cold weather gear such as extra socks, gloves,
hats, jackets, blankets, a thermos of hot liquid.
Wear high-visibility clothing in the dark: If you are working
early mornings and evenings, remember to wear hi-visibility
items of clothing so that others can see you.

9. Remove snow and cover icy patches: Remove snow from
pathways and entryways to allow easier access to and from
locations on the farm and sprinkle salt or sand on places you
know to be icy. Also, make sure you have the proper footwear
for walking around on icy areas (i.e. winter boots with good
traction on ice).
Fence around areas of water: If possible, have a fence around
areas of water that could be dangerous and covered in ice and
snow (i.e. a pond). Identify these areas to anyone you know
who is going to be on farm and around the property.

10. Don’t be out in bad weather if it is not necessary: Don’t put
yourself or others at risk to perform unnecessary work in poor
conditions.
Be prepared: Be up-to-date on the maintenance of your
facility, vehicles and machinery so that everything works
properly and is ready to go in case of an emergency. Also, you
should have a safety kit readily available.
Always let others know where you are working: Informing
someone of your whereabouts will help them to find you
quickly if an accident were to take place (i.e. falling on the ice and
hitting your head). Also, always have a communication device on
you when working alone. Try to work in groups or pairs.

11. Eat and stay hydrated: Make sure that you have enough to eat
to provide you energy while working. Also, keep yourself
hydrated.
Watch the weather: It’s not only the cold temperatures that
can affect your day on the farm. Storms can reduce visibility
while operating equipment outside.
Have a backup plan: Be prepared for power outages and
storms by considering such things as: having a generator to
operate equipment or having extra feed on hand in case you
are stormed in for a few days.

12. COLD WEATHER INJURIES
1. Frostnip: Freezing of the top layers of skin tissues and is
normally reversible.
2. Frostbite: Actual freezing of the tissues and body part. Ice
crystals form inside the skin that can destroy the tissues
and you can lose skin, part of finger, toe or foot.
3. Hypothermia: is the general cooling of the body. When the
body drops much below the normal temperature of 37C,
serious problems can arise. Severe hypothermia can lead to
death.

13. What is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
PPE is used to minimize exposure to specific hazards.
Examples include, respirators, gloves, aprons, fall protection,
and full body suits, as well as head, eye and foot protection.
Using PPE is only one element in a complete hazard control
program that would use a variety of strategies to maintain a
safe and healthy environment. PPE does not reduce the
hazard itself nor does it guarantee permanent or total
protection.
PPE is considered the last line of defense in any safety system.
For farm work, PPE is instrumental in protecting workers from
injuries while doing specific tasks.

14. When should PPE be used?
PPE is used to reduce or minimize the exposure or contact to
injurious physical, chemical, ergonomic (to minimize physical effort
and discomfort), or biological agents. Remember, a hazard is not
“gone” when PPE is used, but the risk of injury may be
reduced. For example, wearing hearing protection reduces the
likelihood of hearing damage when the ear plugs or muffs are
appropriate for the kind of noise exposure and when the PPE
is used properly. However, using hearing protection does not
eliminate the noise.

15. PPE SHOULD ONLY BE USED
• As an interim (short term) measure before controls are
implemented;
• Where other controls are not available or adequate;
• During activities such as maintenance, clean up, and repair
where pre-contact controls are not feasible or effective;
• During emergency situations.

16. SAFETY FOOT WEARS
Safety footwear protect feet against a wide variety of
injuries. Impact (collision), compression, and puncture are
the most common types of foot injury.

17. Footwear must be chosen based on the
hazards that are present
• Risk of objects falling onto or striking the feet.
• Any material or equipment that might roll over the feet.
• Any sharp or pointed objects that might cut the top of the
feet.
• Objects that may penetrate the bottom or side of the foot.
• Possible exposure to corrosive or irritating substances.
• Possible explosive atmospheres including the risk of static
electrical discharges

18. • Risk of damage to sensitive electronic components or
equipment due to the discharge of static electricity.
• Risk of coming into contact with energized conductors of low
to moderate voltage (e.g., 220 volts or less).
• Type of walking surface and environmental conditions
workers may be exposed to (e.g., loose ground cover, smooth
surfaces, temperature, wet/oily, chemicals, etc.).
Also, evaluate the risk:
• to ankles from uneven walking surfaces or rough terrain
• of foot injury due to exposure to extreme hot or cold

19. • of slips and falls on slippery walking surfaces
• of exposure to water or other liquids that may
penetrate the footwear causing damage to the foot
and the footwear
• of exposure to rotating or abrasive machinery (e.g.,
chainsaws or grinders)

20. What should I know about the fit and care of
safety footwear?
Fit:
• Try on new boots around midday. Feet normally swell during
the day.
• Walk in new footwear to ensure it is comfortable.
• Boots should have ample toe room (toes should be about
12.5 mm from the front). Do not expect footwear to stretch
with wear.

21. • Make allowances for extra socks or special arch supports
when buying boots. Try on your new boots with the supports
or socks you usually wear at work. Check with the
manufacturer if adding inserts affects your level of
protection.
• Boots should fit snugly around the heel and ankle when
laced.
• Lace up boots fully. High-cut boots provide support against
ankle injury.

22. Care:
• Use a protective coating to make footwear water-resistant.
• Inspect footwear regularly for damage (e.g., cracks in soles,
breaks in leather, or exposed toe caps).
• Repair or replace worn or defective footwear.
• Electric shock resistance of footwear is greatly reduced by
wet conditions and with wear.
• Footwear exposed to sole penetration or impact may not
have visible signs of damage. Replacing footwear after an
event is advisable.

23. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT