2. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Definition
A TISSUE IS A STRUCTURE FORMED BY
A COLLECTION OF CELLS THAT HAVE
SIMILAR MORPHOLOGICAL
PROPERTIES AND FUNCTIONS. THE
ANIMAL BODY IS COMPOSED OF 4
TYPES OF TISSUES, NAMELY:
1. EPITHELIUM
2. CONNECTIVE
3. MUSCLES
4. NERVES
THESE TISSUES ARE
INTERCONNECTED WITH EACH OTHER
FORMING ORGANS, ORGAN SYSTEMS,
AND THE BODY.
Function
1. PROTECTION .
2. ABSORPTION.
3. SECRETION.
4. EXCRESTION.
5. SURFACE TRANSPORT.
6. FIVE SENSES.
4. ARANGEMENT
THE EPITHELIAL CELL ARRANGEMENT OF SIMPLE
EPITHELIAL TISSUE IS COMPOSED OF ONE LAYER OF
CELLS OR SEVERAL LAYERS OF CELLS (STRATIFIED).
SIMPLE EPITHELIUM APPEARS IN AREAS OF TISSUE
WHERE THERE IS A LOT OF MATERIAL SUBSTANCE AS
A RESULT OF ABSORPTION, EXCRETION, AND
SECRETION, WHILE STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM
APPEARS IN AREAS THAT MAINTAIN A BASIC
FUNCTION. EPITHELIAL TISSUE CONSISTS OF:
(A) COVERING EPITHELIUM.
(B) GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM (GLANDULA).
5. CLOSING EPITHELIUM
THE COVERING EPITHELIUM, ACTING AS A COVERING OF THE SURFACE
OF THE BODY, CONSISTS OF DENSE CELLS CLOSE TO EACH OTHER,
SHEET-SHAPED. ONE TYPE OF THIS CELL IS DESMOSOMES, COMPOSED
OF A THICK NETWORK OF MICROFILAMENTS. THE SURFACE OF THE
EPITHELIAL MEMBRANE HAS CILIA OR MICROPHILY SUPPORTED BY
CONNECTIVE TISSUE UNDERLYING THIS MEMBRANE. NERVE CELLS
ARE SOMETIMES FOUND BETWEEN EPITHELIAL MEMBRANE CELLS,
BUT THESE MEMBRANES TEND TO BE NON-VASCULAR (WITHOUT
BLOOD VESSELS). NUTRIENTS AND OXYGEN DIFFUSE FROM BLOOD
VESSELS INTO CONNECTIVE TISSUE TO FEED EPITHELIAL CELLS. IN
EPITHELIAL TISSUE MITOTIC DIVISION OCCURS AND NEW CELLS ARE
CONTINUOUSLY PRODUCED TO REPLACE THE LOOSE CELLS. THE
COVERING EPITHELIUM IS DIVIDED INTO 6
6. EPITHELIUM SIMPLE SQUAMOUS
FORM.
THE EPITHELIUM IS SQUAMOUS IN
SHAPE, BUT THE INSIDE OF THE CELL
MEMBRANE MAY BE CUBOIDAL OR
COLUMNAR FLAT.
7. SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM IS
SPECIALIZED IN SECRETORY AND
ABSORPTION TISSUES, PRESENT IN
RENAL TUBULES AND SOME GLANDS.
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
CONSISTS OF ONE LAYER
8. SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
SPECIFICALLY FOR SECRETION AND
ABSORPTION IN THE INTESTINE,
COLUMNAR CELLS ABSORB DIGESTED
FOOD MOLECULES. THE CELLS WITHIN
THIS TISSUE ARE CALLED GOBLET
CELLS; THAT IS, SPECIALIZED CELLS
TO PRODUCE AND PRODUCE LARGE
AMOUNTS OF MUCUS
9. EPITELIUM SQUAMOUS STRATIFIED
CONSISTING OF SEVERAL LAYERS OF
THICK CELLS STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS
EPITHELIUM SUITABLE FOR IT
NOURISHING THE LOWER PART OF THE
TISSUE, OUTER ROW CELLS OF
SQUAMOUS SHAPE, THE INSIDE IS
CUBOIDAL OR COLUMNAR FLAT
10. EPITELIUM PSEUDOSTRATIFIED KOLUMNAR
THE COLUMNAR PSEUDOSTRATIFIED EPITHELIUM
CONSISTS OF A PAIR OF LAYERS OF CELLS, SOME LARGE
AND SMALL. COLUMNAR PSEUDOSTRATIFIED
EPITHELIUM IS FOUND IN THE RESPIRATORY TRACT,
LONG CELLS OR GOBLET CELLS THAT PRODUCE MUCUS
11. EPITELIUM TRANSISI
THE TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM IS SIMILAR TO THE SIMPLE
SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM, HAS THE ABILITY TO CREATE
CHARACTERISTIC AREAS THAT EXIST IN THE BLADDER, CELLS
SURROUND THE INSIDE OF THE SURFACE TO FORM FLAT CELLS
AND ITS SHAPE ALLOWS THE BLADDER TO ACCOMMODATE
URINE
12. EPITELIUM GLANDS
GLANDS CONSISTING OF ONE OR MORE EPITHELIAL CELLS
SPECIALIZED FOR A PARTICULAR OUTCOME. THIS GLAND CONSISTS
OF TWO TYPES, NAMELY 1) ENDOCRINE GLANDS. ENDOCRINE
GLANDS ARE CHANNELS (COMPOSED OF IMPASSABLE PIPES) OF
HORMONES SURROUNDED BY LIQUIDS AND GASES. THIS HORMONE
DIFFUSES INTO THE BLOOD TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE
DESTINATION. ONE EXAMPLE OF ADRENAL GLANDS. 2) EXOCRINE
GLANDS EXOCRINE GLANDS ARE A GROUP OF SPECIALIZED
EPITHELIAL CELLS THAT HOLD SECRETIONS TO SEVERAL SURFACES
OF THE BODY. FOR EXAMPLE, SWEAT IS PASSED FROM THE SWEAT
GLANDS TO THE SURFACE OF THE SKIN AND THE SALIVARY GLAND
DUCTS INTO THE MOUTH.
13.
14. 1. Davis P, Dinwiddy R, Morgan B, Goldstein N, Woon I, Woodford C. Tubuh
Manusia. 2019;1–54.