Antenatal Lessonplan for nursing studentspemalhamu188
1. The document outlines a lesson plan for teaching 3rd year nursing students about antenatal assessment.
2. It includes objectives, content, teaching methods, audiovisual aids, and evaluation.
3. The content section describes the preparation, procedure, and termination phases of antenatal assessment, including inspection, palpation, and auscultation of the breast, abdomen, and fetal heart sound.
This document provides an overview of nurse assisting skills including admitting, discharging, and transferring patients, administering personal hygiene such as bathing, positioning and moving patients, and collecting specimens. The key objectives are to properly care for patients and their belongings during admissions and discharges, and to provide personal hygiene like bathing while respecting privacy.
Physical Diagnosis Presentation prepared by AAMBC StudentNomenMea
The document discusses physical examination techniques for assessing different body systems. It provides details on preparing for and conducting abdominal examinations, evaluating patients presenting with chronic cough or extremity weakness, and techniques for palpating the spleen. Key points covered include ensuring patient privacy and comfort, using the appropriate examination methods like auscultation and palpation to thoroughly evaluate organs and body systems, and obtaining relevant medical history to aid diagnosis.
The document discusses the principles of pre-operative and post-operative care. It describes the three phases of perioperative care - preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. The preoperative phase involves preparing the patient both physically and emotionally for surgery through education, nutritional management, hygiene, testing, and informed consent. The postoperative phase focuses on monitoring the patient, administering medications, maintaining hygiene and comfort, and teaching home care before discharge. The goal of perioperative care is to safely prepare, care for, and recover the patient before, during and after surgical intervention.
The document discusses lessons learned in prehospital trauma management over the last 20 years. Key lessons include following a standardized approach to the primary survey to address immediate life threats, avoiding unnecessary rapid extrication, maintaining spinal immobilization during transport, and focusing assessments and treatments on stabilization before performing full secondary surveys. It emphasizes the importance of evidence-based practices, continuous learning, and providing the highest quality of care and documentation to optimize patient outcomes and system improvements.
This document discusses pre and post-operative nursing care. It defines perioperative nursing as caring for patients before, during, and after surgery. The pre-operative phase involves preparing patients for surgery through assessments, tests, education and more. The intra-operative phase is when patients are in the operating room. The post-operative phase focuses on monitoring patients as they recover from anesthesia and assessing their condition including vitals, wounds and pain level. The document provides detailed guidelines and considerations for nurses in each phase of the surgical experience.
The document outlines the procedures for admitting, transferring, and discharging patients from a healthcare facility. It describes preparing equipment and documentation, assessing the patient, explaining the process, and ensuring continuity of care. Key steps include collecting patient information and belongings, notifying relevant departments, explaining any treatment plans or home care needs, and ensuring complete documentation. The goal is to make patients comfortable, acquire necessary information, and smoothly coordinate their care both within and between facilities.
The document discusses perioperative nursing concepts and management. It covers the three phases of perioperative care - preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. In the preoperative phase, nurses provide psychological support, complete assessments, educate patients, and prepare them for surgery. During surgery, nurses ensure patient safety and monitor vital signs. In post-anesthesia care, nurses closely assess patients and monitor for complications as they recover from anesthesia and surgery.
Antenatal Lessonplan for nursing studentspemalhamu188
1. The document outlines a lesson plan for teaching 3rd year nursing students about antenatal assessment.
2. It includes objectives, content, teaching methods, audiovisual aids, and evaluation.
3. The content section describes the preparation, procedure, and termination phases of antenatal assessment, including inspection, palpation, and auscultation of the breast, abdomen, and fetal heart sound.
This document provides an overview of nurse assisting skills including admitting, discharging, and transferring patients, administering personal hygiene such as bathing, positioning and moving patients, and collecting specimens. The key objectives are to properly care for patients and their belongings during admissions and discharges, and to provide personal hygiene like bathing while respecting privacy.
Physical Diagnosis Presentation prepared by AAMBC StudentNomenMea
The document discusses physical examination techniques for assessing different body systems. It provides details on preparing for and conducting abdominal examinations, evaluating patients presenting with chronic cough or extremity weakness, and techniques for palpating the spleen. Key points covered include ensuring patient privacy and comfort, using the appropriate examination methods like auscultation and palpation to thoroughly evaluate organs and body systems, and obtaining relevant medical history to aid diagnosis.
The document discusses the principles of pre-operative and post-operative care. It describes the three phases of perioperative care - preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. The preoperative phase involves preparing the patient both physically and emotionally for surgery through education, nutritional management, hygiene, testing, and informed consent. The postoperative phase focuses on monitoring the patient, administering medications, maintaining hygiene and comfort, and teaching home care before discharge. The goal of perioperative care is to safely prepare, care for, and recover the patient before, during and after surgical intervention.
The document discusses lessons learned in prehospital trauma management over the last 20 years. Key lessons include following a standardized approach to the primary survey to address immediate life threats, avoiding unnecessary rapid extrication, maintaining spinal immobilization during transport, and focusing assessments and treatments on stabilization before performing full secondary surveys. It emphasizes the importance of evidence-based practices, continuous learning, and providing the highest quality of care and documentation to optimize patient outcomes and system improvements.
This document discusses pre and post-operative nursing care. It defines perioperative nursing as caring for patients before, during, and after surgery. The pre-operative phase involves preparing patients for surgery through assessments, tests, education and more. The intra-operative phase is when patients are in the operating room. The post-operative phase focuses on monitoring patients as they recover from anesthesia and assessing their condition including vitals, wounds and pain level. The document provides detailed guidelines and considerations for nurses in each phase of the surgical experience.
The document outlines the procedures for admitting, transferring, and discharging patients from a healthcare facility. It describes preparing equipment and documentation, assessing the patient, explaining the process, and ensuring continuity of care. Key steps include collecting patient information and belongings, notifying relevant departments, explaining any treatment plans or home care needs, and ensuring complete documentation. The goal is to make patients comfortable, acquire necessary information, and smoothly coordinate their care both within and between facilities.
The document discusses perioperative nursing concepts and management. It covers the three phases of perioperative care - preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. In the preoperative phase, nurses provide psychological support, complete assessments, educate patients, and prepare them for surgery. During surgery, nurses ensure patient safety and monitor vital signs. In post-anesthesia care, nurses closely assess patients and monitor for complications as they recover from anesthesia and surgery.
This module discusses physical assessment skills for nurses. It covers preparing the client, nurse, and environment for assessment. Key equipment is reviewed, including how to prepare it. Common client positions are described. The four main assessment techniques are explained: inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation. Inspection involves visual examination while palpation, percussion, and auscultation require use of hands. The module aims to familiarize nurses with skills for performing comprehensive physical assessments.
This document outlines pre-operative care, which prepares patients physically and psychologically for surgery. It defines pre-operative care and describes assessing patients' medical history, identifying risks, explaining procedures, gaining consent, reducing risks through testing and treatment, educating patients, and preparing them for surgery with activities like fasting and intravenous lines. The goal is to make surgery safer by addressing all patient needs and concerns before they enter the operating area.
The document discusses the preoperative phase of surgical care. It is divided into three key parts:
1. Preoperative assessment - This involves reviewing laboratory/diagnostic studies, health history, and assessing physical, psychological, and cultural needs. Important components include allergies, vital signs, nutritional status, and understanding of the procedure.
2. Preoperative preparation - This includes teaching exercises to perform, preparing the surgical area with antiseptics, providing pre-anesthetic medications, and ensuring the correct identification of the patient and consent form are in place.
3. Components of the preoperative checklist - This must be completed and includes reviewing consent answers, laboratory results, health history, and ensuring all needs
Clinical Objectives Technical Affective SkillsHeather Johnson
This document outlines various clinical objectives and technical skills for interacting with patients, peers, and equipment in a medical setting. It emphasizes treating all patients with courtesy and respect, maintaining confidentiality, ensuring patient comfort, and communicating effectively. It also stresses dependability, accepting feedback, proper appearance, safety practices, and producing high quality radiographs. Students are expected to participate actively, limit absenteeism, and adhere to attendance policies. The document provides information on upcoming modality rotations at specific hospital sites.
Pre and post operative care for patients undergoing general anesthesiaJewel George Thomas
Guys if you are desirous of a Personalized PowerPoint Presentation, then feel free to screen into my SlideShare profile and pick up the most suitable Contact method to get in touch with me.
*Statutory Declaration - The Slides are congested as they contain a number of animations. Please download it and play Slideshow for proper understanding. Thank You.
Preparation of patient for health assessmentArifa T N
The document discusses preparing the patient, environment, and nurse for a health assessment. Key steps include:
1) Preparing the nurse by ensuring theoretical knowledge, examination skills and maintaining equipment.
2) Preparing the environment by scheduling at a convenient time, ensuring adequate lighting, privacy and comfort.
3) Preparing the patient by having them empty bladder/bowel, positioning and draping them properly, and explaining each step to ensure psychological comfort.
The document discusses proper patient positioning and environment preparation for physical assessments. It describes positioning the patient in a private, comfortable setting and explaining the assessment process to put them at ease. Different positions are outlined for assessing different body areas, with considerations for patient comfort, accessibility, and any physical limitations.
2. preoperative nursing care.pdf medical surgical nursing 1akoeljames8543
This document outlines pre-operative and post-operative nursing care. It discusses admitting patients and preparing them for surgery through assessments, education, and risk mitigation. Key aspects of pre-operative care include obtaining consent, assessing medical history and risks, addressing comorbidities, fasting, and administering pre-medications. The goal is to ensure patients are healthy and prepared for surgery to reduce complications. Post-operative care involves pain management, respiratory exercises, mobility, and keeping family informed. The overall focus is on thorough assessment, planning and preparation to optimize patient outcomes.
The document discusses perioperative nursing which includes the care of surgical patients before, during, and after surgery. It describes the three phases of perioperative nursing - the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases - and explains the nursing responsibilities and activities involved in caring for patients in each phase, such as assessing patients, providing education, preparing patients for surgery, monitoring patients during surgery, and observing patients in recovery.
The document discusses perioperative nursing which includes the care of surgical patients before, during, and after surgery in three phases - preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. It provides details on the roles and responsibilities of nurses in each phase, including assessing and preparing patients, monitoring patients during surgery, and observing patients in recovery to identify any complications. The postoperative phase focuses on caring for wounds, providing health teaching to patients, and monitoring vital signs and intake/output as patients recover from the effects of anesthesia.
The document discusses the process of health assessment in nursing. It defines health assessment as collecting both subjective and objective data about a client through interview and physical examination. The purposes of health assessment are outlined as establishing a baseline on a client's health and abilities, identifying risks or problems, and forming the basis for a care plan. The key components of health assessment are described as the health history, physical examination, review of records and tests. Specific techniques used in physical examination like inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation are also explained. The document provides details on preparing the client and environment for examination and lists the typical sequence of a physical assessment.
Chapter 1 First Aid in the Workplace.pptxmuhayminniche
This document provides an overview of first aid and emergency planning at the workplace. It defines first aid and a first aider, outlines the aims of first aid, and describes the major components of workplace first aid including the responsibilities of first aiders. It also covers communication skills, standard precautions, and the legal provisions regarding first aid facilities, services, and training in Malaysia.
Salon 2 14 kasim 09.30 10.30 fatma yilmaz-ingtyfngnc
The document summarizes the care of a patient who underwent bilateral arm transplantation surgery. It describes the post-operative period and care in the intensive care unit, including monitoring of hemodynamics, respiratory function, infection prevention, pain management, and education. It outlines the nursing responsibilities to maintain the patient's health and facilitate recovery in the post-operative phase. The surgery lasted 7 hours and involved a team of 40 people. After 12 hours in the ICU, the patient was extubated and later transferred to the ward.
responsibilities of nurses in pre operative care
content
preoperative phase
phases
nursing management
physical preparation
counselling
pre operative assesment
reveiw of lab studies
assess physical needs
This document discusses the nursing care of patients on ventilators. It outlines that the nursing care includes promoting respiratory function through techniques like suctioning and position changes, monitoring for complications, and preventing infections through strict hand washing and aseptic techniques. Additionally, the nursing care aims to meet safety needs by keeping rails up and preventing ulcers and trauma, and to provide adequate nutrition which is important for healing. The document provides details on carrying out these various components of care and identifies common nursing diagnoses for ventilated patients.
The document discusses health assessment, which involves collecting data about a client's health status through health history and physical examination. Health history gathers subjective and objective data through interviews and examinations. It covers biographical data, chief complaints, medical history, family history, and psychosocial history. Physical examination uses inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation to objectively evaluate body systems. Preparing the client and environment helps ensure a thorough yet comfortable assessment.
A health assessment is a plan of care that identifies the specific needs of a person and how those needs will be addressed by the healthcare system or skilled nursing facility. Health assessment is the evaluation of the health status by performing a physical exam after taking a health history.
The document discusses the admission procedure for patients in a hospital. It describes preparing the patient's room, welcoming the patient and family, collecting information and records, providing orientation and care, and considering special needs and legal issues. The admission process aims to make patients feel comfortable and informed during a stressful experience by addressing their physical, emotional and informational needs.
The perioperative period involves preoperative, operative, and postoperative care. During the preoperative phase, the nurse prepares the patient both emotionally and physically for surgery through principles like assessment, education to avoid fears, honesty, and orientation. Physical preparation includes following preoperative orders, enemas, baths, identification bands, and exercises. Postoperative care focuses on monitoring vital signs, fluid balance, pain management, and preventing complications through measures like positioning, deep breathing, and restraining. Education of parents is important for discharge and home care.
The document provides guidelines for applying a hydrocollator pack treatment, including preparing the patient and equipment, performing the treatment safely and effectively, and documenting the session. Key steps include developing rapport with the patient, ensuring no contraindications exist, wrapping the heated pack in towels to a temperature under 44°C, monitoring the patient and skin every 5 minutes, and documenting the treatment details. The goal is to provide localized heat therapy safely and get feedback from the patient to maximize benefits.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
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This module discusses physical assessment skills for nurses. It covers preparing the client, nurse, and environment for assessment. Key equipment is reviewed, including how to prepare it. Common client positions are described. The four main assessment techniques are explained: inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation. Inspection involves visual examination while palpation, percussion, and auscultation require use of hands. The module aims to familiarize nurses with skills for performing comprehensive physical assessments.
This document outlines pre-operative care, which prepares patients physically and psychologically for surgery. It defines pre-operative care and describes assessing patients' medical history, identifying risks, explaining procedures, gaining consent, reducing risks through testing and treatment, educating patients, and preparing them for surgery with activities like fasting and intravenous lines. The goal is to make surgery safer by addressing all patient needs and concerns before they enter the operating area.
The document discusses the preoperative phase of surgical care. It is divided into three key parts:
1. Preoperative assessment - This involves reviewing laboratory/diagnostic studies, health history, and assessing physical, psychological, and cultural needs. Important components include allergies, vital signs, nutritional status, and understanding of the procedure.
2. Preoperative preparation - This includes teaching exercises to perform, preparing the surgical area with antiseptics, providing pre-anesthetic medications, and ensuring the correct identification of the patient and consent form are in place.
3. Components of the preoperative checklist - This must be completed and includes reviewing consent answers, laboratory results, health history, and ensuring all needs
Clinical Objectives Technical Affective SkillsHeather Johnson
This document outlines various clinical objectives and technical skills for interacting with patients, peers, and equipment in a medical setting. It emphasizes treating all patients with courtesy and respect, maintaining confidentiality, ensuring patient comfort, and communicating effectively. It also stresses dependability, accepting feedback, proper appearance, safety practices, and producing high quality radiographs. Students are expected to participate actively, limit absenteeism, and adhere to attendance policies. The document provides information on upcoming modality rotations at specific hospital sites.
Pre and post operative care for patients undergoing general anesthesiaJewel George Thomas
Guys if you are desirous of a Personalized PowerPoint Presentation, then feel free to screen into my SlideShare profile and pick up the most suitable Contact method to get in touch with me.
*Statutory Declaration - The Slides are congested as they contain a number of animations. Please download it and play Slideshow for proper understanding. Thank You.
Preparation of patient for health assessmentArifa T N
The document discusses preparing the patient, environment, and nurse for a health assessment. Key steps include:
1) Preparing the nurse by ensuring theoretical knowledge, examination skills and maintaining equipment.
2) Preparing the environment by scheduling at a convenient time, ensuring adequate lighting, privacy and comfort.
3) Preparing the patient by having them empty bladder/bowel, positioning and draping them properly, and explaining each step to ensure psychological comfort.
The document discusses proper patient positioning and environment preparation for physical assessments. It describes positioning the patient in a private, comfortable setting and explaining the assessment process to put them at ease. Different positions are outlined for assessing different body areas, with considerations for patient comfort, accessibility, and any physical limitations.
2. preoperative nursing care.pdf medical surgical nursing 1akoeljames8543
This document outlines pre-operative and post-operative nursing care. It discusses admitting patients and preparing them for surgery through assessments, education, and risk mitigation. Key aspects of pre-operative care include obtaining consent, assessing medical history and risks, addressing comorbidities, fasting, and administering pre-medications. The goal is to ensure patients are healthy and prepared for surgery to reduce complications. Post-operative care involves pain management, respiratory exercises, mobility, and keeping family informed. The overall focus is on thorough assessment, planning and preparation to optimize patient outcomes.
The document discusses perioperative nursing which includes the care of surgical patients before, during, and after surgery. It describes the three phases of perioperative nursing - the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases - and explains the nursing responsibilities and activities involved in caring for patients in each phase, such as assessing patients, providing education, preparing patients for surgery, monitoring patients during surgery, and observing patients in recovery.
The document discusses perioperative nursing which includes the care of surgical patients before, during, and after surgery in three phases - preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. It provides details on the roles and responsibilities of nurses in each phase, including assessing and preparing patients, monitoring patients during surgery, and observing patients in recovery to identify any complications. The postoperative phase focuses on caring for wounds, providing health teaching to patients, and monitoring vital signs and intake/output as patients recover from the effects of anesthesia.
The document discusses the process of health assessment in nursing. It defines health assessment as collecting both subjective and objective data about a client through interview and physical examination. The purposes of health assessment are outlined as establishing a baseline on a client's health and abilities, identifying risks or problems, and forming the basis for a care plan. The key components of health assessment are described as the health history, physical examination, review of records and tests. Specific techniques used in physical examination like inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation are also explained. The document provides details on preparing the client and environment for examination and lists the typical sequence of a physical assessment.
Chapter 1 First Aid in the Workplace.pptxmuhayminniche
This document provides an overview of first aid and emergency planning at the workplace. It defines first aid and a first aider, outlines the aims of first aid, and describes the major components of workplace first aid including the responsibilities of first aiders. It also covers communication skills, standard precautions, and the legal provisions regarding first aid facilities, services, and training in Malaysia.
Salon 2 14 kasim 09.30 10.30 fatma yilmaz-ingtyfngnc
The document summarizes the care of a patient who underwent bilateral arm transplantation surgery. It describes the post-operative period and care in the intensive care unit, including monitoring of hemodynamics, respiratory function, infection prevention, pain management, and education. It outlines the nursing responsibilities to maintain the patient's health and facilitate recovery in the post-operative phase. The surgery lasted 7 hours and involved a team of 40 people. After 12 hours in the ICU, the patient was extubated and later transferred to the ward.
responsibilities of nurses in pre operative care
content
preoperative phase
phases
nursing management
physical preparation
counselling
pre operative assesment
reveiw of lab studies
assess physical needs
This document discusses the nursing care of patients on ventilators. It outlines that the nursing care includes promoting respiratory function through techniques like suctioning and position changes, monitoring for complications, and preventing infections through strict hand washing and aseptic techniques. Additionally, the nursing care aims to meet safety needs by keeping rails up and preventing ulcers and trauma, and to provide adequate nutrition which is important for healing. The document provides details on carrying out these various components of care and identifies common nursing diagnoses for ventilated patients.
The document discusses health assessment, which involves collecting data about a client's health status through health history and physical examination. Health history gathers subjective and objective data through interviews and examinations. It covers biographical data, chief complaints, medical history, family history, and psychosocial history. Physical examination uses inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation to objectively evaluate body systems. Preparing the client and environment helps ensure a thorough yet comfortable assessment.
A health assessment is a plan of care that identifies the specific needs of a person and how those needs will be addressed by the healthcare system or skilled nursing facility. Health assessment is the evaluation of the health status by performing a physical exam after taking a health history.
The document discusses the admission procedure for patients in a hospital. It describes preparing the patient's room, welcoming the patient and family, collecting information and records, providing orientation and care, and considering special needs and legal issues. The admission process aims to make patients feel comfortable and informed during a stressful experience by addressing their physical, emotional and informational needs.
The perioperative period involves preoperative, operative, and postoperative care. During the preoperative phase, the nurse prepares the patient both emotionally and physically for surgery through principles like assessment, education to avoid fears, honesty, and orientation. Physical preparation includes following preoperative orders, enemas, baths, identification bands, and exercises. Postoperative care focuses on monitoring vital signs, fluid balance, pain management, and preventing complications through measures like positioning, deep breathing, and restraining. Education of parents is important for discharge and home care.
The document provides guidelines for applying a hydrocollator pack treatment, including preparing the patient and equipment, performing the treatment safely and effectively, and documenting the session. Key steps include developing rapport with the patient, ensuring no contraindications exist, wrapping the heated pack in towels to a temperature under 44°C, monitoring the patient and skin every 5 minutes, and documenting the treatment details. The goal is to provide localized heat therapy safely and get feedback from the patient to maximize benefits.
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Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
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Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
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In a world overflowing with diet trends and conflicting nutrition advice, it’s easy to get lost in misinformation. This article cuts through the noise to debunk common nutrition myths that may be sabotaging your health goals. From the truth about carbohydrates and fats to the real effects of sugar and artificial sweeteners, we break down what science actually says. Equip yourself with knowledge to make informed decisions about your diet, and learn how to navigate the complexities of modern nutrition with confidence. Say goodbye to food confusion and hello to a healthier you!
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Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Know the difference between Endodontics and Orthodontics.Gokuldas Hospital
Your smile is beautiful.
Let’s be honest. Maintaining that beautiful smile is not an easy task. It is more than brushing and flossing. Sometimes, you might encounter dental issues that need special dental care. These issues can range anywhere from misalignment of the jaw to pain in the root of teeth.
2. Preparation for assessment
Proper preparation of the environment ,
equipment and patient ensures a smooth
examination with few interruptions
It is necessary to wear gloves during
palpation and percussion where there is
possibility of coming in contact with body
fluids.
3. Preparing the environment
Requires privacy
Well equipped examination room is preferable
Adequate lighting , sound proof
Make sure the room is warm enough.
Special tables to assume positions
Special needs of the client
Surface for placement of equipments
4. Equipment
Perform hand hygiene before equipment
preparation
Set up in readily available manner and easy
to use
Check the functioning
Maintenance
Isolation precautions
Adequate number of gloves
5. Physical preparation of the
patient
Patient’s physical comfort is vital
It involves being sure that the patient is
dressed and draped properly
Provide privacy
Make sure the patient stays warm
Routinely ask if the patient is comfortable
Positioning
6. Preparing the patient
Psychological preparation
A thorough explanation must be provided to the
patient regarding each step of assessment
Keep explanation and simple
When the patient and examiner are of opposite
gender , have a third party of patient gender to
assure the patient that you behave ethically and
third party is the witness to conduct of examiner
and patient
7. Assessment of Age groups
Different interview styles and approaches are needed to
perform a health history and examine patients of
different age groups.
When assessing children be sensitive and anticipate the
child’s reaction to the examination as a strange and
unfamiliar experience
A comprehensive health assessment and examination of
older adult includes physical data, family relationships
etc and also mental status