5. Central Processing Unit
Central Processing Unit
The microprocessor consists of
three sections:
1.Arithmetic Logic Unit
2.Registers
3.Control Unit
6. MOTHERBOARD
MOTHERBOARD
Main circuit board inside your
Main circuit board inside your
computer is called a
computer is called a
motherboard.
motherboard.
The motherboard contains the
The motherboard contains the
connectors for attaching
connectors for attaching
additional boards, such as the
additional boards, such as the
CPU, BIOS, memory, mass
CPU, BIOS, memory, mass
storage interfaces, serial and
storage interfaces, serial and
parallel ports, expansion slots
parallel ports, expansion slots
and all the controllers that are
and all the controllers that are
required to control standard
required to control standard
peripheral devices such as the
peripheral devices such as the
display screen, keyboard, and
display screen, keyboard, and
hard drive.
hard drive.
7. MOTHERBOARD
MOTHERBOARD
Here we see a diagram
Here we see a diagram
and a photo of a
and a photo of a
motherboard (or main
motherboard (or main
circuit board).
circuit board).
This one is suitable for a
This one is suitable for a
Pentium CPU
Pentium CPU
8. PCI SLOTS
PCI SLOTS
PCI slots
PCI slots This
This
board has 4 slots
board has 4 slots
for the newer PCI
for the newer PCI
boards for
boards for
peripherals like
peripherals like
video cards,
video cards,
sound cards,
sound cards,
internal modems,
internal modems,
etc
etc
9. MEMORY SLOT
MEMORY SLOT
Memory slots
Memory slots
There are 4 short
There are 4 short
slots for SIMM
slots for SIMM
memory.
memory.
This board has
This board has
two long slots for
two long slots for
a new kind of
a new kind of
memory called
memory called
DIMM DRAM.
DIMM DRAM.
10. MOTHERBOARD
MOTHERBOARD
Keyboard plug
Keyboard plug :This is where the keyboard attaches, thru the back of the
:This is where the keyboard attaches, thru the back of the
computer.
computer.
Power Connections
Power Connections This is where the power supply connects to the
This is where the power supply connects to the
motherboard
motherboard
Processor socket
Processor socket What is visible here is the place where the processor
What is visible here is the place where the processor
plugs into the motherboard. When the processor is installed, you still can't
plugs into the motherboard. When the processor is installed, you still can't
see it because on top of it is a heat sink and fan to keep the processor cool.
see it because on top of it is a heat sink and fan to keep the processor cool.
Hot processors make mistakes or even melt important parts on the chip.
Hot processors make mistakes or even melt important parts on the chip.
Different processors are different sizes. So the socket on the motherboard
Different processors are different sizes. So the socket on the motherboard
has to match the processor. Also, the circuits in the motherboard itself must
has to match the processor. Also, the circuits in the motherboard itself must
be different for different processors.
be different for different processors.
11. RAM
RAM
RAM, or Random-Access-
RAM, or Random-Access-
Memory, is a type of memory that
Memory, is a type of memory that
accesses faster than main memory
accesses faster than main memory
(like a hard drive), but that only
(like a hard drive), but that only
stores data while the computer is
stores data while the computer is
turned on. It is normally used to
turned on. It is normally used to
store the program that your
store the program that your
computer is currently running,
computer is currently running,
and any data that program needs.
and any data that program needs.
RAM is divided into small blocks
RAM is divided into small blocks
of data, each of which can be
of data, each of which can be
accessed by a unique number,
accessed by a unique number,
called an address.
called an address.
13. Floppy drive
Floppy drive
Storage Devices -- "How it saves data and
Storage Devices -- "How it saves data and
programs“
programs“
- - Hard disk drives are an internal,
- - Hard disk drives are an internal,
higher capacity drive which also stores the
higher capacity drive which also stores the
operating system which runs when you power
operating system which runs when you power
on the computer.-
on the computer.-
"Floppy" disk drives allow you to save
"Floppy" disk drives allow you to save
work on small disks and take the data with
work on small disks and take the data with
you.
you.
14. FEATURES:- FLOPPY DISK
FEATURES:- FLOPPY DISK
Diskettes (Floppy Disks)
Diskettes (Floppy Disks)
Speed:
Speed:
Very slow!
Very slow!
Capacity:
Capacity:
Normally 1.44 Mbytes
Normally 1.44 Mbytes.
.
Cost:
Cost:
Very cheap
Very cheap.
.
16. Hard Disks
Hard Disks
Hard Disks
Hard Disks
Speed:
Speed:
Very fast!
Very fast!
The speed of a hard disk is often quoted
The speed of a hard disk is often quoted
as "average
as "average
access time" speed, measured in
access time" speed, measured in
milliseconds. The
milliseconds. The
smaller this number the faster the disk.
smaller this number the faster the disk.
Capacity:
Capacity:
Enormous! Often 40/80 Gigabytes. A
Enormous! Often 40/80 Gigabytes. A
Gigabyte is
Gigabyte is
equivalent to 1024 Megabytes.
equivalent to 1024 Megabytes.
Cost:
Cost:
Hard disks costs are falling rapidly and
Hard disks costs are falling rapidly and
normally
normally
represent the cheapest way of storing
represent the cheapest way of storing
data
data.
.
17. CD-ROM drive
CD-ROM drive
They are disc drives which read
They are disc drives which read
Compact Discs (CDs). They are
Compact Discs (CDs). They are
transportable and can be used
transportable and can be used
to perform various tasks such
to perform various tasks such
as reading data from the
as reading data from the
computer and listening to audio.
computer and listening to audio.
Data is written on a CD by
Data is written on a CD by
burning pits into the disc to
burning pits into the disc to
produce non-reflective areas.
produce non-reflective areas.
18. DVD Drives
DVD Drives
Computer DVD drives can be
Computer DVD drives can be
used to watch DVD video, play
used to watch DVD video, play
audio CDs and store
audio CDs and store
information on DVDs and CDs.
information on DVDs and CDs.
DVD drives are now being
DVD drives are now being
installed in new computers
installed in new computers
instead of CD drives.
instead of CD drives.
Computer DVD drives are able
Computer DVD drives are able
to read data stored on CD-
to read data stored on CD-
ROMS and DVDs and can play
ROMS and DVDs and can play
both video and audio DVDs.
both video and audio DVDs.
CD-ROM drives cannot read
CD-ROM drives cannot read
DVDs.
DVDs.
