This document provides an overview of several alternative systems of medicine including Ayurveda, Homeopathy, Chinese medicine, Siddha, and Unani systems. It describes the fundamental principles, methods of diagnosis, and common treatments for each system. The key information presented includes descriptions of Ayurveda's use of herbs, minerals and massage therapies, Homeopathy's principle of "like cures like", Chinese medicine's view of balancing energies in the body, and Siddha and Unani medicine's focus on balancing different bodily humors or doshas.

1. ALTERNATIVE SYSTEM
OF MEDICINE
Mrunal Choudhary
Abhishek Pimpale
Pranay Band
Dr. Vaibhav P. Uplanchiwar
Dr. Vinod M. Thakare

2. INTRODUCTION
There are so many alternatives ways of treatment in whole
world other than Allopathy . Alternative medicine include
various healing approaches and therapies that originate from
around the world. Alternative medicine include therapies
and health, care practices However many such practices are
popular, and some are used in hospital Patient are most likely
to seek alternative medicine for conditions such as chronic
low back-pain, stress, migraine, headaches, menopausal
symptoms, cancer and arthritis.

3. DEFINITION
These are the entire system of health theory and
pratice
Types of alternative system of medicine are as follow
 Ayurvedic System
 Homeopathy System
 Chinese System
 Siddha System
 Unani System

4.  Ayurvedic System
Ayurveda is a Sanskrit word which means (Ayur means life and veda
means to gain knowledge or science) science of life.
Ayurveda deals with different types of plants, minerals and animal
products.
Charak samhita by Charak includes the principle components or theory of
Ayurveda.
Sushrut samhita edited by Sushrut is about the surgical treatments in
Ayurveda.
Fundamental Principle The table gives glimpses of the fundamental
principles of Ayurvedic system

5. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF AYURVEDIC SYSTEM
Pancha Mahabhuta - Prithvi ( earth)
Apa (water)
Tej(fire)
Vayu (air)
Akash (sky)
Tridosha Theory -
Vatta = vayu + akash = respiration and mobility
Pitta = agni = digestion and metabolosm
Kapha = prithvi + apa = lubrication and metabolism

6. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
As per Ayurveda, imbalance among all of the above causes illness.
Hence, diagnosis includes observation of skin, eyes, hair, nail,
tongue, pulse reading and investigation of raktam, mala and virya.
Panchkarma is an important treatment in Ayurveda which includes
Snehan (massage),
Swedan (steam),
Vaman (vomit),
Virechan (expulsion) and
Basti (medicated enemas).
The medicines are given in the form of
• powder (churna, bhasma),
• liquid (asava, arishta and taila),
• semisolid (leha or paka) and
• tablets (gutika, vati)

7. HOMEOPATHY SYSTEM
Homeopathy or homeopathic medicine, is a medical philosophy and practice based
on the idea that the body has the ability to heal itself.
Homeopathy was founded in the late 1700s in Germany and has been widely
practiced since then.
Homeopathic medicine views symptoms of illness as normal responses of the body
as it attempts to regain health.
Homeo means similar and Pathos means suffering, so homeopathy is the "system of
similar suffering".
This system was developed by Dr Samuel Hahnemann in Germany.
Dr Samuel had written a book The Curative Powers of Drugs and Some
Examinations of Previous Principles which was based on his study of effect of
cinchona on his own body where he actually found "law of similars” which indicates
similarity between drug and disease.

8. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE
This system is based on principle of "similae similibus curenter" which means "like
diseases are cured by like medicine".
Homeopathy emphasizes the root cause of the disease and the nature's law of its cure
that is "like cures like".
Thus, homeopathy deals with the following seven principles which are outlined below:
1. Individualization: No two individuals in the world are alike i.e., the disease
affectingtwo individuals cannot be similar though they may share common symptoms.
Therefore, the medicines used to cure the same disease in different individuals
aredifferent
2. Principle of Similia: According to this principle, use of the medicine will produce
similar symptoms of disease in a healthy individual. For example, an onion is a
substance which makes your eyes water and your nose burn. If you are having an
attack of hay fever with watering eyes and a burning nose, a homeopathic remedy
made from onion can relieve it.
3. Principle of Simplex: Only one single simple medicine at one time and no
combination is allowed.

9. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Diagnosis is based on the detailed case history, current
symptoms, location, sensation, modality, patient's mood and
behavior, likes, dislikes, food habits and personality.
When the symptoms picture matches with the drug picture, the
physician always attempts to identify a single medicine.
The selected single medicine is given in three types of
prescription, i.e., serial dilution, succession and trituration.
Serial dilution is used to identify such a dose which will be
close to the disease symptoms of the original crude drug.
Succession and trituration is used to find the minimum dose of
dilution to produce curative effect and prove the effect.

10. CHINESE SYSTEM
Chinese medicine system was developed in China dates B.C. 757 by
Shuning Huang Ti, Chang-Chung-Ling and Huatu.
Chinese medicine is a complete system of medicine with its own forms of
diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and therapies.
Chinese medicine views the body as an energetic system in dynamic
balance.
Chi or Qi, which can be translated as energy or life force which flows in
a regular pattern through a system of channels or meridians to all parts
of the body.
Xue: he red liquid running in the blood vessels
Jinye: body fluids like tears, sputum, saliva, gastric acid, joint fluid,
sweat, urine, etc
Zang refers to the five entities considered to be yin in nature-Heart,
Liver, Spleen,Lung, Kidney.

11. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Diagnosis is based on the examination of past and present symptoms including pulse,
color of body, face and tongue, work, habit, physical conditions, family history and
mental makeup.
Diagnosis is based on "pattern of discrimination" i.e. evaluation of the present signs and
symptoms on the basis of the "Eight Principles" or causes like internal, external, heat,
cold, vacuity (deficiency), Repletion (excess), yin and yang.
Five main treatments are given in the Chinese medicine system, which are
as follows:
1. Acupuncture: The acupuncture points located in skin are opened and closed by a
stainless steel needle for 20-40 minutes to adjust proper blood circulation.
2. Herbal Medicine: Specific herbs and their combinations are used to cure diseases.
3. Diet: Herbal supplements are given as a part of diet to fortify the body constituents.
4. Exercise: For healthy individuals as well as for patients, exercise is properly planned
in the Chinese system.
5. Massage: It is an important part of the Chinese system to harmonize body climate.

12. SIDDHA SYSTEM
Siddha System of Medicine also known as Siddha Vaidya in India, is the oldest among the
Indian Medical Systems namely Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani and it is also the oldest medical
system in the world.
It was believed to be developed with the ancient civilization of Mohenjodaro and Harappa
in the Indus river valley, 6000-7000 years ago.
Palm leaf manuscripts say that the Siddha system was first described by Lord Shiva to his
wife Parvati.
Parvati explained all this knowledge to her son Lord Muruga. He taught all these knowledge
to his disciple sage Agasthya. Agasthya taught 18 Siddhars and they spread this knowledge
to human beings.
According to the manikandan, there were 22 principal siddhars. Of these 22, Agasthya is
believed to be the father of siddha medicine.
Siddhars were of the concept that a healthy soul can only be developed through a healthy
body.

13. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Under normal conditions, the ratio between Vatta, Pitta and Kapha are
4 : 2 : 1, respectively.
If there is imbalance between any of guna then disease prevails.
A Siddha physician studies eight important things of body i.e.
nadi (pulse),
kan (eyes),
swara (voice),
sparisam (touch),
varna (colour),
na (tongue),
mala (faeces) and
neer (urine).
Treatment is classified into three categories:
Deva maruthuvum (Divine method);
Manuda maruthuvum (rational method);
Asura maruthuvum (surgical method).

14. UNANI SYSTEM
This system is also called as Unani-tibb or Yunani Medicine which
was developed by Arab and Persian physicians such as Rhazes,
Avicenna (Ibn Sena), Al-Zahrawi and Ibn Nafis.
Avicenna (Ibn Sena) wrote two books. First book, "On General
Means of Treatment“ describes that treatments are done in three
ways: "one of them is regimen and nutrition; the second, application
of drugs, and the third, manual treatment, i.e., surgery".
The second book gives rather detailed pharmacological and
pharmacotherapeutic characteristic of 811 drugs, among which
those of
 vegetable kingdom constitute 594 (73.7%),
 of animal kingdom 118 (14.5%) and
 of mineral origin 99 (12.2%).

15. THEORY AND PRINCIPLES:
Unani medicine is based on the concept of the four
humours:
1. Phlegm (Balgham),
2. Blood (Dam),
3. Yellow bile (Şafrā') and
4. Black bile (Saudā').
Abnormality in humor leads to disease condition in body.
These "humors" are believed to have its roots in the
appearance of a blood sedimentation test made in open
air, which exhibits a dark clot at the bottom (black bile), a
layer of unclotted erythrocytes (blood), a layer of white
blood cells (phlegm) and a layer of clear yellow serum
(yellow bile).

16. DIAGNOSIS:
The human body is considered to be made up of seven components,
which have direct bearing on the health status of a person. They are:
1. Elements (Arkan)
2. Temperament (Mijaz)
3. Humors (Aklat)
4. Organs (Aaza)
5. Faculties (Quwa)
6. Spirits (Arwah)
7. Function (Afaal)
These components are taken into consideration by the physician for
diagnosis and also for deciding the line of treatment.
In diagnosis Unani physician (Hakim) asks patient number of questions to
know history and decides treatment.

17. TREATMENT:
There are three modes of treatment in Unani
system:
Regimental therapy (Ilajbil tadbeer): Use of
exercise, climate change, massage,
venesection, leaching, cupping, diet therapy etc.
Pharmacotherapy (Ilajbil dava): Use of plant,
animal and mineral origin drugs, either alone or in
combination.
Surgery (Ilajbil Yad): Surgical intervention in
treatment.