Islam & Islamic Empire intro

1. ISLAM
and EARLY ISLAMIC
CIVILIZATION
600s to 1200s

2. ISLAM
Religion AND Empire
In CONTEXT
Islam – submission
Muslim – one who submits

5. Islamic Empire Timeline
 Muhammad begins Islamic Rule (622 – 632)
 Islam Expands under the First 4 Caliphs
(632-661)
 Sunni and Shia Split
 Umayyad Caliphate (Empire) (661-750)
 Abbasid Caliphate (Empire) (750-1258)
 Mongols defeat Abbasids (1258)

6. Foundations
 Islam began in the Arabian Peninsula
within Arab Bedouin culture.
 Urban areas were centers of trade (and
cultural diffusion)

8. Foundations
 Muhammad was a merchant who experienced a
revelation of God (Allah) that would begin a
new religion (with connections to Judaism and
Christianity).

10. Spread
 After Muhammad gained followers and won
a civil war against other clan leaders, more
groups joined him.
 The next centuries saw rapid expansion of
the Islamic empire because of . . .
 1. Military success
 2. the weakness of surrounding Empires
 3. elements of Islamic belief

13. Spread
 As it spread, Arabic language and culture
spread and mixed with other cultures.

16. The Spread of Islam:
Map Snapshot

17. CHANGE
 Soon after Muhammad’s
death, two groups developed
as a result of conflicting ideas
about leadership.
 Sunni and Shi’a branches of
Islam continued to split into
smaller groups.

19. Spread & CHANGE
 As Islam spread into other regions it
influenced cultures.
 New cultures also influenced elements of
Islam.

20. Texts
 The Quran (Koran) contains the
revelations given to Muhammad.
 The Hadith are the teachings and actions
of Muhammad.

21. Islam compared to
Christianity
 Both monotheistic … “perfections”
 Both founders did NOT write the texts
 Both teachings initially appealed to lower
classes and women
 Both belief systems emphasized social
justice

22. Islam compared to
Christianity
 Unlike Christianity, Islam began and
continued as both a religion and a
political structure. (Caliph / Sharia)
 Unlike Christianity, Islam does not
emphasize religious authorities like
priests, popes, bishops

23. Connections with Judaism
and Christianity
 Islam retained elements of Judaism and
Christianity.
 Abraham
 Jesus (as a prophet)
 The Torah and Quran have similar narratives

24. ESSAY Prompts
 Analyze the continuities and changes
over time in the social structure of
Islamic Civilization as it spread from
600 ce to 1500 ce.

25. ESSAY Prompts
 Analyze the continuities and changes
over time in the political structure of
Islamic Civilization as it spread from
600 ce to 1500 ce.

26. ESSAY Prompt
 Analyze the continuities and changes
over time in the culture of Islamic
Civilization as it spread from 600 ce to
1500 ce.

27. ESSAY Prompts
 Analyze the continuities and changes
over time in the commerce and trade of
Islamic Civilization as it spread from
600 ce to 1500 ce.

28. ESSAY Prompts
 Analyze the continuities and changes
over time in Islamic Civilization as it
spread from 600 ce to 1500 ce.
 Analyze the similarities and differences
in TWO of the following societies as
they were impacted by Islam from 600
to 1500 ce.
 India
 Anatolia
 West Africa
 Spain