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V2G and G2V power transfer issues
- 1. P R E S E N T E D B Y M O H D J A V E D B . T E C H ( 2 N D Y E A R ) ” E L E C T R I C A L ” E N R O L M E N T : G K 9 1 7 5 B A T C H : 2 0 1 8 - 2 0 2 2 Z A K I R H U S S A I N C O L L E G E O F E N G I N E E R I N G A N D T E C H N O L O G Y , A M U , A L I G A R H POWER TRANSFER ISSUES IN V2G AND G2V
- 2. Lets introduce with it first.. System in which there is a capability to control bi- directional flow of electrical energy. Flow of electrical energy in between vehicle and grid.
- 3. Initial goal is to provide peak power that is owners charging their car in low load with low price and discharge the vehicle in peak load with high prices. The setup requires EVs, charging stations, and the smart grid. In practical aspects, due to some major losses, it requires some enhancement to make it efficient and to put into in practice.
- 4. What problem we face during v2g transfer??? Expense for installations. Battery life degradation. Need of frequency regulation. Effects of Harmonics. Various losses during transfer.
- 5. IS INSTALLATION NEEDS HIGH COST??? • $6440 per chargerPrivate EVSE • $64400 per chargerPublic EVSE • $187.5 per meterSmart Meter and GCI • $100 per houseHEM • $100 per ESVEsoftware Total cost may rise to $13,555 per vehicles.
- 6. Battery life degradation is really a big problem. Why batteries?? Batteries are the only storage devices that can be used in storing generated electrical energy. Requirement of storage is one of the most crucial things in the field of electrical energy.
- 7. Do you know some specific materials used in v2g batteries?? Nickel metal-hydride (NiMH). Lithium-metal polymer batteries. LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC). Li1.1Mn1.9O4 (LMO).
- 8. Still confused how battery capacity is reduced with time??? Here is the graphical representation showing gradual decrease in EV battery capacity over time for the different drive cycles and recharging at the lowest charge level (1.3kW).
- 9. Have you ever think how harmonics interfere with transfer v2g??? The most unwanted higher frequencies which distorts the wave patterns. Leads to various types of losses. How to remove it?? They are not totally removed but reduced. Some passive filters(combined inductors and capacitors) are used to block them.
- 10. Is there any analysis for the harmonic distortion??? YES, Here is the total harmonic distortion for voltage and the distortion percentage for each harmonic component are analyzed on 11kV bus.
- 11. Is frequency regulation necessary?? Frequency is affected by the balance between load and generation, so the technology of PEV with two orientations generating and loading would affect that balance. Regulation must be under direct real-time control of the grid operator. Generating unit capable of receiving signals from the grid operator computer. Response in a less time by increasing or decreasing the output of the generator.
- 12. Lets visualize the frequency response.. Here the frequency response for 20 seconds is simulated. The disturbances are defined at second 5 and the frequency response at 33kV bus bar.
- 13. Rise of cost due to losses one of the biggest problem.. Due to efficiency loss of 10% in charger, cost of charging and discharging is increased. If inverter efficiency take into account, then cost increases more.
- 14. Its time to conclude…. Nothing is impossible in this new modern world, But several steps to be taken to make everything easy and make things practical in real life. Energy transfer from vehicle to grid or grid to vehicle is possible but we can not take every possibility in our real life, also we have to make efforts for that. These efforts are generally discussed in this ppt.