Electrical Circuits, Simplification and Analysis

1. Network Theory(19EC33)
2020-21
Class-2: Basic Concepts-Active Elements
MOHANKUMAR V.
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
D E P A R TM E N T O F E L E C TR O N I C S A N D C O M M U N I C A TI O N E N G I N E E R I N G
D R . A M B E D K A R I N S TI TU TE O F TE C H N O L O G Y , B E N G A L U R U - 5 6
E - M A I L : MO H A N K U MA R . V @ D R - A I T . O R G

2. Dept. of ECE, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru
Network Theory (19EC33)
Basic Concepts
Electrical Elements
Passive
Elements
Resistors Capacitors Inductors
Active
Elements
Independent
sources
Ideal
Voltage Current
Practical
voltage current
Dependent sources
VCVS VCIS ICVS ICIS

3. Dept. of ECE, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru
Network Theory (19EC33)
Basic Concepts……
Independent Ideal Sources
Sources which maintains a constant value and does not affected by any other quantity
1. Ideal Voltage Source
Source which maintains a constant voltage, and its is independent of the current drawn from
it. These sources are having zero internal Impedance/Resistance.
2. Ideal Current Source
Source which maintains a constant current, and its is independent of the terminal voltage.
These sources are having Infinite internal Impedance/Resistance.
Ideal Voltage Source Ideal Current Source

4. Dept. of ECE, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru
Network Theory (19EC33)
Basic Concepts…
Independent Practical Sources
Sources having some internal resistance or impedance
are called practical sources.
1. Practical Voltage Source
Due to internal impedance or resistance voltage drop
takes place and it causes terminal voltage to reduce.
𝑉𝐴𝐵 = 𝑉 − 𝐼𝑟
2. Practical Current Source
Current drop takes place.
𝑰 𝑨𝑩 = 𝑰 −
𝑽 𝑨𝑩
𝒓
Practical Voltage Source
Practical Current Source

5. Dept. of ECE, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru
Network Theory (19EC33)
Circuit Simplification
Simplification
• Ideal Voltage sources in series- Can be replaced
by a single voltage source.
• Equivalent voltage is the sum or difference of
individual voltages source values.

6. Dept. of ECE, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru
Network Theory (19EC33)
Circuit Simplification
Simplification
• Ideal Current sources in parallel – Can be
replaced by a single current source.
• Equivalent current is the sum or difference of
individual current source values.

7. Dept. of ECE, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru
Network Theory (19EC33)
Circuit Simplification
Simplification
• Ideal Voltage Sources in Parallel and Ideal
current sources in Series

8. Dept. of ECE, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru
Network Theory (19EC33)
Source Transformation
Source Transformation
• It is a process of converting practical voltage source into practical current
source.
• Used for circuit/ network simplifications
• Not applicable to ideal sources.
Voltage source to current source
Current source to Voltage source
𝐼 =
𝑉
𝑅
𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅

9. Dept. of ECE, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru
Network Theory (19EC33)
Disclaimer
Some Contents and Images showed in this PPT
have been taken from the various internet
sources for educational purpose only.
Thank You
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