More explanation about what electronics is

2. Electronics is
• The branch of science and technology that
deals with controlling electricity.

3. What is electricity?
• The word electricity comes from the Latin
electrum, which comes from the Greek
word ἤλεκτρον (elektron), meaning amber.
• Origin of the Greek word is unknown, but
may have come from Phoenician word
elēkrŏn, meaning ‘shining light’.
• Phoenician is similar to Hebrew and in
Hebrew, el means God.
• The original meaning of electricity may
literally be ‘power of God’.

4. Electric vs. Electronic
• Electric circuits and systems are used to
manage power.
• Electronic circuits and systems are used to
manage information.

5. Why is electronics important?
• Moving objects have kinetic energy and
can be used to do work, therefore,
electricity can be used to do work for us.
• What do we use electricity for?
• What do we use electronics for?

6. Think of electronics like a tree

7. current
voltage resistance
power

8. current
voltage resistance
power
By now you know a lot about these
4 fundamental properties of electricity.
Ohm’s Law
Kirchhoff's Laws
series circuits
parallel circuits
V=IR
I=V/R
R=V/I
P=IV

9. current
voltage resistance
power
components

10. current
voltage resistance
power
components
wires fuses
cables relays
connectors inductors
resistors capacitors
transducers switches
batteries
diodes
transistors
vacuum tubes
SCRs
piezoelectric sensors
optoelectronics
You’ve also learned about many components
used to control these 4 fundamental properties
and the tools needed to work with electronics.
We will learn more components this year,
especially those used in digital electronics.

11. current
voltage resistance
power
components
circuits

12. current
voltage resistance
power
components
circuits
Oscillators
Amplifiers
Mixers
Filters
Rectifiers
Timers
Op Amps
Logic Gates
Encoders & Decoders
Counters
Flip-flops
Analog-Digital converters
Digital-Analog converters
Microprocessors
Last year you some circuits common in
DC and AC systems.
We will learn more circuits, particularly some
used in solid state and digital systems.

13. current
voltage resistance
power
components
circuits
systems

14. current
voltage resistance
power
components
circuits
systems
communications
computers
industrial
test & measurement
biomedical
consumer
audiovisual

15. Electronic Systems Organization
• All electronic systems either manipulate
information, or do work, or do both.
• All electronic systems are organized in a
similar fashion: sense  decide  act
sometimes phrased input  process  output
• Incidentally, all living biological systems
are organized the same way. For
example, your sense organs send
information to the brain which decides and
then sends signals to the muscles, glands
and organs to act.

16. What is solid state electronics?
• To understand solid state, let’s review history.
• The telegraph was one of the first useful electrical
or electronic inventions, but it had a major
limitation – distance.
• Signal strength (voltage or current level)
decreases with distance. After a few miles,
signals were so faint that they were unintelligible.
• Relay telegraphers relayed the signals, but
sometimes they made mistakes.
• What was needed to make long distance
communication really practical?

17. Amplifiers
• 1906 Lee DeForest invented the triode vacuum
tube (He called it the audion.)
• Tubes revolutionized electronics because they
can switch and regulate electricity.

18. Amplifiers
• Problems with tubes:
– They are large.
– They are fragile.
– They need time to warm up to work right.
– They use lots of power and generate lots of heat.
– They often burn out, like light bulbs.
• Electronics is better with components that are
– small, lightweight, rugged, fast, low power, low heat,
and reliable.
• The solution – solid state components!

19. Solid State Electronics
• Solid state = electronic components built of solid
materials rather than vacuum, gases, or liquids.
• Typical materials are solid semiconductors such as
silicon & germanium.
• Advantages of solid state over vacuum tubes:
– Smaller, lightweight, rugged, more reliable, faster
response, lower power consumption, cooler.
• Typical components:
– transistors, diodes, LEDs, SCRs, optoisolators, optical
sensors, IR emitters & sensors, integrated circuits or ICs

20. What is digital electronics?
• What does digital mean?
Digit means fingers.
We count with them.
• To understand digital electronics, you
must realize that we can only do 2 things
to electricity between the power source
and the point of use.
Switch it
Regulate it

21. Digital versus Analog
• Which is better, digital or analog?
Depends on what you need to do.
• Digital = controlling signals (information)
by switching electricity on or off
• Analog = controlling signals (information)
by regulating electricity

22. current
voltage resistance
power
components
circuits
systems
This year we will focus on radio, robotics and
microcontrollers, systems depending on solid
state and digital electronics.

23. Advanced Electronics Projects
• Chaney 35-in-1 digital labs
• ADC & DAC
• Schematic drawing software
• PCB software
• PCB production
• Microcontrollers & Robots
• Coding
• Cybersecurity