A Comparative Study About The Spending Habits Of Senior High School And College Students During The Pandemic

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A Comparative Study about the Spending Habits of
Senior High School and College Students
During the Pandemic
A Research
Presented to the
Faculty of the Basic Education Department of
FEU Roosevelt
Marikina City
In Partial Fulfilment of the requirements for
Research Writing
By
Kiano P. Avellana
Rona A. Galapon
Daphne S. Pangan
Hannah V. Pascual
Siekinah M. Taradel
May 2021
12 ABM

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APPROVAL SHEET
This research hereto entitled:
A Comparative Study about the Spending Habits of
Senior High School and College Students during the
Pandemic
Prepared and submitted by Avellana, Kiano, Galapon,
Rona, Pangan, Daphne, Pascual, Hannah, and Taradel,
Siekinah in partial fulfilment of the requirements for
Research Writing has been examined and it is
recommended for acceptance and approval for ORAL
EXAMINATION.
DR. FREDERICK EDWARD T. FABELLA
Research Instructor
Approved by the committee on Oral Examination with a
grade of PASSED on May of 2021
Mr. Jared Cruz
Ms. Dena Culaba
Ms. Nicka De Guzman
Accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for
Research Writing.
DENA S. CULABA
Principal

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ABSTRACT
Name of Institution
Title
Authors
Date of Completion
Summary:
This descriptive comparative study focuses
on the spending habits of senior high school and
college students during the pandemic using the
maturity and consumer theory. These theories helped
this study guide the researchers to find out who's the
mature one is when it comes to managing their money,
how senior high school and college students spend
their money, and how often they spend money.
: FEU Roosevelt, Marikina City
: A Comparative Study about the
Spending Habits of Senior High
School and College Students
during the Pandemic
: Kiano Avellana
Rona Galapon
Daphne Pangan
Hannah Pascual
Siekinah Taradel
: May 2021

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70 respondents permitted their answers in the online
survey to contribute to the goal of this study. This
study aims to show the comparison between senior high
school and college students in terms of spending
habits and the possible significant differences. As
interpreted from the answers of the respondents, the
senior high school students are the one who’s likely
to spend more money during the pandemic, and the
college students are the one who’s more likely to
spend less and save money. The results revealed that
there is a significant difference between the spending
habits of senior high school and college students
during the pandemic. The findings of this study may
help students to be aware of their spending habits,
and to be wise when it comes to spending their money.

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Table of Contents
TITLE PAGE...........................................i
APPROVAL SHEET......................................ii
ABSTRACT...........................................iii
Table of Contents....................................V
Chapter I............................................1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND.......................1
Introduction....................................1
Theoretical Framework...........................3
Statement of the Problem........................4
Hypothesis......................................5
Significance of the Study.......................5
Definition of Terms.............................6
CHAPTER II...........................................7
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES.............7
CHAPTER III.........................................28
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY.....................28
Research Design................................29
Research Locale................................30
Participants of the Study......................31
Research Instruments...........................32
Data Collection................................33

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Treatment of Data..............................35
Ethical Consideration..........................38
CHAPTER IV..........................................38
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA...38
Problem No. 1: What is the profile of the subjects in
terms of age, sex, and grade year level?
....................................................39
Problem No. 2: What is the level of Spending Habits of
those who belong to Senior High School?
....................................................54
those who belong to College?
....................................................58
Problem No. 4: Is there a significant difference in
the Spending Habits of those belonging to Senior High
School and those belonging to College?
....................................................64
CHAPTER V...........................................72
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS............................... 72
Summary of Findings............................72
Conclusions....................................77
Recommendations................................78

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REFFERENCES.........................................81

CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
Many people have different ways of how they spend
their money; it can be spent on important things,
essential things that we need, especially now that we
are in a pandemic situation, on unnecessary things
that we find cute or attractive, for collection, and
many more reasons to spend it more often that may lead
to people’s spending habits.
Spending habits are the behavior pattern that is
followed regularly that is almost involuntary. It is a
habit of spending money whenever you have money and
every moment you get paid. It is a habit that many
people didn’t realize or noticed to their
selves. According to Money Habitudes (2020), it is
often contextual. You spend the same way with the same
set of conditions. Because it’s a habit, it may be so
natural and involuntary that you don’t even realize
it. The examples of it are you always spend a lot of
money right after you get paid, that might mean taking
your family out to dinner every payday; You always

give to charity at the end of the year; You have a
habit of spending on souvenir T-shirts on vacation,
and You always wait until the last minute to buy a
plane ticket. During the Covid-19 Pandemic, many
online business platforms became popular and
recognized by many people. As staying at home is kind
of boring to others, especially the youth, social
media became their entertainment including online
shopping. Many people continue their work by selling
online as they became unemployed due to closing many
businesses, malls, and works during the lockdown. At
the same time, many people spent their time buying
things online. Many online businesses increased as
people, especially the students can’t go outside to
buy the things they need for their online classes, so
they use the online platforms to buy necessary and
unnecessary things they want to buy. During the
pandemic, it became the spending habits of many
people, buying things online as much as they have
money and as much they see things that they want/need
to buy.
The researchers came up with this topic to further
know if there is a significant difference between the

spending habits of Senior High School and College
Students. This will contribute to future studies in
the field of education related to students’ decision
making especially the ones who are not wise about
spending their money.
Theoretical Framework
The purpose of this study will help us understand
and show the comparison between Senior High School and
College students in terms of Spending Habits. How they
manage their money as online business platforms became
popular in this Covid-19 Pandemic situation.
According to Argyris’ (2016) Maturity Theory, he
introduced Personality and Organization, which is one
of the theories that attempt to understand human
existence and behavior. According to his principle, a
person's progression is tracked through a continuous
transition from immaturity to maturity. Active,
autonomous, self-assured, and self-controlled are
characteristics of a mature individual. An immature
person, on the other hand, is passive, dependent, lack

motivation, and thinks he or she needs to be
controlled by others.
As stated in Consumer Theory, it describes how people
make decisions based on their financial resources and
the cost of goods and services. It shows how
individuals make choices to spend their money and
build a better understanding of individuals’ tastes.
Consumer theory isn't perfect and it relies on a lot
of conclusions regarding human nature since people are
unfamiliar with the goods, certain choices are
difficult to make for them.
Statement of the Problem
The goal of this study is to show the
comparison between Senior High School and
College Students in terms of Spending Habits
during the Pandemic.
1. What is the profile of the subjects in terms of:
a. Age
b. Sex
c. Grade Level
2. What is the level of Spending Habits of

3. What is the level of Spending Habits of
those who belong to College?
4. Is there a significant difference in the
Spending Habits of those belonging to
Senior High School and those belonging to
College?
5. What are the implication and
recommendations based on the findings of
the study?
Hypothesis
This study hypothesized that there is no significant
difference between Senior High School and College
students in terms of Spending Habits.
Significance of the Study
The findings of this research will provide a
significant and in-depth result about the spending
habits of Senior High School and College students
during the Pandemic.

Students: This may serve as a guide to managing their
spending habits during the pandemic
Parents: The data from the study will help and guide
parents to teach the children to become wise on
spending their money.
Business owners: The result of the study will help the
business owners plays a vital role in decisions about
what products or services to offer and how to sell
them.
Society: The study may serve as data for comparison
for a different institution to aim to develop and
enhance the critical thinking, decision-making, and
maturity of a person.
Future researchers: This may also benefit because
they get information, ideas, and guidelines for future
research and study about the spending habits of Senior
High School and College Students.
Definition of Terms
Spending habits - The difference between the
spending money of Senior High School and

College Students; spending money for things
that they want and how often they do it.
Senior High School Students - Someone who is
currently enrolled in Grade 11 or Grade 12 in
a DepEd recognized school.
College Students - Someone who is currently enrolled
in a full academic mode in a CHED recognized higher
education institution.
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter presents the summary of literature and
studies that have relevance to the present study. They
are viewed by the researcher to gain deeper insights
into the field of study. It was from these materials
that the concept of this work was based and formed.
It also included the theoretical and conceptual
framework on which this study was anchored.

Senior High School
Students in high school really want to be
independent, and parents already know about it because
they have been through it. Teenagers can become
estranged from their parents in high school when they
are entering the world and doing a lot of things on
their own, and instead of questioning, they always
only behave. I believe that if you are reasonable,
parents will always say yes if you ask, for example,
if you should stay out later than normal. Remember to
reflect on what is relevant, be compassionate, and
clearly express your desires and needs the next time
you are looking for opportunities to become
independent and win confidence from adults in your
life (Harrison, 2015).
Additionally, Biswas (2018) conducted a study about
Emotional maturity that is about understanding and
managing emotions/actions. It aims to look at the
emotional maturity of students in higher secondary
schools. The investigator self-designed and
administered the emotional Maturity Scale (EMS) to
assess students' emotional maturity. The reliability

was measured and was found to be 0.72. After analyzing
the data, it was discovered that all H.S. School
students have matured emotionally and the findings
revealed that there is no substantial variation in
Emotional Maturity among H.S. School Level students
depending on gender or location.
College Students
Being a college student is fun, but there are so
many responsibilities ahead of that. Some college
students are the first time to leave the warmth of
their parents and be away from their home. This is the
early age of being an adult so that they need to learn
to live on their own and budget their own money.
Determining the distinction between necessary and non-
essential objects is another challenge for many
college students. Food, clothes, and toiletries are
all essential products for daily life and grooming, as
well as, arguably, for schooling. Non-essential items
are items that you don't need on a daily basis, such
as a new pair of shoes or an iPad. Non-essentials are
things that are "want to have" but are not
"important." Restrict your expenses to just important

goods until you've been used to working under your
means, which could be tough at first (Segal, 2020).
The goal for college students is to gain
flexibility and understand the value of being able to
set their plans. Independence does not imply that you
are capable of navigating life on your own. Instead,
independence is a valuable life skill that you will
learn in college, and you acquire an understanding of
what it takes to be an adult in the real world. Gozon
(2017) stated that most college students want to be
independent, and some of them are already independent
or in the process of being independent. Independence
is taking care of the self without any major help from
others like family or friends. Many people will be
challenged and inspired by college, and it will also
help students gain maturity and freedom.
According to a study conducted by Majeed (2020),
arrogance is appropriate in an emotionally stable
individual. They make the most of their social,
behavioral, physical, and psychological skills. They
are competent in resolving conflicts in a timely
fashion, and their emotional experiences are rational.
In their emotional surroundings, they may use their

creativity. They are capable of loving many people and
being compassionate to others. The focus of the paper
is on the idea of emotional maturity. Its traits, as
well as the relevance and barriers to emotional
maturity, have been illustrated. In their emotional
environments, they can use their creativity. They will
love many people and sympathize with others. The topic
of emotional maturity is the focus of the current
article. Along with it, the importance of emotional
intelligence has been emphasized, as well as the
challenges that stand in the way.
Spending Habits
Spending Behavior
Money, through the years, has been a commodity
for everyone. As it is termed in international trade
parlance, it is considered to be “sine qua non” or
without which, nothing could be done. According to a
study conducted at the Lyceum of the Philippines
University - Batangas, it was determined that the
current spending status of the teaching personnel in

the university had been more focused on their basic
necessities. Furthermore, it also concluded that aside
from their commodities, they’re also experiencing
excessive spending on unnecessary things (Perculeza
et. al, 2020).
As the pandemic brought abrupt changes to the
country that has led to the immediate adjustment from
the practices of the people before the outbreak,
consumers are currently learning to adapt to the
changes especially in terms of obtaining their daily
needs. As stated by Parson et al. (2020), a global
crisis struck the world in the shape of the COVID-19
pandemic at the beginning of 2020. As a result,
supermarkets have experienced panic buying behaviors,
empty store shelves, out of stocks, and a large
increase in online sales. Supermarkets, producers,
marketers, and businesses have had to adapt to
consumers' changed buying behavior in food
consumption. In previous research, it has been found
that price and quality are two of the most influential
factors in the consumer decision process, increased
price sensitivity and perceived quality of food
products concerns consumers in crisis situations. They

investigated their respondents based on price
sensitivity and perceived quality factors with two
specific categories: meat and vegetables. 169
responses from consumers were analyzed and the result
suggests that the buying behavior regarding price
sensitivity and perceived quality of meat, fruits, and
vegetables has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic
and no moderating effect of residency was found. The
result of the study created a foundation in a unique
crisis that has never been studied before and the
exploratory nature of the study gives multiple
indicators for future research (Parson et al., 2020).
However, even before the changes effectuated by
COVID-19, there were already cases and issues
regarding the behavior of consumers especially in the
market. According to Stilley et al. (2010), consumers
have in-store slack for grocery trips—that is, they
leave room in their mental budgets to make unplanned
purchases. Moreover, the study also evaluated the
effect of promotional savings for both planned and
unplanned items on spending varies as a function of
whether the item is purchased before or after the
shopper's in-store slack is depleted as well as its

varying relationship depending on the income. In
addition, the result also suggested that savings on
planned items lead to stockpiling by higher-income
shoppers when the savings occur before the in-store
slack has been depleted but lead to increased purchase
of unplanned items when they occur after in-store
slack is depleted. Thus, promotions on unplanned
grocery items generate incremental spending at the
basket level, which increases with income but only
when the item is purchased after the in-store slack is
exceeded.
Behavior of Youth on Spending in General
Financial literacy has become a significant
challenge in society especially among the young
generation. Financial Literacy refers to specific
understanding, attitudes, and normative influences on
financial matters. It will help the youthful
generation to make good financial commitment. Mohammed
et al. (2018) conducted a study that aims to determine
the height of financial literacy amid the young
generation in Malaysia. It directs to developing a

unique representation of financial literacy among
youthful age as assumed Family, Peer, Attitude, Saving
and spending behavior significantly influence
Financial Literacy among Young Generations. The
results revealed a significant positive relationship
between Behavior and Financial Literacy. Furthermore,
the findings showed that Family/Parental and Peer
significantly influenced Financial Literacy. The study
implies that it is related to the public, academic and
university administrators, government, and financial
advisor to grow the level of financial literacy by
implementing several financial educational
programmers.
Additionally, youth are an influential group by
virtue of their numbers in the total population,
purchasing power, high levels of leisure time and
exposure to abundance of information because of the
advent of technology. Chavali (2020) stated by the
conducted study that the influence of peers, influence
of parents and financial literacy of youth are
significantly correlated with the saving and spending
habits of youth. The conducted study aims to
investigate the saving and spending habits of youth in

Sultanate of Oman and its objectives are the saving
and spending habits of youth and the variables which
have an impact on it.
Habits of Students in terms of Financial Aspect
In recent times, one of the most enduring challenges
that still affect college students is the huge
difficulty in controlling the way they spend, and
worldwide, very minute research has been done about
this. The current level of the problem on the spending
front is again, not absolutely figured and sorted out.
The study conducted by Singh et al. (2020), focused on
determining the spending behavior of 138 university
students in Delhi & Mumbai. Respondents were found to
be spending tightly when it came to shopping and
travelling and academic purposes and loosely when it
came to entertainment and lifestyle. It can be
concluded that gender, being outstation or being based
in the city were the key determinants that made the
difference on spending behavior.

Binobo et al. (2019) stated that no significant
difference in the level of financial literacy when
participants are grouped according to grade level,
district and family monthly income. But there is a
significant difference in the level of financial
literacy when grouped according to sex. Further
results show that there are existing relationships
between spending habits, saving habits and financial
knowledge amongst each other. The conducted study
determined the level of financial literacy of senior
high school students from different private schools of
Bacolod City. It dwells on the areas spending habits,
saving habits and financial knowledge in order to
determine the overall financial knowledge.
Meanwhile, the spending habits of students nowadays
has become a major concern in our society in view of
the increase in bankruptcy cases and social problems
among younger generation which are often associated
with their financial instability due to poor
individual financial management. Poh (2016) stated by
the conducted study that prestige factor, promotional
approaches and social status are factors which
influence the spending habits of the students, whereas

the product usage and purchasing power do not have
significant influenced the students' spending habits,
but there is an indirect factor influencing the
spending habits because it is correlated to prestige
factor and promotional approaches. The study aims to
know the factors influencing the spending habits of
students and to fill the knowledge gap on their
spending, dependent variable is spending habits, and
four independent variables have been determined,
namely product usage and purchasing power, social
status, promotional approaches and prestige.
College Students
A. Local
Spending habits of college students can affect their
financial mistakes in the future that’s why the study
have a survey whereas the students who were enrolled
in Accountancy, Business Administration, and Office
Administration program which results the highest 76%
of the 90 respondents received an allowance from their
parents and the lowest 2% have personal investments
where they get their allowances. The results revealed

that the highest percent where the student spend their
monthly allowance was in clothing and accessories with
41.1% and the lowest was the beauty products and
services with 32.2%. The spending habits of students
were discovered that peer pressure and product
consistency were the two factors that influence the
students purchasing decisions (Perdido et al., 2016).
College students have experience difficulty managing
their expenses especially in terms of Personal needs,
foods, academic purposes and transportation. According
to a study conducted by Dimaala et al. (2019), College
students are loose in spending their money when it
comes to their personal needs, academic purposes, and
transportation, and it became tight when it comes to
their foods. The study conducted focused on the
general weighted average and a monthly allowance of
the 345 business management students in the
polytechnic University of the Philippines. The study
conducted to determine if there is any relation
between the general average and allowance of the
selected students with their spending habits, and the
results revealed that the participants are loose in
spending their money when it comes to their personal

needs, academic purposes, and transportation, and it
became tight when it comes to their foods. Also, there
is no connection between the general weighted average
and the monthly allowance.
In similarity to the previous study, the preparation
and consumption of one’s food is governed by choices,
attitudes, behavior, and beliefs. According to a study
conducted by Delayco and Bianca (2015), students do
planning for eating out because of the delicious taste
under the variable of beliefs and evaluation,
budgeting under the behavioral intent, and lastly
having their meal and budgeting under the variable of
actual behavior. The study determined the budgeting
and eating out behavior of the de La Salle university
students. Also, it revealed that as general weighted
average increases, the monthly allowance decreases and
vice- versa.
On the other hand, one of the challenges that
college students encounter is the difficulty to
control the way they spend and in the Philippines,
very minimal research has been conducted about this.
The level of the perceived problem on the spending is
still not absolutely figured out. Abawag et al.

(2019), conducted a study determining the spending
habits of University of Saint Louis Tuguegarao
management students which revealed the results that
Personal needs and academic purposes were found to be
tightly budgeted, while food and transportation were
found to be accrued. It can be concluded that sex,
course, year level, and ethnicity are determinants of
differences in management students' spending behavior,
whereas socioeconomic status was found to be
negligible when comparing said behavior.
In addition, Bona (2018) stated in the conducted
study that the spending behavior of the college
students was influenced by their family background.
The study determined the factors affecting the
spending behaviour among the college students of
Surigao Del sur state university in Cantilan. Its
purpose study was to understand how the factors
influenced the spending conduct of college students
and their financial behavior. The findings is that
parents play a key role in shaping the attitude and
behavior of their children.
College students spent more money on tasks and
assignments, tuition fees and school supplies, and

room and board. Majority of the respondents are
female, and the majority of them depend on their
parents for financial support. It is due to the rising
cost of the materials needed to complete their tasks
and assignments. Furthermore, increasing tuition fees,
room and board costs resulted in increased spending
(Bona, 2017).
B. International
The purpose of the study is to determine the
spending habits among college students in IBS College
Miri. The research result indicated four major
finding. The first finding is the college students
mostly like to spend their money on food because they
are students and they need a lot of foods to survive
in their life. The second finding is a majority of the
female respondents mostly like to spend money on
shopping because shopping is a woman thing, they love
to explore things and even shopping comes to their
rescue at this time when they feel sad or unhappy. On
another hand, a majority of the male respondents
mostly like to spend on entertainment compared to

other activities because male mostly like to play game
and half of them who play video, computer or online
games, they feel that it keeps them from studying
“some” or a “lot.” The third finding is majority
respondents get the source income from the family
income because the college students like to spend
money on some expenses. The last finding the financial
planning is an important ways to improve the financial
management because it plays an important role in
determining the college students how to spend their
money wisely (Jin Jin, 2017).
Nowadays, uncontrollable spending habit towards
young generations are becoming progressively. They
tend to have less value of money compared to the elder
generations in spending their money. According to a
study conducted by Kamis et al. (2020), there were
only three factors of money attitude (power-prestige,
retention-time, and anxiety) have a significant effect
on spending behavior among UNISEL students and anxiety
is the most influential factor of money attitude
towards spending behavior. The purpose of the study is
to investigate the relationship of money attitude
factors (power-prestige, distrust-frugality,

retention-time and anxiety) as determinants of UNISEL
students’ spending behaviors.
However, Jeevitha and Priya (2019) stated to the
conducted study that students saved less than they
spend but their spending avenues are different. Most
of the students have savings and they know about the
importance of savings. Students commonly prefer saving
bank account as their saving avenues. Students save
for their emergency situation. From the study on
spending pattern of students, they are spending higher
amount in transportation and studies. The study
determine to see the saving and spending habits of
college students and the survey was administered among
200 college going students.
Meanwhile, according to a study conducted by
Villanueva (2017), Whites and Asians spend
significantly more than other ethnicities while Blacks
save significantly more. The study analyzes spending
and saving behavior among students of various class
years, ethnicities, and gender at Skidmore College.

Buying Behaviour of Consumers
The study assessed the factors that significantly
influenced impulse buying and ascertained which among
these factors greatly influenced it. The study
determined the type of impulse buying behavior the
consumers have. Three hundred eighty-five consumers
which were making purchases at the time and place of
the data gathering were the participants of the study.
The findings revealed that both the internal and
external factors have significant influence to the
behavior of the participants when buying impulsively.
The study identified that age, marital status, net
monthly income, shopping enjoyment and promotional
approach exhibit significant influence. The findings
ascertained that the participants were planned impulse
buyers. Moreover, it identified that for internal
factors the net monthly income has a great influence
and for external factors, shopping enjoyment greatly
influence the impulse buying behavior of the consumers
(Plaza et al., 2017).
The World Wide Web has propelled in no small extent
of changes in the attitude and behavior of people all

over the world. Due to this blessing, online shopping
has emerged which influenced the lives of ordinary
citizens. According to Rahman et al. (2018), a study
conducted to understand the behavior of online
shoppers through a self-constructed questionnaire of
160 respondents from Dhaka city. Online shopping has
also been started in Bangladesh, but consumers are not
much habituated yet to go online shopping frequently.
The survey reveals that consumers shop online to save
time, and for available varieties of products and
services. Both male and female both have the same type
of behavior towards liking and disliking factors; they
like home delivery facility and dislike inability to
touch and feel the product most. They acquire online
shopping information from websites especially from the
social network and purchase apparels, accessories
mostly through cash on delivery method of payment.
Most of the consumers are concern about the security
of the payment system, and their overall online
shopping satisfaction is mixed.

Synthesis
As College students became independent in terms
of spending money, the senior high school students on
the other side wants to be independent. Being a
college students is hard as they have new challenges,
more responsibilities, and to live and handle money on
their own. Emotional Maturity is not based on the age,
status, but it is based on how people grow and became
matured on their adolescent stage as some people
became matured early, and some are late. There are 5
categories related to spending habits, the first one
is the spending behaviour. Spending money has become a
habit of many people whenever they have money,
sometimes it became impulsive and lacks of money
management that we need especially in this pandemic
situation; the Second is Behaviour of Youth on
Spending in General because it includes any age,
gender, grade level as we know even the kids nowadays
know how to spend money as they became advance in
technology; the third is the Habits of Students in
terms of Financial Aspect as we know that being a
student, there are needs for school, for personal
needs and wants, and other essential & non-essential

things. It includes how students spend their money at
the same time their way of saving; the fourth one is
College Students as they know more expensive in
spending money because of their chosen courses. It has
local and international studies related to college
students in terms of spending behaviour and financial
aspect, and the last one is the Buying Behaviour of
Consumers because of impulsiveness of many people,
their behaviour when they handle their money, and the
effect as online shopping has emerged which influenced
the lives of ordinary citizens.
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research method, the
research locale, the respondents of the study, the
sampling technique, the research instruments, the data
gathering procedure and the statistical method used in
the study.

Research Design
A descriptive comparative research design was
used for this study. This study aims to know the
Spending Habits of Senior High School and College
students during the Pandemic. Since few local studies
focus on the Spending Habits of Senior High School and
College students, a growing assumption from the
students holds the belief that school fees, school
supplies, and personal needs are the things where they
spend their money a lot. They believe that their basic
needs are the ones that make them spend. This study
aims to explore if there are any specific aspects of
Spending Habits that hinder students to save their own
money. A descriptive comparative design is when the
researcher considers two (2) variables that are not
manipulated and establishes a formal procedure to
conclude that one is better than the other. With that
established, it is imperative to also look for any
barrier that hinders the saving habits of Senior High
School and College Students. Upon the establishment of
comprehensible data, the Students can start to design,
develop and implement a relevant intervention plan as
a part of research-based practice.

Research Locale
The study was conducted in FEU Roosevelt Marikina,
specifically in the Senior High School department
located at 504 J.P. Rizal St. Malanday, Marikina City.
The institution was selected for its prior
accessibility and convenience to the researchers as
students of the school. Furthermore, the institution
proved to be effective in finding the participants
necessary, considering that the chosen population for
the study is Senior High School and College students
in any school that are only available for the study.
As the researchers are from FEU Roosevelt Marikina,
there are many FEU Roosevelt Marikina students known
by the researchers and the other students known that
are only available from other schools. The
distribution and implementation of the research
instruments became more seamless and transcribed to
all participants who have partaken in the study as the
said facility in the said institution have been
thoroughly researched and known by the researchers.
However, due to the ongoing situation brought by the
COVID-19 pandemic, the researchers performed the data

gathering process through online surveys rather than
conducting face-to-face distribution of surveys.
Likewise, the utilization of various internet
resources and online meetings ensured the
effectiveness of the digital collection and
interpretation of data.
Participants of the Study
Senior High School and College students were the
participants of this study. The Senior High School
participants’’ ages range from 17 to 19 years old,
while College students” ages ranged from 18 to 26
years old. The participants in senior high school had
a total of 35 students consists of 11 male and 24
female, while the participants in College had 35
students consists of 19 male and 16 female. The
population had a total of 70 students consists of 30
male and 40 female respondents. The researcher made
use of convenience sampling to get the number of
student number participants.
The participants in this research are from various
institutions. Senior high school students had 35

selected students from any school, and also college
students had 35 selected participants from any school.
The questionnaire was modified and validated by the
Professional teachers.
Research Instruments
This study used the Likert scale questionnaire
created to quickly, easily, and accurately measure the
level of spending habits of those who belong to Senior
High School and College students during the pandemic.
The data needed were gathered from an online survey
form. To gather the spending habits of Senior High
School and College students, a checklist was made. It
asked how Senior High School and College students
spend their money. It consisted of 15 items in which
the students indicated would have to respond whether
they strongly agree, agree, disagree, and strongly
disagree.
4 - Strongly Agree
3 – Agree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree

Before administering the questionnaire and inventory
actual respondents, it was validated first by the
three (3) teachers around Marikina City that are not
included in the sample for modification and
improvement of the items. In determining the spending
habits between Senior High School and College
students, an online survey of each respondent was
extracted and tallied.
Data Collection
Upon obtaining the necessary permit and informing
consent from the students, the data gathering phase of
the study commenced. With the participation of the
Senior High school and college students, the
researchers administered the spending habits
questionnaire to the participants through the Google
Forms link that contained the online survey with the
Specific and clear instructions were provided to avoid
confusion. It was designed to know the difference
between senior high school and college students in
terms of spending habits. The participating students
spending experience are obtained by the times they

have spent on buying things and how they spend their
money.
The spending habits questionnaire was tallied at
Google Forms, coded as follows: 4- Strongly Agree
(level 4 of spending habits), 3- Agree (level 3 of
spending habits), 2- Disagree (level 2 of spending
habits), 1- Strongly Disagree (level 1 of spending
habits). To obtain the scores representing the
spending habits of the students, the mean scores were
obtained by the highest scores, meaning more spending
habits of the students. The data collected by the
spending habits of the Senior High School and College
students during the pandemic. Upon the completion of
the mean scores of the spending habits between Senior
High School and College students, the independent
sample t-test was used to test the difference between
the two levels.

Treatment of Data
The data that were gathered to answer the specific
problems of this study were subjected to statistical
treatment.
The data in Problem number 1: What is the profile of
the subjects in terms of age, sex, and grade year
level?
This was treated with the use of Frequency
distribution and percentage of the
respondents based on the different profiles
considered.
To determine the answer in Problem number 2:
What is the level of Spending Habits of those
who belong to Senior High School?
The data were treated with the use of the weighted
mean of the data gathered from the senior high school
respondents.

The data in Problem number 3: What is the
level of Spending Habits of those who belong
to College?
The data were treated with the use of the weighted
mean of the data gathered from the college
respondents.
For Problem Number 4: Is there a significant
difference in the Spending Habits of those
belonging to Senior High School and those
belonging to College?
The data was subjected to independent sample
t-test.
To treat the Data in Problem number 5: What
are the implication and recommendations based
on the findings of the study?
The researchers referred to the related
literature used in this study to know what

procedures should be implemented to lessen
the students’ spending habits.
In this study, the researcher used fundamental
formulas.
The formula used for this study are the following
given below:
Frequency and Percentage Distribution was used to
standardize size by determining the relative
proportion of the individual case to the total cases.
Percentage is a ratio whose second term is 100.
Where, f = frequency of the class and n = the total
number of respondents.
Weighted Mean since responses of groups are assigned
points, the weighted mean was computed as a measure of
central tendency.
Where, Wi= corresponding weight and xi = the value of
any particular observations or measurement.
Independent sample t-test was used to compare the
weighted mean of two independent groups in order to
determine whether there is statistical evidence that

the associated population means are significantly
different.
Ethical Consideration
The informed consent of the participants was obtained
and their identities were kept anonymous. The
participants were told that they could withdraw from
the survey questionnaire at any time. Furthermore, the
participants were not subjected to any physical,
social or psychological harm.
CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter contains information about the
results of the study and the analysis and
interpretation of the data gathered with the use of
the adapted statistical measures. The presentation
includes a narrative discussion of the results and
implications of the data gathered which are
illustrated in tables.

Problem No. 1: What is the profile of the subjects in
terms of age, sex, and grade year level?
The following is a table that shows the profile of
the respondents from the collected data from the
survey.
Table 1
Distribution of Respondents According to Age
Age Range Number Percentage
17 8 11.4%
18 23 32.9%
19 14 20%
20 8 11.4%
21 13 18.6%
22 2 2.9%
23 1 1.4%
26 1 1.4%
Total 70 100%
Figure 1

Table 1 shows the overall distribution according
to their respective age. There are 8 respondents who
are (17) seventeen years old having a percentage of
11.4%; 23 respondents who are (18) eighteen years old
with a percentage of 32.9%; 14 respondents who are
(19) nineteen years old with a percentage of 20%; 8
respondents who are (20) twenty years old garnering a
percentage of 11.4%; 13 respondents who are (21)
twenty-one years old with a percentage of 18.6%; 2
respondents who are (22) twenty-two years old with a
percentage of 2.9%. However, there is only 1
respondent who is a (23) twenty-three year old having
a percentage of 1.4% and (26) twenty-six-years old
with a percentage of 1.4%. The total number of
respondents is 70 with a percentage of 100%.
Table 2
Distribution of Respondents According to Sex
Sex Number Percentage
Male 30 42.9%
Female 40 57.1%
Total 70 100%

Figure 2
Table 2 shows the overall sex distribution of the
Senior High School and College respondents. It is
clear that there are more female - (40) forty
participants with a percentage of 57.1% than male -
(30) thirty participants with a percentage of 42.9%.
The total number of the participants is (70) seventy,
which has a percentage of 100%.
Table 3
Distribution of Respondents According to Residence
City/Municipality Number Percentage
Antipolo City 2 2.8%
Batangas City 1 1.4%
Cabagan 3 4.3%
Caloocan City 2 2.8%
Isabela City 2 2.9%
Marikina City 43 61.5%

Montalban, Rizal 1 1.4%
Oriental Mindoro 1 1.4%
Quezon City 6 8.6%
San Mateo, Rizal 9 12.9%
Total 70 100%
Figure 3
Table 3 shows the municipality of the participants
according to their residences. In Antipolo City, there
are 2 respondents, which has a percentage of 2.8%; 1
participant with a percentage of 1.4% in Batangas
City; 3 respondents with a percentage of 4.3% in
Cabagan City; 2 participants with a percentage of 2.8%
in Caloocan City; 2 participants with a percentage of
2.9% in Isabela city; 43 participants with a
percentage of 61.5% in Marikina City; 1 participant

with a percentage of 1.4% in Montalban City; 1
participant with a percentage of 1.4% in Oriental
Mindoro; 6 participants with a percentage of 8.6 in
Quezon City; and 9 participants with a percentage of
12.9% in San Mateo Rizal. It was inferred that the
most municipal with the highest respondents was in
Marikina City. The total number of participants is 70
with a total percentage of 100%.
Table 4
Distribution of Respondents According to Employment
Status
Employment
Status
Number Percentage
With Stable
Income
12 17.1%
Without
Stable
Income
58 82.9%
Total 70 100%
Figure 4

Table 4 shows the respondents’ employment status
if they have a stable income or without a stable
income. (12) Twelve of the participants has a stable
income with a percentage of 17.1%, and (58) fifty-
eight participants without a stable income with a
percentage of 82.9%. The total number of participants
is 70 with a percentage of 100%.
Table 5
Distribution of Respondents According to Educational
Level
Educational
Level
Number Percentage
Senior High 35 50%
College 35 50%
Total 70 100%
Figure 5

Table 5 shows the total distribution of the
respondents according to their educational level. In
senior high school, there are 35 participants with a
percentage of 50%. While in college, there are also 35
participants with a percentage of 50%. The total
number of the participants is 70 with a percentage of
100%.
Table 6
Responses of Male to the Researcher-Made Questionnaire
Item
Strongly
Disagree
Disagree
Agree
Strongly
Agree
Weighted
Mean
Verbal
Interpretation
1 2 3 4
1. I spend my allowance
every day.
8 12 6 4 2.2 Disagree
2. I spend my allowance
when I’m craving for
something.
6 5 13 6 2.63 Agree
3. I spend my savings
to buy the things
that I want.
4 6 9 11 2.9 Agree
4. I spend my money
whenever there is a
sale.
4 16 9 1 2.23 Disagree
5. I buy everything I
see interesting.
7 15 6 2 2.1 Disagree
6. I buy a lot of stuff 8 10 9 3 2.23 Agree

when there is money.
7. I purchase school
appliances even when
not needed.
15 10 5 0 1.67 Strongly
Disagree
8. I request money from
my parents to buy
personal needs.
9 6 9 6 2.4 Disagree
9. I always spend money
whenever I go to the
mall.
10 7 9 4 2.23 Disagree
10. I spend money
on other people.
4 10 12 4 2.53 Agree
11. I borrow some
money to buy stuff.
16 5 8 1 1.8 Strongly
Disagree
12. I spend more
money when I am with
my friends to have a
good time.
4 10 7 9 2.7 Agree
13. I
automatically spend
my extra money to
buy clothes.
12 7 6 5 2.13 Disagree
14. I spend my
money when I buy
presents
4 5 14 7 2.8 Agree
15. I spend money
when I am with my
family.
10 1 6 13 2.73 Agree
Grand Weighted Mean 2.35 Disagree
Table 6 shows the result of the male responses in
researcher-made questionnaire. In statement number 1,
it was shown that there are 8 participants who
answered strongly disagree, 12 answered disagree, 6
answered agree, and 4 answered strongly agree. The
weighted mean is 2.2, and its verbal interpretation is
disagree. In statement number 2, it was obtained that

there are 6 participants who answered strongly
disagree, 5 answered disagree, 13 answered agree, and
6 answered strongly agree. The weighted mean is 2.63,
and its verbal interpretation is agree. In statement
number 3, it was obtained that there are 4
participants who answered strongly disagree, 6
answered disagree, 9 answered agree, and 11 answered
strongly agree. The weighted mean is 2.9, and its
verbal interpretation is agree. In statement number 4,
it was inferred that there are 4 participants who
answered agree, and only 1 answered strongly agree.
The weighted mean is 2.23, and its verbal
interpretation is disagree. In statement number 5,
and its verbal interpretation is disagree. In
statement number 6, there are 8 participants who
weighted mean is 2.23, and its verbal interpretation
is agree. In statement number 7, there are 15

answered disagree, 5 answered agree, and none answered
verbal interpretation is strongly disagree. In
weighted mean is 2.4, and its verbal interpretation is
disagree. In statement number 9, there are 10
participants answered strongly disagree, 7 answered
disagree, 9 answered agree, and 4 answered strongly
agree. The weighted mean is 2.23, and its verbal
disagree, 10 answered disagree, 12 answered answered
agree, and 4 answered strongly agree. The weighted
mean is 2.53, and its verbal interpretation is agree.
In statement number 11, there are 16 who strongly
only 1 answered strongly agree. The weighted mean is
1.8, and its verbal interpretation is strongly

interpretation is agree. In statement number 13, there
are 12 participants who answered strongly disagree, 7
verbal interpretation is disagree. In statement number
14, there are 4 participants answered strongly
and its verbal interpretation is agree. And the last
is statement number 15, there are 10 participants who
is agree. The grand weighted mean is 2.35 and its
verbal interpretation is disagree.

Table 7
Responses of Female to the Researcher-Made
Questionnaire
Item
Strongly
Disagree
Disagree
Agree
Strongly
Agree
Weighted
Mean
Verbal
Interpretation
1 2 3 4
1. I spend my
allowance every
day.
9 17 11 3 2.2 Disagree
2. I spend my
allowance when I’m
craving for
something.
4 4 17 15 3.08 Agree
to buy the things
that I want.
3 4 19 14 3.1 Agree
4. I spend my money
whenever there is a
sale.
6 7 21 6 2.68 Agree
see interesting.
12 15 10 3 2.1 Disagree
6. I buy a lot of
stuff when there is
money.
7 12 13 8 2.55 Agree
appliances even
when not needed.
13 11 10 6 2.23 Disagree
8. I request money
from my parents to
buy personal needs.
4 8 19 9 2.83 Agree
9. I always spend
money whenever I go
to the mall.
8 11 11 10 2.58 Agree
10. I spend money
on other people.
3 6 21 10 2.95 Agree
11. I borrow some
money to buy stuff.
20 15 5 0 1.63 Strongly
Disagree

12. I spend more
money when I am
with my friends to
have a good time.
4 7 15 14 2.98 Agree
13. I
automatically spend
my extra money to
buy clothes.
8 8 18 6 2.55 Agree
14. I spend my
money when I buy
presents
1 3 22 14 3.23 Agree
15. I spend money
when I am with my
family.
10 15 11 4 2.23 Disagree
Grand Weighted Mean 2.59 Agree
Table 7 shows the result of the female responses
in researcher-made questionnaire. In statement number

number 5, there are 12 participants who answered
strongly disagree, 15 answered disagree, 10 answered
mean is 2.1, and its verbal interpretation is

verbal interpretation is agree. In statement number
10, there are 3 participants who answered strongly
number 11, there are 20 participants who answered
agree, and there is no participant who answered
verbal interpretation is strongly disagree. In
14, there is 1 participant who answered strongly

and its verbal interpretation is agree. The last one is
is disagree. The grand weighted mean is 2.59 and its
verbal interpretation is agree.
Table 8
Responses of Senior High School to the Researcher-Made
Questionnaire
Item
Strongly
Disagree
Disagree
Agree
Strongly
Agree
Weighted
Mean
Verbal
Interpretation
1 2 3 4
1. I spend my
allowance every
day.
8 15 10 2 2.17 Disagree
2. I spend my
5 4 14 12 2.94 Agree

craving for
something.
to buy the things
that I want.
2 5 14 14 3.14 Agree
4. I spend my money
whenever there is a
sale.
3 7 19 6 2.8 Agree
see interesting.
8 16 10 1 2.11 Disagree
6. I buy a lot of
stuff when there is
money.
6 11 12 6 2.51 Agree
appliances even
when not needed.
9 14 10 2 2.14 Disagree
8. I request money
from my parents to
buy personal needs.
2 6 20 7 2.91 Agree
9. I always spend
money whenever I go
to the mall.
3 10 15 7 2.74 Agree
10. I spend money
on other people.
2 8 18 7 2.86 Agree
11. I borrow some
money to buy stuff.
11 13 10 1 2.03 Disagree
12. I spend more
money when I am
with my friends to
have a good time.
3 4 13 15 3.14 Agree
13. I
automatically spend
my extra money to
buy clothes
6 11 13 5 2.49 Disagree
14. I spend my
money when I buy
presents.
1 3 17 14 3.26 Strongly
Agree
15. I spend money
when I am with my
family.
11 12 5 7 2.23 Disagree
Grand Weighted Mean 2.63 Agree
Table 8 shows the overall Level of Spending
Habits of those who belong to Senior High School. In

statement number 1, 8 participants answered strongly
2 answered strongly agree. The weighted mean in
question number 1 is 2.17, and its verbal
12 answered strongly agree. The weighted mean in
question number 2 is 2.94, and its verbal
are 2 participants answered strongly disagree, 5
there are 3 participants answered strongly disagree, 7
there are 8 participants answered strongly disagree,
16 answered disagree, 10 answered agree, and 1
answered strongly agree. The weighted mean is 2.11,
statement number 6, there are 6 participants answered

In statement number 7, there are 9 participants
is disagree. In statement number 8, there are 2
are 3 participants answered strongly disagree, 10
number 11, there are 11 participants answered strongly

statement number 12, there are 3 participants answered
In statement number 13, there are 6 participants
is disagree. In statement number 14, there are 1
participant answered strongly disagree, 3 answered
agree. The weighted mean is 3.26, and it has a verbal
interpretation. In statement number 15, there are 11
interpretation is disagree. The grand weighted mean is
2.63 with a verbal interpretation of agree.
Problem No. 3: What is the level of Spending
Habits of those who belong to College?

Table 9
Responses of College to the Researcher-Made
Questionnaire
Item
Strongly
Disagree
Disagree
Agree
Strongly
Agree
Weighted
Mean
Verbal
Interpretation
1 2 3 4
1. I spend my
allowance every
day.
9 14 7 5 2.23 Disagree
2. I spend my
craving for
something.
5 5 16 9 2.83 Agree
to buy the things
that I want.
5 5 14 11 2.89 Agree
4. I spend my money
whenever there is a
sale.
7 16 11 1 2.17 Disagree
see interesting.
11 14 6 4 2.09 Disagree
6. I buy a lot of
stuff when there is
money.
9 11 10 5 2.31 Disagree
appliances even
when not needed.
19 7 5 4 1.83 Disagree
8. I request money
from my parents to
buy personal needs.
11 8 8 8 2.37 Disagree
9. I always spend
money whenever I go
to the mall.
15 8 5 7 2.11 Disagree
10. I spend money
on other people.
5 8 15 7 2.69 Agree
11. I borrow some
money to buy stuff.
25 7 3 0 1.37 Strongly
Disagree
12. I spend more
money when I am
5 13 9 8 2.57 Agree

with my friends to
have a good time.
13. I
automatically spend
my extra money to
buy clothes
14 4 11 6 2.26 Disagree
14. I spend my
money when I buy
presents.
4 5 19 7 2.83 Agree
15. I spend money
when I am with my
family.
9 4 12 10 2.66 Agree
Grand Weighted Mean 2.35 Disagree
Table 9 shows the overall Level of Spending
Habits of those who belong to College. There are four
choices that indicates (Strongly Disagree, Disagree,
Agree, and Strongly Agree). In statement number (1)
one “I spend my allowance every day,” 9 out of 35
College Students answered Strongly Disagree, 14
students answered Disagree, 7 students answered Agree,
and 5 students answered Strongly Agree. It has 2.23
Weighted Mean, and its Verbal Interpretation is
Disagree. In statement number (2) two, “I spend my
allowance when I’m craving for something,” 5 out of 35
students answered Disagree, 16 students answered
Agree, and 9 students answered Strongly Agree. It has
2.83 Weighted Mean, and its verbal Interpretation is

Agree. In statement number (3) three, “I spend my
savings to buy the things that I want,” 5 out 35
2.89 Weighted Mean, and its Verbal Interpretation is
Agree. In statement number (4) four, “I spend my money
whenever there is a sale,” 7 out of 35 College
Students answered Strongly Disagree, 16 students
answered Disagree, 11 students answered Agree, and 1
student answered Strongly Agree. It has 2.17 Weighted
Mean, and its Verbal Interpretation is Disagree. In
statement number (5) five “I buy everything I see
interesting”, 11 out of 35 College Students answered
Strongly Disagree, 14 students answered Disagree, 6
students answered Agree, and 4 students answered
Strongly Agree. Its Weighted Mean is 2.9 and its
Verbal Interpretation is Disagree. In statement Number
(6) six, “I buy a lot of stuff when there is money,” 9
out of 35 College Students answered Strongly Disagree,
11 students answered Disagree, 10 students answered
2.31 weighted Mean, and its Verbal Interpretation is

Disagree. In statement number (7) seven, “I purchase
school appliances even when not needed,” 19 out of 35
Disagree. In statement number (8) eight, “I request
money from my parents to buy personal needs,” 11 out
of 35 College Students answered Strongly Disagree, 8
Disagree. In statement number (9) nine, “I always
spend money whenever I go to the mall,” 15 out of 35
and 7 students answered Strongly Agree. It has 2. 11
Weighted Mean and its Verbal Interpretation is
Disagree. In statement number (10) ten, “I spend money
on other people,” 5 out of 35 College Students
answered Strongly Disagree, 8 students answered
Disagree, 15 students answered Agree, and 7 students
answered Strongly Agree. It has 2.69 Weighted Mean,

and its’ Verbal Interpretation is Agree. In statement
number (11) eleven, “I borrow some money to buy
stuff,” 25 out of 35 College students answered
students answered Agree, and 0 student answered
Strongly Agree. It has 1.37 Weighted Mean, and its
Verbal Interpretation is Strongly Agree. In statement
number (12) twelve, “I spend more money when I am with
my friends to have a good time,” 5 out of 35 College
answered Disagree, 9 students answered Agree, 8
students answered Strongly Agree. It has 2.57 Weighted
Mean, and its Verbal Interpretation is Agree. In
statement number (13) thirteen, “I automatically spend
my extra money to buy clothes,” 14 out of 35 College
students answered Strongly Disagree. It has 2.26
Disagree. In statement number (14) fourteen, “I spend
my money when I buy presents,” 4 out 0f 35 College

Mean, and its Verbal Interpretation is Agree. Lastly,
in statement number (15) fifteen, “I spend money when
I am with my family,” 9 out of 35 College Students
and its Verbal Interpretation is Agree. For the Grand
Weighted Mean, it has 2.35 and its Verbal
Interpretation is Disagree.
Problem No. 4: Is there a significant
difference in the Spending Habits of those
belonging to Senior High School and those
belonging to College?

Table 10
Combined Responses of Senior High School and College
Students to the Researcher-Made Questionnaire
Item
Strongly
Disagree
Disagree
Agree
Strongly
Agree
Weighte
d Mean
Verbal
Interpretation
1 2 3 4
1. I spend my
allowance every
day.
17 29 17 7 2.2 Disagre
e
2. I spend my
allowance when
I’m craving for
something.
10 9 30 21 2.89 Agree
3. I spend my
savings to buy
the things that
I want.
7 10 28 25 3.01 Agree
4. I spend my
money whenever
there is a
sale.
10 23 30 7 2.49 Disagre
e
5. I buy
everything I
see
interesting.
19 30 16 5 2.1 Disagre
e
6. I buy a lot of
stuff when
there is money.
15 22 22 11 2.41 Disagre
e
7. I purchase
school
appliances even
when not
needed.
28 21 15 6 1.99 Disagre
e

8. I request money
from my parents
to buy personal
needs.
13 14 28 15 2.64 Agree
9. I always spend
money whenever
I go to the
mall.
18 18 20 14 2.43 Disagre
e
10. I spend
money on other
people.
7 16 33 14 2.77 Agree
11. I borrow
some money to
buy stuff.
36 20 13 1 1.7 Strongl
y
Disagre
e
12. I spend
more money when
I am with my
friends to have
a good time.
8 17 22 23 2.86 Agree
13. I
automatically
spend my extra
money to buy
clothes
20 15 24 11 2.37 Disagre
e
14. I spend my
money when I
buy presents.
5 8 36 21 3.04 Agree
15. I spend
money when I am
with my family.
20 16 17 17 2.44 Disagre
e
Grand Weighted Mean 2.49 Disagre
e
Table 10 shows the Combined Responses of Senior
High School and College Students to the Researcher-
Made Questionnaire. There are four choices that
indicates (Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Agree, and
Strongly Agree). In statement number (1) one “I spend

my allowance every day,” 17 out of 70 College and
Senior High School students answered Strongly
Disagree, 29 students answered Disagree, 17 students
answered Agree, and 7 students answered Strongly
Agree. It has 2.2 Weighted Mean, and its Verbal
Interpretation is Disagree. In statement number (2)
two, “I spend my allowance when I’m craving for
something,” 10 out of 70 College and Senior High
School Students answered Strongly Disagree, 23
Agree. In statement number (3) three, “I spend my
savings to buy the things that I want,” 7 out of 70
College and Senior High School Students answered
students answered Agree, and 25 students answered
Strongly Disagree. It has 3.01 Weighted Mean, and its
Verbal Interpretation is Agree In statement number (4)
four, “I spend my money whenever there is a sale,” 10
out 70 College and Senior High School Students

and its Verbal Interpretation is Disagree. In
statement number (5) five “I buy everything I see
interesting”, 19 out of 70 College and Senior High
Disagree. In statement Number (6) six, “I buy a lot of
stuff when there is money,” 15 out of 70 College and
Senior High School students answered Strongly
Interpretation is Disagree. In statement number (7)
seven, “I purchase school appliances even when not
needed,” 28 out of 70 College and Senior High School
Mean, and its Verbal Interpretation is Disagree. In
statement number (8) eight, “I request money from my
parents to buy personal needs,” 13 out of 70 College

and Senior High School Students answered Strongly
Interpretation is Agree. In statement number (9) nine,
“I always spend money whenever I go to the mall,” 18
out of 70 College and Senior High School Students
and its Verbal Interpretation is Disagree. In
statement number (10) ten, “I spend money on other
people,” 7 out of 70 College and Senior High School
Mean, and its Verbal Interpretation is Agree. In
statement number (11) eleven, “I borrow some money to
buy stuff,” 36 out of 70 College and Senior High
Agree, and 1 student answered Strongly Agree. It has
1.7 Weighted Mean, and its Verbal Interpretations is

Strongly Disagree. In statement number (12) twelve, “I
spend more money when I am with my friends to have a
good time,” 8 out of 70 College and Senior High School
Mean, and its Verbal Interpretations is Agree. In
statement number (13) thirteen, “I automatically spend
my extra money to buy clothes,” 20 out of 70 College
and Senior High School Students answered Strongly
Interpretations is Disagree. In statement number (14)
fourteen, “I spend my money when I buy presents,” 5
out of 70 College and Senior High School Students
and its Verbal Interpretations is Agree. Lastly, in
statement number (15) fifteen, “I spend money when I
am with my family,” 20 out of 70 College and Senior
High School Students answered Strongly Disagree, 16

2.44 Weighted Mean, and its Verbal Interpretations is
Disagree. For the Grand Weighted Mean, it has 2.49 and
its Verbal Interpretation is Disagree.
Table 11
Computation of T - value
(Variable A) Number of
Respondents
Grand Weighted
Mean
Standard
Deviation
Senior High
School
35 2.63 6.17
College 35 2.35 7.69
Computed T - value 2.57
T critical value at .05 level of significance 2.57 > 1.67
Decision: (Accept or Reject the Null Hypothesis) - The Null
Hypothesis is rejected, there is significant difference between
Senior High School and College students
As shown in Table 11 — Computation of T – value
for Senior High School and College Students — it shows
that Senior High School and College Students have both
(35) thirty-five number respondents, which means that
they are equal to respondents. Senior High School
Students got the highest number of Grand Weighted Mean
which is 2.63, while College Students got the lowest
number of Grand Weighted mean which is 2.35. In
Standard Deviation, College Students got the highest

number which is 7.69, on the other hand, Senior High
School Students got the lowest number which is 6.17.
The Computed T – value is 2.57. For the T critical
value at a .05 level of significance, the calculated T
value exceeds the Critical Value (2.5723 > 1.667), so
the means are significantly different. Overall, the
Null Hypothesis is rejected and there is a significant
difference between the spending habits of the Senior
High School and College students during the pandemic.
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter presents the summary of the
findings, conclusions, and recommendations based from
the results of the study.
Summary of Findings
The purpose of this descriptive comparative study
was to ascertain the possible significant difference

between the Senior High School and College students in
terms of Spending Habits during the Pandemic.
Among the important findings of this research
were:
1. Profile of the respondents
After conducting the survey, most of the
respondents are 18 years old with a total of 23 out of
70 participants and its percentage is 32.9%. The
lowest number is 1 with the age of 23 and 26 years
old, and its percentage is 1.4%. In overall sex
distribution of Senior High School and College
students, there are more female than male with 40
respondents with a percentage of 57.1% while the male
has 30 respondents, which has a percentage of 42.9%.
Most of the respondents are from Marikina City with a
total of 43 participants with a percentage of 61.5%.
The least of the respondents are from Batangas City,
Montalban Rizal, and Oriental Mindoro with 1 each
respondent with a percentage of 1.4%.

When it comes to employment status, most of the
respondents don’t have a stable income with a number
of 58 out of 70 respondents which have a percentage of
82.9%, while 12 of them have a stable income with a
percentage of 17.1%. The overall distribution of
respondents has 35 Senior High School participants and
35 College participants with an average of 50% each.
The responses of male and female respondents to the
researcher-made questionnaire shows that female
respondents are more likely to spend more money than
male respondents. The male has a 2.35 grand weighted
mean, it means they are on the level 2 in spending
habits while the female has a 2.59 grand weighted mean
that shows the level 3 in spending habits. It revealed
the level of spending habits of male and female
respondents of the study.
2. Level of Spending Habits of those who belong to
Senior High School
The highest respondents answered in the researcher-
made questionnaire is the statement number 14 “I spend
my money when I buy presents.” With 3.26 weighted

mean, the second to the highest are the statement
number 3 “I spend my savings to buy the things that I
want.” And number 12 “I spend more money when I am
with my friends to have a good time.” With 3.14
weighted mean. The lowest respondents answered is the
statement number 11 “I borrow some money to buy
stuff.” With 2.03 weighted mean. The grand weighted
mean of Senior high School respondents is 2.63 and its
verbal interpretation is agree that shows they are on
level 3 in spending habits.
3. Level of Spending Habits of those who belong to
College
The highest respondents answered in the researcher-
made questionnaire is the statement number 3 “I spend
my money when I buy presents.” With 2.89 weighted
mean, the second to the highest are the statement
number 2 “I spend my allowance when I’m craving for
something.” And question number 14 “I spend my savings
to buy the things that I want.” With 2.83 weighted
mean. The lowest respondents answered is the statement
number 11 “I borrow some money to buy stuff.” With

1.37 weighted mean. The grand weighted mean of College
student respondents is 2.35 and its verbal
interpretation is disagree that shows they are on
level 2 in spending habits.
4. Significant difference between Senior High School
and College Students in terms of Spending Habits
The highest respondents answered in combined
responses of Senior high School and college to the
researcher-made questionnaire is the statement number
14 “I spend my money when I buy presents.” With 3.04
weighted mean, the second to the highest are the
statement number 3 “I spend my savings to buy the
things that I want.” With 3.01 weighted mean. The
lowest respondents answered is the statement number 11
“I borrow some money to buy stuff.” With 1.7 weighted
mean. The grand weighted mean of the combined
responses of senior high school and college students
is 2.49, and its verbal interpretation is disagree
that shows they are on level 2 in spending habits.
In the computation of T-value, the senior high
school and college students have both 35 respondents.

The grand weighted mean of senior high school is 2.63,
while the grand weighted mean of college is 2.35. When
it comes to standard deviation, the senior high school
has 6.17 standard deviation, while the college has
7.69 standard deviation. The computed T-value is 2.57,
while the T critical value at .05 level of
significance is 1.67. The results shows that there is
a significant difference between senior high school
and college students in terms of spending habits
during the pandemic.
Conclusions
Based on the foregoing findings, the following
conclusions were drawn:
After conducting the study, the researchers
conclude that the level of spending habits of those
who belong to senior high school is level 3, they are
the one who are more likely to spend money with a 2.63
weighted mean, and its verbal interpretation is agree,
while college students are the wise, matured and
responsible one when it comes to spending money with

2.35 weighted mean, and its verbal interpretation is
disagree that means they are on the level 2 in
spending habits. Therefore, there is a significant
difference between the spending habits of senior high
school and college students during the pandemic.
Recommendations
In light of the conclusions drawn from the study,
the following are hereby recommended:
1. In view of the findings for problem number 2, the
researchers recommend that senior high school
students should be mindful of spending their money.
The highest weighted mean of the senior high school
respondents is when they spend their money on
buying presents. There are many ways to make a gift
to someone, not only buying gifts and expensive
things such as letters, one’s presence, DIY gifts,
and many more. In this kind of situation, saving

money is needed because there are people,
especially parents who are working hard outside
risking their lives every day even if it is
dangerous just for their families to have a better
life and a safe condition during this pandemic.
researchers recommend that being independent and
responsible for money is needed, especially in
college because the course chosen itself costs
thousands. Most college students are mature enough
already to be wise on spending their money, but
there are a lot of things needed especially on their
chosen course. Spending money on other unnecessary
things should be avoided, especially now that we are
in a pandemic situation. The researchers recommend
saving money, thus, the highest weighted mean of the
college respondents, same as the senior high school,
is when they spend their money on buying presents.
Buying presents is not necessary because there are
many ways of showing love and effort to someone.
They can understand why we are acting wisely when it

comes to money because earning money in this
situation can put one’s life in danger.
researchers recommend that saving money is the
wisest thing to do right. We, the researchers, know
the feeling when we buy something or when we spend
money, it can make us happy and excited, but we
should always consider the situation that we are in
when it comes to every money we spend. We should
spend money on important and necessary things to
reserve our earnings for emergencies and important
needs of the future.
4. Further research should be conducted on the
different factors that are involved as well as
other areas of interest related to this study.

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