Running head: YOUR TITLE GOES HERE 1 YOUR TITLE GOES HERE 2 Students: There are two things here: first is the sample format, with the questions you are to answer. Underneath it is a completed sample paper. Yours should look the sample paper. Your Course Project Title Goes Here The purpose of a proposal is to highlight standout ideas, and to do so in a manner that can convince an audience to support a project. Proposals delivered in a workplace are often part of a competitive process in which the strongest proposal is offered the business. In these contexts, effective word choice and professional delivery define the effective communication of an idea. Your research proposal will be presented as a sentence outline. As the name suggests, the sentence outline presents complete thoughts in complete sentences as opposed to phrases. In each section of the proposal, choose ideas with the goal of persuading your reader to believe that you are interested in the topic and ready to learn how to develop the topic into a project. Use a complete sentence to provide the response to each of the questions below. You can use first person. Use APA documentation for the final section of the proposal to document any sources referenced in your proposal. Remember to put at least two items at any given level of the outline, as shown in this template and the sample proposal. I. Introduction A. Topic 1. What is your research question? 2. What is your working thesis? (It answers your research question and defines the direction of your argument.) 3. What is your angle on the topic? (Your angle is your unique perspective or view on the issue.) B. Context 1. Justify for your reader why the topic is important. 2. Justify for your reader why you are the one to write about it. What do you bring to the topic? C. Audience 1. Who is your primary audience? (These are the readers who would be best affected by what you have to say. They can be readers of an existing publication.) 2. Who is your secondary audience? (Identify this audience as your professor and fellow students.) 3. Does your audience share your opinions and values? (Determine if the audience is on your side or if they may be skeptical.) II. Evidence A. What research have you gathered so far? (What have you found that supports your purpose and angle?) B. What research do you need to gather? (What other kinds of information will you need as support? What will you use to represent the opposing view?) III. Conclusion A. (What are you proposing to achieve with your project? What would you like approval on in order to proceed with the project?) IV. References (must be correctly formatted according to the APA Publication Manual). Here is the sample paper. Make yours look like this. Proposal for Standardized Tests I. Introduction A. Topic 1. Research question: Have standardized tests in the United States improved schools or demonstrated stronger student learning achievement? 2. Working th.

1. Running head: YOUR TITLE GOES HERE 1
YOUR TITLE GOES HERE 2
Students: There are two things here: first is the sample format,
with the questions you are to answer. Underneath it is a
completed sample paper. Yours should look the sample paper.
Your Course Project Title Goes Here
The purpose of a proposal is to highlight standout ideas, and to
do so in a manner that can convince an audience to support a
project. Proposals delivered in a workplace are often part of a
competitive process in which the strongest proposal is offered
the business. In these contexts, effective word choice and
professional delivery define the effective communication of an
idea. Your research proposal will be presented as a sentence
outline. As the name suggests, the sentence outline presents
complete thoughts in complete sentences as opposed to phrases.
In each section of the proposal, choose ideas with the goal of
persuading your reader to believe that you are interested in the
topic and ready to learn how to develop the topic into a project.
Use a complete sentence to provide the response to each of the
questions below. You can use first person. Use APA
documentation for the final section of the proposal to document
any sources referenced in your proposal. Remember to put at
least two items at any given level of the outline, as shown in
this template and the sample proposal.
I. Introduction
A. Topic
1. What is your research question?
2. What is your working thesis? (It answers your research
question and defines the direction of your argument.)
3. What is your angle on the topic? (Your angle is your unique

2. perspective or view on the issue.)
B. Context
1. Justify for your reader why the topic is important.
2. Justify for your reader why you are the one to write about it.
What do you bring to the topic?
C. Audience
1. Who is your primary audience? (These are the readers who
would be best affected by what you have to say. They can be
readers of an existing publication.)
2. Who is your secondary audience? (Identify this audience as
your professor and fellow students.)
3. Does your audience share your opinions and values?
(Determine if the audience is on your side or if they may be
skeptical.)
II. Evidence
A. What research have you gathered so far? (What have you
found that supports your purpose and angle?)
B. What research do you need to gather? (What other kinds of
information will you need as support? What will you use to
represent the opposing view?)
III. Conclusion
A. (What are you proposing to achieve with your project?
What would you like approval on in order to proceed with the
project?)
IV. References (must be correctly formatted according to the
APA Publication Manual).
Here is the sample paper. Make yours look like this.
Proposal for Standardized Tests
I. Introduction
A. Topic
1. Research question: Have standardized tests in the United
States improved schools or demonstrated stronger student
learning achievement?

3. 2. Working thesis: Standardized tests in the United States have
not improved schools and should be abolished and replaced with
end-of-year subject tests because they will save time and
money, lead to increased mastery of core subjects, and diminish
dropout rates.
3. Angle: Standardized testing has made the gap between
developed nations and the United States wider. Taxpayers and
employers are paying the price of poorly educated graduates. No
Child Left Behind has left nobody ahead, least of all our
country’s educational standing among other developed nations.
B. Context
1. Issues in education are in the news because budget cuts and
school closures are tied to student performance on standardized
tests.
2. Though I am a novice scholar, I am a parent and care deeply
about education. I will refer to the expertise of several sources
that will establish my credibility regarding standardized tests.
The ideas of Hillocks (2002), McNeil and Valenzuela (2001),
and Ravitch (2011), who are all experts on this topic, will help
to establish my credibility.
C. Audience
1. My primary audience will be educational stakeholders who
are teachers, parents, or administrators.
2. My secondary audience is my professor and fellow
classmates, some of whom may have experienced standardized
tests or have school-aged children and will relate to the topic.
3. My audience shares my opinions and values and will likely be
on my side.
II. Evidence
A. Research collected so far
I have found support for the recommendation to remove poorly
designed tests that don’t measure what they should. Federal
mandates such as No Child Left Behind have spurred their
growth and the reward-and-punishment system that serves

4. nobody well, least of all the people these tests were intended to
help: students.
B. Research to be collected
I will look for additional facts and statistics to demonstrate the
gap between other nations and the United States. I will also
look for experts who agree that there are implications for
taxpayers and employers to show that the issues of schools
affect the public at large. Finally, I will represent the opposing
viewpoint and others who have suggested alternatives to
standardized tests, including no testing at all. Yearly subject
tests are better than other alternate recommendations that have
been proposed, such as portfolios, because these tests would be
objective determinants of learning rather than subject artifacts
of courses.
III. Conclusion
A. I propose that end-of-year subject tests will be successful in
raising the standards and expectations of our students while
decentralizing control of students’ learning away from the
government and politicians and in the control of teachers who
know their students best. This solution is also better than
having no assessments whatsoever, as that is unrealistic and
does not prepare students for higher education or the workplace.
The benefits of yearly subject tests include the time and money
that will be saved by switching to end-of year subject tests; the
collective energy of stakeholders in education—students,
parents, teachers, administrators, and the public—will also be
put to better use. I will develop my project to support these
claims with research.
IV. References
Hillocks, G. (2002). The testing trap. New York, NY: Teachers
College Press.
McNeil, L., & Valenzuela, A. (2001). The harmful impact of the
TAAS system of testing in Texas. In G. Ornfield & M.

5. Kornhaber (Eds.), Raising standards or raising barriers? (pp.
127–150). New York, NY: Century Foundation.
Running head: CHILDHOOD OBESITY
1
TOPIC SELECTION: CHILDHOOD OBESITY
3
Childhood Obesity
Eka Ikpe
DeVry University, ENGL 147
Week One
03/06/2015
Topic Selection: Childhood Obesity
Childhood obesity dominates the list of public health
problems that affect different families across the nation. It is a
serious problem linked to emotional and the physical health and
wellbeing of children. All of a sudden, the questions of size and
weight have become a concern across the ages. This was never a
concern before as it is now since people grew up, ate, slept and
went about their activities without questions of the weight or
size of someone being a cause of concern. In this day and age
however, the issues of size and weight are captured in an
epidemiological term called obesity. This has been a subject of
scholarly literature, social media discussions, and interviews

6. among other initiatives. Why would obesity that is portrayed as
an avoidable condition become an epidemic? It is a wonder why
obesity would become such a household term in an age of
technological advancement when there are better facilities and
equipment that could help in preventing it. It is on the basis of
this that this paper will delve in the subject of childhood
obesity to explore its various causes in order to determine if
this is a problem that can have effective preventive measures.
The rationale for the choice of this topic is mainly based
on my personal experience with obese children. I have
interacted with children suffering from this condition in my
family and in friends’ families. Additionally, obesity has
become a serious health concern that has necessitated public
health campaigns in different areas. I, therefore, find it
imperative to research the topic so as to contribute to the
campaign and confirm various facts associated with the
condition.
Questions to be investigated
· These are some of the questions that will guide this study
· How does lifestyle contribute to childhood obesity?
· What is the role of parents in fighting childhood obesity?
· What are the causes of childhood obesity among children?
· What are the effects of childhood obesity on children?
· What can the society do to eliminate the problem?
The importance of the topic to me
As a person interested in health care matters, childhood
obesity a research topic will widen my understanding on its
causes and how it can be prevented. At personal level, I have
friends and relatives who have children that suffer from the
problem. The research will enable me to understand the factors
that are responsible for health conditions of these people.
A brief Summary of the Current View
In terms of causes of obesity, Ludwig, Peterson and
Gortmaker (2001) solely link the consumption of sugary
products with to the increasing obesity prevalence. The authors
assert that consumption of foods that are rich in sugar and

7. calories are is responsible for overweight among children. This
approach tends be narrower in scope as compared to the stance
taken by Daniels (2007), who highlights a wide range of factors
that are responsible for the occurrence of the condition. The
researcher cites sedentary lifestyle, poor food habits, and lack
of physical exercise as some of the key causes of the problem.
The Target Audience
My target audience will be parents, children, teachers,
caregivers, and researchers concerned with the issues affecting
children. Researchers ???may not have problem to read and
accept the message being passed across in the research.
However, it will be important for me to support my research
with valid references and data to win the opinion of the
researchers. I don’t think you mean researchers hereThis
category of the audience does not easily qualify believe? an
opinion unless it is backed by substantial evidence. When
dealing with parents and children I will present the information
in a way that intrigues their interests in the subject. For
instance, it is important to highlight the health problems
associated with obesity when dealing the audience.
Issue to write about
While various researchers in the field tend to generalize
the research topic, I will specifically focus on the role of
parents in fighting obesity. This is an area that has not been
exhaustively researched. Parents play a cardinal role in
controlling the problem since they determine the lifestyle,
upbringing, food practices, and behaviors of the children. The
topic will also help in understanding the route course of
childhood obesity.
Reference
Daniels, S. R. (2007). Causes of childhood obesity. The Journal
of Pediatrics,150(6), A1. Retrieved from
<http://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476(07)00388-5/pdf>
Ludwig, D. S., Peterson, K. E., & Gortmaker, S. L. (2001).
Relation between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and
childhood obesity: a prospective, observational analysis. The

8. Lancet, 357(9255), 505-508. Retrieved from <
file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Steveagencies/M
y%20Documents/Downloads/ wiss_the_lancet_sugar-
sweetened-drinks_childhood-obesity.pdf
Narrow Topic/Focus:
five questions, narrowed topic (10 pts.) 10
Topic's Importance:
connection, motivation (5 pts.) 5
Points of View
summarized two perspectives; APA format (10 pts.) 8
Audience: identified
motivations and influences (10 pts.) 10
Angle: question about
topic, thesis statement (10 pts.) 10
Grammar/mechanics (5 pts.) 2 45/50 Good answers. Just a
few little mechanical things.
Running head: CHILDHOOD OBESITY
1
TOPIC SELECTION: CHILDHOOD OBESITY
3
Childhood Obesity
Eka Ikpe
DeVry University, ENGL 147

9. Week One
03/06/2015
Topic Selection: Childhood Obesity
Childhood obesity dominates the list of public health
problems that affect different families across the nation. It is a
serious problem linked to emotional and the physical health and
wellbeing of children. All of a sudden, the questions of size and
weight have become a concern across the ages. This was never a
concern before as it is now since people grew up, ate, slept and
went about their activities without questions of the weight or
size of someone being a cause of concern. In this day and age
however, the issues of size and weight are captured in an
epidemiological term called obesity. This has been a subject of
scholarly literature, social media discussions, and interviews
among other initiatives. Why would obesity that is portrayed as
an avoidable condition become an epidemic? It is a wonder why
obesity would become such a household term in an age of
technological advancement when there are better facilities and
equipment that could help in preventing it. It is on the basis of
this that this paper will delve in the subject of childhood
obesity to explore its various causes in order to determine if
this is a problem that can have effective preventive measures.
The rationale for the choice of this topic is mainly based
on my personal experience with obese children. I have
interacted with children suffering from this condition in my
family and in friends’ families. Additionally, obesity has
become a serious health concern that has necessitated public
health campaigns in different areas. I, therefore, find it
imperative to research the topic so as to contribute to the
campaign and confirm various facts associated with the
condition.
Questions to be investigated
· These are some of the questions that will guide this study
· How does lifestyle contribute to childhood obesity?

10. · What is the role of parents in fighting childhood obesity?
· What are the causes of childhood obesity among children?
· What are the effects of childhood obesity on children?
· What can the society do to eliminate the problem?
The importance of the topic to me
As a person interested in health care matters, childhood
obesity a research topic will widen my understanding on its
causes and how it can be prevented. At personal level, I have
friends and relatives who have children that suffer from the
problem. The research will enable me to understand the factors
that are responsible for health conditions of these people.
A brief Summary of the Current View
In terms of causes of obesity, Ludwig, Peterson and
Gortmaker (2001) solely link the consumption of sugary
products with to the increasing obesity prevalence. The authors
assert that consumption of foods that are rich in sugar and
calories are is responsible for overweight among children. This
approach tends be narrower in scope as compared to the stance
taken by Daniels (2007), who highlights a wide range of factors
that are responsible for the occurrence of the condition. The
researcher cites sedentary lifestyle, poor food habits, and lack
of physical exercise as some of the key causes of the problem.
The Target Audience
My target audience will be parents, children, teachers,
caregivers, and researchers concerned with the issues affecting
children. Researchers ???may not have problem to read and
accept the message being passed across in the research.
However, it will be important for me to support my research
with valid references and data to win the opinion of the
researchers. I don’t think you mean researchers hereThis
category of the audience does not easily qualify believe? an
opinion unless it is backed by substantial evidence. When
dealing with parents and children I will present the information
in a way that intrigues their interests in the subject. For
instance, it is important to highlight the health problems
associated with obesity when dealing the audience.

11. Issue to write about
While various researchers in the field tend to generalize
the research topic, I will specifically focus on the role of
parents in fighting obesity. This is an area that has not been
exhaustively researched. Parents play a cardinal role in
controlling the problem since they determine the lifestyle,
upbringing, food practices, and behaviors of the children. The
topic will also help in understanding the route course of
childhood obesity.
Reference
Daniels, S. R. (2007). Causes of childhood obesity. The Journal
of Pediatrics,150(6), A1. Retrieved from
<http://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476(07)00388-5/pdf>
Ludwig, D. S., Peterson, K. E., & Gortmaker, S. L. (2001).
Relation between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and
childhood obesity: a prospective, observational analysis. The
Lancet, 357(9255), 505-508. Retrieved from <
file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Steveagencies/M
y%20Documents/Downloads/ wiss_the_lancet_sugar-
sweetened-drinks_childhood-obesity.pdf
Narrow Topic/Focus:
five questions, narrowed topic (10 pts.) 10
Topic's Importance:
connection, motivation (5 pts.) 5
Points of View
summarized two perspectives; APA format (10 pts.) 8
Audience: identified
motivations and influences (10 pts.) 10
Angle: question about
topic, thesis statement (10 pts.) 10
Grammar/mechanics (5 pts.) 2 45/50 Good answers. Just a
few little mechanical things.