2. •DEMOGRAPHY IS THE BRANCH OF
SOCIAL SCIENCES CONCERNED WITH
THE STUDY OF HUMAN POPULATION.
3. THE COMPONENTS OF POPULATION CHANGE:
1. THE ROLE OF BIRTH
2. DEATHS
3. MIGRATION IN POPULATION
4. •DEMOGRAPHY TRANSITION IS A SINGULAR
HISTORICAL PERIOD DURING WHICH
MORTALITY AND FERTILITY RATES DECLINE
FROM HIGH TO LOW LEVELS IN A
PARTICULAR COUNTRY OR REGION.
5. EXAMPLES:
1. ONE-CHILD POLICY, OFFICIAL PROGRAM
INITIATED IN THE LATE 1970S AND EARLY ’80S BY
THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT OF CHINA.THE POLICY
WAS ENACTED TO ADDRESS THE GROWTH RATE OF
THE COUNTRY'S POPULATION, WHICH THE
GOVERNMENT VIEWED AS BEING TO RAPID.
6. 2. THE CURRENT POPULATION OF JAPAN IN 2020 IS
126,476,461, A 0.3% DECLINE FROM 2019. THE
POPULATION OF JAPAN IN 2019 WAS 126,860,301,
A 0.27% DECLINE FROM 2018. THE POPULATION OF
JAPAN IN 2018 WAS 127,202,192, A 0.24%
DECLINE FROM 2017. THE POPULATION OF JAPAN
IN 2017 WAS 127,502,725, A 0.2% DECLINE FROM
2016.
8. DURING THIS STAGE, THE BIRTH RATES REMAIN
HIGH BUT THE DEATH RATES DROP, CAUSING THE
OVERALL POPULATION TO INCREASE. ... THE
THEORY OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION PREDICTS
HOW A POPULATION WILL CHANGE OVER TIME IN
REGARDS TO THE MORTALITY AND FERTILITY
RATES AS WELL AS AGE COMPOSITION AND LIFE
EXPECTANCY.