Meteorologists use various instruments to measure weather conditions and make predictions. Thermometers measure air temperature, barometers measure air pressure, anemometers measure wind speed and direction, hygrometers measure temperature and humidity, rain gauges measure precipitation, wind vanes measure wind direction, and Campbell Stokes recorders measure sunshine. Weather charts are created using data from these instruments to analyze current conditions and forecast future weather.
2. LEARNING COMPETENCY
• Use weather instruments and describe the different weather components in
a weather chart
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Knowledge - Describe the different weather components of a weather chart
• Skills - Use weather instruments to measure the different weather components
• Attitude – Show appreciation on the importance of weather instruments
3. DEFINITION OF TERMS
• Meteorologist - is a scientist who studies and works in the field
of meteorology aiming to understand or predict Earth's
atmospheric phenomena including the weather.
• Weather - is the state of the atmosphere, describing for example
the degree to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy,
clear or cloudy.
• Climate - is the long-term weather pattern in an area, typically
averaged over 30 year.
4.
5. FACTORS THAT AFFECT
WEATHER
• Air Temperature
• Air pressure
• Humidity
• Kind of Cloud Cover
• Amount of Precipitation
• Wind speed
• Wind direction
6. FACTORS THAT AFFECT
WEATHER
• Air Temperature - degree of hotness or coldness measured on a
definite scale.
• Air pressure - is the weight of air molecules pressing down on
the Earth. The pressure of the air molecules changes as you
move upward from sea level into the atmosphere. The highest
pressure is at sea level where the density of the air molecules is
the greatest.
• Humidity - is the concentration of water vapor present in the
air.
9. • Meteorologist use different instruments to measure
weather condition. These instruments and
measurements allow meteorologist to make
predictions on weather conditions in the near future.
The following are the common instruments in
studying weather.
10. THERMOMETERS
• Thermometers- measure the high
and low outdoor temperatures in
degrees Fahrenheit and degrees
Celsius. Most thermometers are
closed glass tubes containing liquids
such as alcohol or mercury. When air
around the tube heats the liquid, the
liquid expands and moves up the
tube. A scale then shows what the
actual temperature is.
11. BAROMETER
• Barometer- measures air
pressure. It tells you whether or
not the pressure is rising or
falling. A rising barometer
means sunny and dry
conditions, while a falling
barometer means stormy and
wet conditions.
12. ANEMOMETER
• Anemometer- measures the
direction and speed of the wind in
miles per hour. A common type of
anemometer has three cups fixed
to a mobile shaft. As the wind
blows faster, the cups spin around
faster. The actual speed of the
wind shows up on a dial.
13. HYGROMETER
• Hygrometer- measures
temperature and humidity using
degrees Celsius and degrees
Fahrenheit.
• Humidity is the concentration of
water vapor present in the air.
Water vapor, the gaseous state of
water, is generally invisible to the
human eye. Humidity indicates the
likelihood for precipitation, dew, or
fog to be present.
14. RAIN GAUGE
• Rain Gauge- measures the
amount of rain that has
fallen over a specific time
and period.
15. WIND VANE
• Wind Vane- measures the
direction of the wind at any
given point in time. A weighted
arrow spins around a fixed shaft
points north, south, east, or
west, typically marked on
separate fixed shafts parallel
the arrow
16. CAMPBELL STOKES
RECORDER
• Campbell Stokes Recorder- measures
sunshine. Sunlight shines into one side
of a glass ball and leaves through the
opposite side in a concentrated ray.
This ray of light burns a mark onto a
thick piece of card. The range of the
burn mark indicates how many hours
the sun shone during that day.
17. WEATHER CHARTS
• Weather charts are the fundamental basis for
weather analysis and forecasts. They are based on
the data collected by weather stations on the ground
and on the data recorded at high altitudes by probes
and satellites. Most modern instruments are able to
guarantee a continuous recording of atmospheric
data, but the weather charts are created using the
data recorded at preset conventional timings, so that
they may be comparable with one another in
different locations around the world
18. WEATHER FORECAST
• Palawan will be experiencing cloudy skies with scattered
rain showers and thunderstorms. Wind will be blowing
from southwest to west at light to moderate windspeed.
Chance of rain at 90- 95% with possible flash floods or
landslides due to moderate to heavy rains at 4-8mm.
Temperatures will be between 25.2 °C - 32.9 °C. Relative
humidity is measured at 62% - 88%.
19. DIRECTION: WRITE TRUE IF THE STATEMENT
IS CORRECT AND FALSE IT IS WRONG.
_________1. If the arrowhead of the wind vane faces the south direction,
the wind is blowing North.
_________2. Temperature is at its highest at noon time.
_________3. A thermometer is used to measure air temperature.
_________4. Temperature is the hotness and coldness of air.
_________5. Temperature is high during rainy days.
