what is nanotechnology and its application

1. PRESENTED BY SYED MOIN
NANOTECHNOLOGY
NANOTECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY SYED MOIN

2. WHAT IS NANO?
NANO is a GREEK word meaningEXTREMELY SMALL.
Nanotechnology deals with sizes from 1-100nm range
A nanometer is very very small its 10-9 m

3. https://www2.slideshare.net/HarkiratBedi1/the-scope-of-nanotechnology

4. Scientists have discovered the oldest known human-made nanomaterials in the
"unique black coatings" of ancient pottery shards -- dated to 600 BC --
unearthed from an archeological site in Keeladi, Tamil Nadu.
https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/scientists-discover-oldest-known-human-made-nanostructures-in-ancient-artifacts-in-tamil-
nadu/article33149622.ece

5. Research reveals that these coatings are made of carbon
nanotubes (CNTs) which have enabled the layer to last more
than 2,600 years
https://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/oldest-known-human-made-nanostructures-in-ancient-artifacts-discovered-in-tamil-nadu-528042.html

6. • To visualise this particles special tools,
scanning probe microscopes are used.
https://ninithi.wordpress.com/electron-microscopy-in-nanotechnology/

7. HOW NANO PARTICLES ARE MADEHOW NANO PARTICLES ARE MADE
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Bottom-up-and-the-top-down-approaches-in-synthesis-of-carbon-based-nanomaterials_fig1_270583669

8. Why are nanoscale particles so
much famous?
At nanoscale, many common materials exhibit unusual properties
such a remarkably lower resistance to electricity, lower melting
point or faster chemical reaction.
Nano material's include,
Clusters of atoms, grains that are less than 100 nm in size,
Fibers that are less than 100 nm in diameter,
Films that are less 100 nm in thickness,
Nano-holes and Composites that are a combination of these.

9. For example;1. Gold is usually shiny and
yellow whereas gold particles are 25nm in
size, appears red.
P. N. Njoki, S. I-Im Lim, D. Mott, H.-Y. Park, B. Khan, S. Mishra, R. Sujakumar, J.
Luo, C. J. Zhong, "Size Correlation of Optical and Spectroscopic Properties for
Gold Nanoparticles", J. Phys. Chem., C, 2007, 111, 14664-14669.

10. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Various-applications-of-
nanotechnology_fig1_273217334

11. Surgery
With nanotechnology, minute surgical
instruments and robots can be made which can
be used to perform microsurgeries on any part
of the body.
Instead of damaging a large amount of the
body, these instruments would be precise and
accurate, targeting only the area where surgery
should be done.
Visualization of surgery can also be improved.
Instead of a surgeon holding the instrument,
computers can be used to control the nanosized surgical
instruments.“Nanocameras” can provide close up visualization of
the surgery
Less chance of any mistakes or faults
Surgery could also be done on tissue, genetic and cellular
levels.

12. Properties of Carbon Nanotubes
1. Carbon nanotubes are very strong.
2. Their tensile strength is 100 times greater than that of steel
of the same diameter.
3. Young’s modulus is about 5 times higher than for steel.
4. They have high thermal conductivity-more than 10 times
that of silver.
5. They conduct electricity better than metals.
6. Electron travelling through a carbon nanotube behaves like
wave travelling
through a smooth channel. This movement of electrons within
a nanotube is called “ballistic transport”.
7. They are light weight, density about one fourth of steel.
8. They are sticky due to Van der Waal’s force of attraction.
Applications of Carbon Nanotubes
1. They are strengtheners of composite materials.
2. They act as molecular size test tubes or capsules for drug
delivery
3. Depending on their size, they act as electrical conductors
or semiconductors.
4. They are used as tips for analysis of DNA and proteins by
atomic force microscopy.
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Conceptual-diagram-of-
single-walled-carbon-nanotube-SWCNT-a-and-multiwalled-
carbon_fig1_277693940

13. https://www.understandingnano.com/nanoshells-cancer-therapy.html https://asunow.asu.edu/20180212-discoveries-cancer-fighting-nanorobots-seek-and-destroy-tumors

14. https://affairscloud.com/nasa-to-launch-nano-satellite-india-sat-developed-by-3-tamil-nadu-students-into-sub-orbit/
• kalamsat --worlds smallest satellite made by
18yrs old tamilnadu student.it weight is 64grm.

15. MERITS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
* It is an enabling technology which has its impacts on
electronics and computing, materials and manufacturing, etc.
* Large scale production of materials
* Great job opportunities
* Effective and cheap production of energy
* Water conservation
* Reduced pollution

16. Demerits of nanotechnology:
* Nanoparticles have the possibility of breaking into blood-brain
barrier - a membrane to protect brain from harmful chemicals in
blood stream
* Creation of powerful weapons - lethal & non-lethal
* Nano-divide [technological and economical differences between
rich and poor]
* Loss of traditional methods
* Increase in aristocracies and reduce democracies
* Brain drain and trade barriers
* Black market in nanotech

17. REFERENCE
https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/scientists-discover-oldest-
known-human-made-nanostructures-in-ancient-artifacts-in-tamil-
nadu/article33149622.ece
https://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/oldest-known-human-made-
nanostructures-in-ancient-artifacts-discovered-in-tamil-nadu-
528042.html
https://www.azonano.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=1134#:~:text=Nanot
echnology%20is%20a%20field%20of,%2C%20on%20average%2C
%2080%2C000%20nanometres.

18. THANK
YOU