LESSON 5- SUMMARIZING.pptx

LET’S REVIEW!
Direction: Answer the following questions.
1. What are the different text structures used in
an Academic Text?
2. What are the distinct characteristics of each
text structure?

LET’S TRY!
Direction: Check the box of the statements that describe proper
summarization.
 Use own words to write the summary.
 Include trivial details in the summary.
 A summary should be a word or two.
 One’s summary may contain one’s opinion of
the text.
 Cover main points and key ideas.

LET’S TRY!
Direction: Check the box of the statements that describe proper
summarization.
 Erase repetitive ideas.
 Use specific names instead of general terms.
 A summary should be a paragraph long.
 Examples should be written in a summary.
 Vagueness is acceptable in a summary.

SUMMARIZING
Definition, Purpose, Rules and Techniques in Summarizing an Academic Text

DEFINITION
 Buckley (2004), in her popular writing text Fit to
Print, defines summarizing as reducing text to one-
third or one-quarter its original size, clearly
articulating the author’s meaning, and retaining main
ideas.
 Diane Hacker (2008), in A Canadian Writer’s
Reference, explains that summarizing involves stating
a work’s thesis and main ideas “simply, briefly, and
accurately” (p. 62).

PURPOSE
Summarizing is also essential skill
that is needed in the workplace and
in the community. In some cases,
writing a summary is an excellent
learning strategy that allows students
to monitor their own progress in
learning course material.

“The Northern Lights”
There are times when the night sky glows with bands of color. The
bands may begin as cloud shapes and then spread into a great arc across
the entire sky. They may fall in folds like a curtain drawn across the
heavens. The lights usually grow brighter, then suddenly dim. During this
time the sky glows with pale yellow, pink, green, violet, blue, and red.
These lights are called the Aurora Borealis. Some people call them the
Northern Lights. Scientists have been watching them for hundreds of
years. They are not quite sure what causes them. In ancient times
people were afraid of the Lights. They imagined that they saw fiery
dragons in the sky. Some even concluded that the heavens were on fire.

BASIC RULES
• Erase things that don’t matter. Delete
trivial material that is unnecessary to
understanding.

There are times when the night sky glows with bands of color. The bands may begin
as cloud shapes and then spread into a great arc across the entire sky. They may fall in
folds like a curtain drawn across the heavens. The lights usually grow brighter, then
suddenly dim. During this time the sky glows with pale yellow, pink, green, violet, blue,
and red. These lights are called the Aurora Borealis. Some people call them the
Northern Lights. Scientists have been watching them for hundreds of years. They are
not quite sure what causes them. In ancient times people were afraid of the Lights.
They imagined that they saw fiery dragons in the sky. Some even concluded that the
heavens were on fire.

BASIC RULES
• Only write down important points.
• If it is not something that will help you
understand or remember, then don’t write it
down.

There are times when the night sky glows with bands of color. The bands may begin as
cloud shapes and then spread into a great arc across the entire sky. They may fall in
folds like a curtain drawn across the heavens. The lights usually grow brighter, then
suddenly dim. During this time the sky glows with pale yellow, pink, green, violet, blue,
and red. These lights are called the Aurora Borealis. Some people call them the
Northern Lights. Scientists have been watching them for hundreds of years. They are
not quite sure what causes them. In ancient times people were afraid of the Lights.
They imagined that they saw fiery dragons in the sky. Some even concluded that the
heavens were on fire.

BASIC RULES
• Erase things that repeat.
• Delete redundant material.
• In note taking, time and space are precious.

BASIC RULES
• Trade, general terms for specific names.
Substitute superordinate terms for lists (e.g.,
flowers for daisies, tulips, roses). Focus on the
big picture. Long, technical lists are hard to
remember. If one word will give you the
meaning, then less is more.

BASIC RULES
Use your own words to write the
summary. Do not just copy the
sentences from the original text.
However, do not inject your opinion in
your summary.

The Aurora Borealis or Northern Lights makes the night
sky glow with bands of color such as: pale yellow, pink,
green, violet, blue, and red. The lights grow brighter and
dimmer that begin as cloud shapes and then spread into a
great arc across the entire sky.

1. Outlining
An outline is a map of
your essay. It shows what
information each section
or paragraph will contain
and in what order.

1. Outlining
I. Main Idea
A. Supporting Details
B. Supporting Details
II. Main Idea
A. Supporting Details
B. Supporting Details

“HEALTHY EATING”
It is important to enjoy the food you eat. And eating in a
healthier way may even be cheaper! Some traditional beliefs of
what makes up a healthy diet may be really good, such as
eating home-preserved vegetables, but other traditional beliefs
are disease-promoting, e.g eating large quantities of fatty
meat daily. Recent evidence has shown that eating too much
meat with animal fat is risky to our health. Only very small
amounts of lean meat are needed – and not every day. In fact,
the less meat and animal fat we eat the better!
I. Main Idea 1 :
A. Supporting Detail 1 :
B. Supporting Detail 2 :

I. Main Idea 1 : Fatty meat is dangerous to a person’s
health.
A. Supporting Detail 1 : Some traditional beliefs of
what makes up a healthy diet may be really good, such
as eating home-preserved vegetables, but other
traditional beliefs are disease-promoting, e.g eating
large quantities of fatty meat daily.
B. Supporting Detail 2 : Recent evidence has shown
that eating too much meat with animal fat is risky to
our health.

(paragraph 2)
Eating too much animal fat is a main cause of ill health. Our bodies
need very little but most of us eat too much. You may have heard of
SATURATED FATS. These are found mainly in the meat of cows, pigs and
sheep and in products which include their meat and fat, such as
sausages, meat pies and beef burgers. Eating too much saturated fat can
lead to coronary heart disease and being overweight. UNSATURATED
FATS, however, are found in oily fish, chicken, eggs, turkey, duck, beans
and lentils and foods made from these. Unsaturated fat may be better
for you, but TOO MUCH FAT of any type can increase your weight. It is
better to buy a small amount of lean meat rather than fatty meat or
solid fat. It is even better to EAT MORE FISH of all kinds.
II. Main Idea 2 :

Main Idea 2 : Ill health is caused by too much animal
fat.
A. Supporting Detail 1 : Eating too much saturated
fat can lead to coronary heart disease and being
overweight.
B. Supporting Detail 2 : Unsaturated fat may be
better for you, but TOO MUCH FAT of any type can
increase your weight.

(paragraph 3)
And don’t forget to increase your IRON
intake by eating liver. Traditional meals using
peas, beans and lentils provide good
nourishment. Remember to cut down on any
animal fat used in cooking e.g in soups do not
add fat and do not fry food. Where FAT is
involved, LESS IS BEST.
III. Main Idea 3 :

Main Idea 3 : The less fat, the better.
A. Supporting Detail 1 : Eating too much saturated
fat can lead to coronary heart disease and being
overweight.
B. Supporting Detail 2 : Unsaturated fat may be
better for you, but TOO MUCH FAT of any type can
increase your weight.

2. Somebody, Wanted, But, So, Then
Each word represents a key question related to
a text’s essential elements:
• Somebody—Who is the text about?
• Wanted—What did the main character want?
• But—What was the problem encountered?
• So—How was the problem solved?
• Then—How did it end?

In April of 1585 Sir Walter Raleigh, under the authority of Queen Elizabeth of England, sent an
expedition of seven ships carrying 600 men, half of them soldiers, to found an English colony in North
America. The colony was to be used to establish an English presence in the New World as well as a
base from which English privateers, or pirates, could attack and plunder Spanish treasure fleets.
Raleigh’s cousin, Sir Richard Grenville, led the expedition.
In July of that year the bulk of the fleet reached a small island off the coast of Virginia that was
called Roanoke. After building a small fort on the north side of the island, the colonists initiate relations
with a Native American
tribe that lived on the island, the Aquascogoc. These natives showed little interest in building relations
with the English colonists, and they soon parted company. After this encounter, however, the English
noticed that one of their silver cups had gone missing, and they attributed its disappearance to the
Aquascogoc. Grenville, the English captain, was furious. He believed that the Aquascogoc had stolen
the silver cup. Whether or not this was true, angry exchanges followed and soon the English burned the
Aquascogoc village. The English held their fort against the subsequent attacks of the natives.
Despite their success in battle, the colonists had a miserable time because they were mainly
soldiers and adventurers, not farmers. They were hungry. They missed the comforts of England, such as
soft feather beds and dainty foods. Also, they had expected to find gold and silver on the island and
were disappointed when they found none. Grenville soon tired of these conditions and set out on his
ship to plunder Spanish treasure fleets and return to England. The colony was gradually abandoned.

In 1587 Sir Walter Raleigh dispatched a further expedition of three ships and 150
colonists, led by John White, to Roanoke. This time the expedition included women
and children, including White’s pregnant daughter, Elenora. Shortly after they reached
Roanoke, Elenora delivered a child whom they named Virginia. Virginia was the first
English person born in America. But the English soon ran into more trouble with the
Native Americans. A colonist named George Howe was killed by natives while
searching for crabs alone on the beach. The colonists were scared. They persuaded
White to sail back to England to ask Sir Walter Raleigh for help. White left behind 114
colonists, including his daughter Elenora and granddaughter Virginia.
Unfortunately for White and the colonists, England was preparing for a naval war
with Spain. All shipping from English ports was ceased. It took White three years to get
his relief expedition back to Roanoke. When he returned in August of 1590, White
found no sign of his daughter, granddaughter, or anyone else. They found three letters,
“CRO,” carved on a tree and the full word, “CROATOAN,” on a nearby post. Possibly
this referred to the Croatoan Island, which was nearby. White searched long and
anxiously but failed to find them.

3. SAAC Method
This method is particularly helpful in learning the
format of a summary. This includes the title and
author’s name.
 State— The name of the article, book, movie
 Assign—the name of the author
 Action—what the author is doing (ex. Tells, explains)
 Complete—complete the sentence or summary with
keywords and important details.

Coronavirus in the Philippines: The COVID-19 risk, impact and measures
By Praveen Duddu (an excerpt)
Preventive measures by the Philippine government
The Philippine government is taking several steps to control the spread of the virus,
including travel restrictions, closure of schools and colleges, as well as training
schools of the Philippine National Police.
Educational institutes in the country are announced to be closed from March 9 to
March 15, whereas in Metro Manila the classes will be suspended until April 12.
Stringent social distancing measures will be in place in the National Capital Region
(NCR) for 30 days from March 15.
The government announced earlier on February 2, 2020 that all persons except
Filipino citizens and permanent resident visa holders were temporarily barred from
entering the country.
A temporary ban on Filipinos from traveling to China or its special administrative
region was also imposed. A mandatory 14-day quarantine for Filipinos returning to
from China or its special administrative region was announced.

4. 5W’s, 1 H
These questions make it easy to identify the
main character, important details and main
idea.
 Who is the text about?
 What did he/she do?
 When did it happen?
 Why did he/she do it?
 How did he/she do what he/she did?

The Hacksaw Ridge Movie
In Lynchburg, Desmond Doss and his brother Hal are raised by a dysfunctional
family since their father Tom Doss is an alcoholic war veteran of World War I that
beats their mother Bertha. After a naughty fight with his brother Hal turns awry,
Desmond Doss reads the Bible and vows not to harm another human in his life
thereafter. Desmond then saves the life of a worker, experiencing a wholesome
satisfaction in the process. In the hospital, he is smitten by a nurse, Dorothy
Schutte, whom he then dates. After the United States enters the Second World
War, both sons enlist, adding to the ire of the father who despises his sons joining
the Army. The rigorous regimen of training in the Army requires Desmond to clear
his firearms training, but after a huge tiff with his seniors, his father, an old
corporal, intervenes to save Desmond from being court-martialed and serve with
the Army as a medic. Then, got posted to Hacksaw Ridge, Okinawa. Desmond
saved 75 men during the battle without firing a single shot. As an army medic
with a strong desire to save lives, Desmond single-handedly evacuated wounded
near enemy lines despite his own wounds. He was awarded with the
Congressional Medal of Honor.

5. First, Then, Finally
This technique helps summarize events or
steps in chronological order or in sequence.
 First– What happened first?
 Then– What key details took place during the
event/action?
 Finally– What were the results of the
event/action?

HOW TO CHANGE ENGINE OIL
Changing the engine oil at a regular interval is very essential to achieve quality engine
performance. In so doing, the following tools and materials should be prepared: drive-on
ramps, jack and jack stands, socket wrench or box end wrench to fit drain plug, droplight or
flashlight, pour spout, drain pan, rags, fender covers, fresh motor oil, work gloves, and safety
goggles.
With these tools and materials ready on hand, the process could be started. First, raise the
front of the car and support it with jack stands (unless working clearance under the car is
adequate). Place a basin beneath the drain plug. Loosen oil drain into the basin.
Clean the drain plug and washer with rags (some plugs are magnetized to trap metal
particles). Next, replace the plug and washer as soon as old oil had drained. Start plug by
hand and tighten it as far as possible. When the plug is seated, tighten it another half-turn with
a wrench. Finally, find oil filter. Add amount of oil given in the owner’s manual, 1qt. Less filter is
not changed. Start engine and check for leaks at the drain plug. Lower the car, check oil level,
and adjust if necessary.
The completion of this process with the other pars in excellent working condition ensures a
satisfying journey.

LESSON 5- SUMMARIZING.pptx

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