Surgical procedure

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3.  Mastoid process is the portion of the
temporal bone of the skull that is behind the
ear which contains open, air- containing
spaces
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4.  it is an inflammation of the mucosal lining of
the mastoid air cell system inside the mastoid
process
 Mastoiditis is the result of an infection that
extends to the air cells of the skull behind the
ear
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5.  Acute mastoiditis - sudden occurrence of
inflammation may spread outside the
mastoid bone and cause serious problems
 Chronic mastoiditis – in chronic type of
mastoiditis there will be ongoing middle ear
infection and persistent drainage from the
ear.
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6.  Mastoidits is usually caused by untreated
acute otitis media
 Cholesteatoma in the middle ear may block
drainage of the ear leading to mastoiditis
Causative organisms
 Streptococcus pneumonia, streptococcus
pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus,
heamophilus influenzae and morexalla
catarrhalis
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7.  Pain, tenderness and swelling in the mastoid
region
 Otalgia, redness over the mastoid region
 Fever , headaches
 Drainage from the ear occurs in more
serious cases
 Irritability and lethargy
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8. History collection
Physical examination
MRI
CT scan
Culture of the drainage
Blood tests
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9.  Antibiotics – ceftriaxone IV
 Myringotomy or tympanostomy to insert a
tympanostomy tube into the ear drum to the inner
ear for draining.
 Mastoidectomy – a procedure in which a portion
of the mastoid bone is removed and the infection
drained.
 A second surgery may do after mastoidectomy to
correct the ossicles and the perforated tympanic
membrane. (tympanoplasty and ossiculoplasty)
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10.  Simple mastoidectomy – surgeon opens the
mastoid bone, removes the infected air cells, and
drains the middle ear
 Radical mastoidectomy –surgeon remove the
eardrum and middle ear structures. Skin graft is
placed in middle ear after the procedure
 Modified radical mastoidectomy – this is less
severe form of radical mastoidectomy. Not all
middle ear bones are removed and the ear drum
is rebuilt.
 Mastoidectomy also done to place choclear
implants 5/11/2023
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11.  Post operative antibiotics and analgesics will
be there
 Follow up date will fix for the removal of
stitches and bandage
 Cover the operative site while bathing
(pertroleum jelly covered cotton ball)
 Avoid streneous activity
 Avoid air travel
 Avoid putting pressure on ear
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12.  If left untreated it can cause hearing loss,
blood clot, meningitis and brain abscess
Complications of surgery
 Facial nerve paralysis
 Sensorineural hearing loss
 Vertigo
 Change in taste (metallic taste)
 Tinnnitus
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