immunization of children is essential to prevent childhood illness, morbidity and mortality. immunization or vaccination is the way of protecting child from infectious diseases.

1. Immunization
BY,
KAVYA 1ST YEAR MSC NURSING

2. Objectives
 define Immunization
 describe ideal vaccine
 list the national immunization schedule
 enumerate the Contraindication of immunization
 explains the follow up conditions
 states the responsibilities of nurses

3. Immunization
 It’s the way of protecting the human body against
infectious diseases through vaccination.

4. BCG
1. Content : Viable bovine mycobacteria
2. Storage : 2-8 degree Celsius, Protect from light
3. DoseRoute Site : 0.1 ml ID Left Deltoid
4. Schedule : Single dose at birth
5. Major adverse effect : Axillary lymphadenils
6. Contraindication : Cellular immunodeficiency
Should not be given with measles and MMR

5. Oral polio vaccine
1. Content : OPV Sabin strain
2. Storage : 2-8 degree Celsius
3. DoseRoute Site : 2drops Oral
4. Schedule : Birth, 6,10,14 weeks
5. Major adverse effect : VAPP
6. Contraindication : immunodeficiency

6. Measles
1. Content : Edmonston Zagreb strains of measles virus
2. Storage : 2-8 degree Celsius, Protect from light
3. DoseRoute Site : 0.5 ml S/c Thigh / deltoid
4. Schedule : Single dose at 9 months
5. Major adverse effect : Rarely thrombocytopenia
6. Contraindication : Immunodeficiency or pregnancy

7. Rubella
1. Content : Strains of rubella virus
2. Storage : 2-8 degree Celsius
3. DoseRoute Site : 0.5 ml S/c Thigh / deltoid
4. Schedule : As MMR preferred
5. Major adverse effect : Rarely arthritis less than 5%
6. Contraindication : Immunodeficiency or pregnancy

8. Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR)
1. Content :Edmonston Zagreb strains of measles virus Strains of
rubella virus and urate strain mumps
2. Storage : 2-8 degree Celsius, Protect from light
3. DoseRoute Site : 0.5 ml S/c Thigh / deltoid
4. Schedule : 15-18 months
5. Major adverse effect : Aseptic parotid swelling and aseptic
meningitis
6. Contraindication : Immunodeficiency or pregnancy

9. Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV)
1. Content : Salk strain
2. Storage : 2-8 degree Celsius
3. DoseRoute Site : 0.5 ml IM or S/c Deltoid
4. Schedule : 6,10,14 weeks
5. Major adverse effect : nill
6. Contraindication : Serious hypersensitivity

10. Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis (DPT)
1. Content : Diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, purified pertussis
antigens
2. Storage : 2-8 degree Celsius, Protect from light
3. DoseRoute Site : 0.5 ml IM Thigh
4. Schedule : 6,10,14 weeks,
Booster at 15-18 month and 5 year
5. Major adverse effect : High fever,
Excessive crying, seizure
6. Contraindication : Serious hypersensitivity

11. Tetanus Toxoid (TT)
1. Content : TT tetanus toxoid
2. Storage : 2-8 degree Celsius
3. DoseRoute Site : 0.5 ml IM Thigh / Deltoid
4. Schedule At 10 year age and every 10 And in pregnancy
5. Major adverse effect : High fever, Excessive crying, seizure
6. Contraindication : Serious hypersensitivity

12. Hepatitis B
1. Content : H2 strains
2. Storage : 2-8 degree Celsius
3. DoseRoute Site : 0.5 ml IM Thigh / deltoid
4. Schedule : 6,10,14 weeks
5. Major adverse effect : nill
6. Contraindication : Serious hypersensitivity

13. Hib
1. Content : PRP or HbOC
2. Storage : 2-8 degree Celsius
3. DoseRoute Site : 0.5 ml IM Thigh / deltoid
4. Schedule : 6,10,14 weeks, Booster at 15-18 month
5. Major adverse effect : nill
6. Contraindication : Serious hypersensitivity

14. Contraindication of
immunization
1. Child has a high fever
2. He has had a bad reaction to
another immunization
3. He has had a severe reaction
after eating eggs
4. Having treatment of cancer
5. He has any illness which affects
immune system (HIV)

15. Which is the ideal vaccine
• Promotes effective immunity
• Controls lifelong protection
• Safe, do not carry side
effects
• Stable, cheap
• Acceptance by public

16. National immunization schedule
Age Schedule
At birth BCG,OPV 0 , HBV 0
6 weeks DPT 1, OPV1, HBV1*, HiB1*
10 weeks DPT2, OPV2, HBV2*, HiB2*
14 weeks DPT 3, OPV3, HBV3*, HiB3*
9 months Measles, vitamin A
15 months MMR
16-24 months DPTB1,OPV B 1 and vitamin A2
5 years DPT B2
10 years and 16 years TT

17. Follow up
Report immediately if
Persistent inconsolable
screaming (>3 hours )
High fever
Local infection
Pus at site
Seizures

18. Nurses responsibility
 Providing immunization to all children
 Using safe injection practice
 Involving community leaders to attract people for immunization
 Collaborating with school
 Collaborating with other health professionals in conducting camps.
 Home visit and follow up of immunized children.

19. Conclusion
Universal coverage of
immunization would
be able to protect the
children from the six
killer diseases.

20. bvc