BIOCHEMISTRY BIOTECHNOLOGY ZOOLOGY LIPOPROTEIN

1. ▪ NAME: ANSARI KAUSAR MOHD KHALID
▪ CLASS: MSc-I [ZOOLOGY]
▪ ID NO: 7763
▪ PAPER-III [BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ]
DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY

2. TOPIC :
LIPOPROTEINS:
CLASSIFICATION AND FUNCTION OF
CHYLOMICRONS, VLDL, LDL, HDL, ALBUMIN COMPLEX

3. ➢ WHAT ARE LIPOPROTEINS: • Lipoproteins are particles made of protein and
fats (lipids). They carry cholesterols through
your bloodstream to your cells
• Many toxins, enzymes, transporters and
adhesins are lipoproteins.
• It helps the body to sustain its Nerve Cells and
other vital cells in our body.
• It also helps the lipids to transport energy to
the muscles.
• Lipids absorbed from the diet and synthesized
by the liver and adipose tissue must be
transported between various cells and organs for
utilization and storage.

4. LIPID PRESENT IN LIPOPROTEIN:

5. TYPES OF LIPOPROTEINS:
Chylomicrons
Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL)
Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

6. ➢ CLASSIFICATION OF LIPOPROTIENS:
1. Based on density- They are separated by Ultracentrifugation. Depending
upon the floatation constant (Sf), Four major groups of lipoproteins have
been identified that are important physiologically and in clinical diagnosis.
•Chylomicrons: derived from
intestinal absorption of
triacylglycerol and other lipids;
Density is generally less than 0.95
while the mean diameter lies
between 100-500 nm
•Very low-density lipoproteins
(VLDL): derived from the liver for
the export of triacylglycerol; density
lies between 0.95- 1.006 and the
mean diameter lies between 30-80
nm.

7. ➢ CLASSIFICATION OF LIPOPROTIENS:
•High-density lipoprotein (HDL):
involved in cholesterol transport and
also in VLDL and chylomicron
metabolism. Density ranges between
1.063-1.121 and the mean diameter
varies between 5-15 nm.
•Low-density lipoproteins (LDL):
representing a final stage in the
catabolism of VLDL; density lies
between 1.019-1.063 and mean
diameter lies between 18-28 nm

8. 2) Based on electrophoretic mobilities:
• Lipoproteins may be separated according to their
electrophoretic properties into - α, pre ẞ, B,
and broad beta lipoproteins.
• The mobility of a lipoprotein is mainly dependent
upon protein content.
• Those with higher protein content will move
faster towards the anode and those with
minimum protein content will have minimum
mobility.

9. 2) Based on electrophoretic mobilities:
• HDL are -α, VLDL pre- ß, LDL-ẞ, and IDL are
broad beta lipoproteins.
• Free fatty acid and albumin complex although
not a lipoprotein is an important lipid fraction in
serum and is the fastest moving fraction.
• Chylomicrons remain at the origin since they
have more lipid content.
• VLDL with less protein content than LDL move
faster than LDL, this is due to nature of
apoprotein.

10. As the lipid content increases, density decreases
and size increases, that is why Chylomicrons are
least dense but biggest in size, while HDL are rich
in proteins, hence most dense but smallest in size..
2) Based on electrophoretic mobilities:

11. FUNCTIONS OF LIPOPROTEINS:
Chylomicrons Transport of dietary (exogenous) triglycerides from gut to peripheral
tissues.
Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) are another type of “bad cholesterol.” VLDLs carry triglycerides and
to a lesser degree, cholesterol — to your tissues.
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the “bad cholesterol.” It increases your risk of coronary artery
disease, heart attacks and stroke. LDL carries cholesterol that
accumulates as plaque inside blood vessels. Plaque buildup can make
blood vessels too narrow for blood to flow freely. This condition
is atherosclerosis..
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is the “good cholesterol.” It carries cholesterol back to your liver to be
flushed out of your body. High levels of HDL reduce your risk of
cardiovascular (heart) disease.
Free fatty acid- Albumin complex In addition to their function as an energy source, FFAs show critical
functions such as receptor signaling, gene expression, and regulation of
systemic fuel energy homeostasis under various physiological conditions

12. REFERENCE:
▪ https://www.slideshare.net/namarta28/lipoproteins-structure-classification-metabolism-and-
clinical-significance
▪ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/23229-
lipoprotein#:~:text=Lipoproteins%20carry%20cholesterol%20and%20triglycerides,blood%20test%20
measures%20lipoprotein%20levels.
▪
https://www.britannica.com/science/lipid/Classification-and-formation

13. thank you!