This is a genuine presentation about Nose physiology and anatomy. This is a perfect presentation for the speech and language pathologist and also audiologist. Here after reading this slides you will become expert in your field. Every question in your mind will be clear. Thanks for visiting here . Keep learning with us .

1. Anatomy and physiology
● Nose
● Paranasal sinuses

3. Nasal cavity
● The nasal cavity participates in speech
resonance with either closure or opening of
velopharyngeal port.
● Production of M,N requires closure
somewhere in oral cavity combined with
opening of velopharyngeal port, allowing the
nasal cavity to serve as primary
resonator.

4. Function of the Nose
⮚The only externally visible part
of the respiratory system that
functions by
⮚Providing an airway for
respiration
Moistening and warming the
entering air

5. Function of the Nose
⮚ Filtering inspired air and cleaning it of foreign
matter
⮚ Serving as a resonating chamber for speech
⮚ Housing the olfactory receptors

6. Structure of the Nose
The nose is divided into two regions
⮚ The external nose, including the root, bridge,
dorsum nasi, and apex
⮚ The internal nasal cavity

7. ⮚ Philtrum: a shallow vertical groove inferior to
the apex
⮚ The external nares (nostrils) are bounded
laterally by the alae

8. Structure of the Nose

9. Structure of the Nose

10. The structure of Nose
● above by
– Nasal bones,
– maxillae, and
– frontal bone.
● Below,
– plates of cartilage

11. External Nose

12. External nose
● The external nose has two orifices.. naris
(nostrils), which are separated from each
other by the columela.
● The lateral margin, the ala nasi, is rounded
and mobile.

13. Nasal Cavity
⮚ Lies in and posterior to the external nose
Is divided by a midline nasal septum
Opens posteriorly into the nasal pharynx via
internal nares
⮚ The ethmoid and sphenoid bones form the
roof
⮚ The floor is formed by the hard and soft
palates

14. ⮚ Vestibule: nasal cavity superior to the nares
⮚ Vibrissae: hairs that filter coarse particles
from inspired air
⮚ Olfactory mucosa Lines the superior nasal
cavity, Contains smell receptors

15. Respiratory mucosa
⮚ Lines the inner surface of the nasal cavity
⮚ Glands secrete mucus containing lysozyme
and defensins to help destroy bacteria

17. Inspired air is:
⮚ Humidified by the high water content in the
nasal cavity
⮚ Warmed by rich plexuses of capillaries
⮚ Ciliated mucosal cells remove contaminated
mucus

18. Superior, medial, and inferior conchae:
Protrude medially from the lateral walls
⮚ Increase mucosal area
⮚ Enhance air turbulence and help filter air
⮚ Sensitive mucosa triggers sneezing when
stimulated by irritating particles

19. Functions of the Nasal Mucosa and
Conchae
During inhalation the conchae and nasal
mucosa:
⮚ Filter, heat, and moisten air
⮚ During exhalation these structures:
⮚ Reclaim heat and moisture
⮚ Minimize heat and moisture loss

20. Nerve supply of nose
● The sensation of the nose is derived from the
first 2 branches of the trigeminal nerve.
Ophthalmic division
⮚ Nasociliary - Skin of the nose and mucous
membrane of anterior nasal cavity
● Anterior ethmoid - Anterior half of nasal cavity: (1)
internal - ethmoid and frontal sinuses and (2) external -
nasal skin to tip of nose
● Posterior ethmoid - Superior half of nasal cavity, namely
the sphenoid and ethmoids

21. ● Maxillary division
– Maxillary
– Infraorbital - External nares
– Zygomatic
– Superior posterior dental
– Superior anterior dental - Mediates sneeze reflex
– Sphenopalatine - Divides into lateral and septal branches
and conveys sensation from posterior and central regions of
the nasal cavity
● .

22. ● The parasympathetic supply is derived from
the cranial nerve VII.

23. Paranasal Sinuses
● Purpose of sinuses
⮚ Resonating chamber for
voice
⮚ Decrease weight of skull
⮚ Warm & moisten air
⮚ Shock absorbers
⮚ Immune system

24. Sinus Anatomy
⮚ Aerated at birth
⮚ Maxillary sinuses
⮚ Age 6-7
⮚ Frontal /sphenoidal
sinuses
⮚ Puberty- approx 17-18
yrs
⮚ Ethmoid

25. Maxillary Sinuses
⮚ Largest sinuses
⮚ 3.5 cm high
⮚ 2.5 – 3 cm wide
⮚ Within maxilla
⮚ Above upper teeth
⮚ Paired & symmetric
⮚ Communicates with middle
nasal meatus

26. Frontal Sinuses
⮚ Second largest sinuses
⮚ 2 – 2.5 cm
⮚ Normally:
⮚ Between tables of vertical plate in
frontal bone
⮚ Can extend beyond frontal bone
inot the orbital plates
⮚ Rarely symmetrical
⮚ Number varies (occassionally
absent)
⮚ Drain into middle nasal meatus

27. Sphenoid Sinuses
⮚ Below sella turcica
⮚ Extends between dorsum
sellae and post clinoid
processes
⮚ Can be single or paired
⮚ Usually no more than two
⮚ Drains into sphenoethmoidal
recess of nasal cavity

28. Ethmoid Sinuses
⮚ Within lateral masses of ethmoid
bone
⮚ Three groups:
⮚ Anterior, middle & posterior
⮚ Anterior & middle
⮚ 2-8 cells
⮚ Drains into middle nasal meatus
⮚ Posterior
⮚ 2-6 cells
⮚ Drain into superior nasal meatus

29. THANK YOU