STI's powerpoint

1. F O R T E E N S A G E S 1 5 +
J E S S I C A Z E L E N T
M A R C H 1 5 , 2 0 1 6
Sexually Transmitted Infections
(STI’s)

2. STI Defined
 STI’s are passed on through sexual contact or the
exchange of body fluids.
 STI are caused by the spread of organisms like
bacteria, viruses or parasites.
 STI caused by bacteria include Chlamydia,
gonorrhea and syphilis. STI caused by viruses
include herpes, HIV, HPV and hepatitis B.

3. Facts
 Many people who have an STI don’t have any
obvious symptoms or signs.
 It is important you get the facts about how they are
spread and always have safe sex.
 Anyone can get an STI, but they are most common in
people between 15 and 29 years of age.

4. Facts (continued)
 If left untreated STI can lead to serious and painful
health consequences, ranging from infertility to
cancer.
 Nearly half of the 20 million new STDs each year
were among young people, between the ages of 15 to
24
 Approximately 273,000 babies were born to teen
girls aged 15–19 years in 2013

5. Chlamydia
 It is usually spread by vaginal or anal sex without a
condom.
 Most people do not have any immediate symptoms.
 If you are a male, look out for a clear discharge from
your penis or pain when you urinate.
 If you are a female, you may experience bleeding
between periods or after sex, pain when urinating or
pelvic pain.

6. Chlamydia Facts
 Chlamydia was the most frequently reported STI in
Australia in 2012, with 82,707 new cases.
 Even higher rates were recorded in remote areas. 81% of
reported cases are 15-24 year olds.
 Chlamydia affects both males and females (60%) and can
lead to sterility amongst females (56%).
 If left untreated in females, Chlamydia could lead to
pelvic inflammatory disease causing chronic pelvic pain
and even infertility. In males it can lead to longer-term
infection of the testicles.
 Always use a condom with water-based lubricant to avoid
getting Chlamydia.

7. Gonorrhea
 It is usually spread by vaginal, anal or oral sex
without a condom.
 Caused by a type of bacteria and it can affect both
males and females
 Most people don’t have any immediate symptoms.
 If you are a male, look out for a smelly fluid from
your penis or swollen testicles.
 If you are a female, you may experience vaginal fluid
discharge and pain when urinating.

8. Gonorrhea Facts
 The rate of diagnosis of gonorrhea increased by 67%
from 2008 to 2012 . This is a big increase in both males
and females.
 Substantially higher rates of diagnosis of gonorrhea were
recorded.
 If left untreated it could lead to pelvic inflammatory
disease in females and infertility in both males and
females.
 Untreated gonorrhea may also increase your chances of
getting or giving HIV
 Always use a condom with water-based lubricant to avoid
getting Gonorrhea

9. HIV/AIDS
 HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is the virus that
causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).
 HIV damages the immune system leading to serious
infections.
 Reported HIV cases have begun to increase in recent years.
 HIV is spread by:
 Anal or vaginal sex without a condom
 Sharing needles
 From mother to baby (in some cases during childbirth or breastfeeding).
 In rare cases HIV is spread through oral sex and needle injuries.
 Males and Females:
 Flu-like symptoms and extreme tiredness.
 Weight loss and mouth ulcers.

10. HIV/AIDS Facts
 Some people have no symptoms for years until the
disease progresses to AIDS
 Men who have sex with men continue to make up the
majority of people with diagnosed HIV infection.
 A quarter of those diagnosed with HIV were through
relationships between males and females.
 Left untreated, infection with HIV can lead to the
development of AIDS.
 If you have HIV you are not allowed to donate blood,
organs or other tissues.
 Always use a condom with water-based lubricant to avoid
getting HIV.

11. Herpes
 Herpes is spread through vaginal, anal and oral sex
without a condom, and genital skin-to-skin contact.
 There are two types of herpes, which cause small,
painful blisters. One causes cold sores and is spread
through kissing. The other mainly causes genital
sores and is spread through sexual contact.
 Some people don’t show signs of infection
 For males and Females:
 Some people suffer from painful genital blisters and pain when
urinating.
 Fever, swollen glands and headaches.

12. Herpes Facts
 There are low levels of knowledge in relation to herpes.
 Less than half of secondary school students were aware
(56%) that once a person has genital herpes they will
always have the virus.
 More than 1 in 10 people can carry the virus responsible
for genital herpes.
 Left untreated, the herpes virus can cause meningitis,
and exposed blisters can increase the risk of acquiring
HIV.
 Always use a condom with water-based lubricant to avoid
getting herpes.

13. Getting Checked
 Chlamydia
 Urine test and/or swab
 Gonorrhea
 Urine test and/or swab
 HIV/AIDS
 A simple blood test is taken to detect HIV antibodies
 Rapid testing for HIV is now available.
 There are two different types of HIV rapid tests:
 One collects oral fluids,
 the other involves a finger prick.
 Herpes
 A simple swab test will determine if you have herpes

14. Treatment
 Chlamydia
 antibiotics
 Gonorrhea
 antibiotics
 The treatment available for people with HIV
continues to improve all the time. Advances in HIV
antiretroviral therapy has decreased HIV and AIDS-
associated mortality and morbidity.
 Herpes
 There is no cure for genital herpes. However there are
medications that help manage it.

15. Responsibilities
 If you have any of these STI’s (Chlamydia,
Gonorrhea, HIV/AIDS, or Herpes) or any other kind
of STI it is your responsibility to let all your sexual
partners from at least the past six months know so
that they can be tested and treated if needed.

16. Resources
 Herpes. (n.d.). Retrieved March 14, 2016,
from
http://www.sti.health.gov.au/internet/sti/pu
blishing.nsf/Content/Herpes
 Sexual Risk Behaviors: HIV, STD, & Teen
Pregnancy Prevention. (2016). Retrieved
March 14, 2016, from
http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/sexualbeh
aviors/index.htm