This document provides an overview of the present perfect tense in English. It explains that the present perfect is formed using has/have + the past participle of the verb. It provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences. It also discusses the use of the present perfect to refer to finished actions that influence the present or actions that occurred before now. Signal words that are commonly used with the present perfect are listed. Finally, it mentions that exercises on forming sentences in the present perfect are provided at the end.

1. THE PRESENT PERFECT HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE

2. The Present Perfect He HAS just FOUND A four-leaf clover. THE PRESENT PERFECT

3. Form of the Present Perfect Has + Subject + past participle has not + past participle has + past participle He She It Question Have + Subject + past participle Negative have not + past participle Positive have + past participle I You We They

4. EXAMPLES AFFIRMATIVE : He HAS BOUGHT a skateboard. INTERROGATIVE: HAS Bart BOUGHT a bike? NEGATIVE: He HASN´T bOUGHT a bike, he has bought a skateboard,

5. PAST PARTICIPLES For regula r verbs, just add “ ed ”. He has finish ED. For irregular verbs, use the participle form (see LIST OF IRREGULAR VERBS , 3rd column). They have EATEN

6. Use of Present Perfect Action still going on : School has not start ed yet. Action that stopped recently : She has cook ed dinner.

7. Use of Present Perfect Finished action that has an influence on the present : I have lost my key. Action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking : I have never been to Australia

8. Signal Words of Present Perfect Already Ever Just Never Yet / Not yet For Since So far Till now Up to now

9. Exercises on Present Perfect HAVE OR HAS? POSITIVE SENTENCES NEGATIVE SENTENCES QUESTIONS TEST 1 on PRESENT PERFECT TEST 2 on PRESENT PERFECT TEST 3 on PRESENT PERFECT